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Mapping Career Counseling Interventions: A Guide for Career Practitioners PDF

251 Pages·2022·6.065 MB·English
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Mapping Career Counseling Interventions Mapping Career Counseling Interventions provides an innovative insight into identifying and resolving problems within career management. In recent years, myriad counseling tools have been developed so that practitioners can offer the most appropriate support possible. To guide the selection of such tools, this book offers a “map” that introduces and links 63 frequent career manage- ment difficulties with more than 160 qualitative interventions and solutions. Through its highly organized layout and extensive detail, major career man- agement difficulties—namely lack of motivation, indecisiveness, dysfunctional beliefs, lack of information, conflicts, and lack of employability—are scruti- nized and divided into specific, more manageable sub-difficulties. Targeted interventions to address each of those difficulties, originating from vocational, motivational, and positive psychology, are then suggested and described. From these conclusions, the book delivers practical advice to help conduct these interventions in a sensitive and respectful manner. Overall, this book outlines the most effective ways to foster a good working alliance. One of the book’s standout features is its inclusion of an inventory and card sort to facilitate the identification of obstacles to professional choice and career management. This book is a pivotal resource for the large and diverse community of career development practitioners, such as career counselors, career advi- sors, employment counselors, and career coaches, regardless of their specific audience and work settings. Shékina Rochat, PhD, is substitute Senior Lecturer at the University of Lausanne and previously worked as a career counsellor and service manager at the Vaud state office of career counselling. Her research focuses on the effects of methods and processes in career counseling, positive psychology, and motivational interviewing interventions (www.shekinarochat.com). Mapping Career Counseling Interventions A Guide for Career Practitioners Shékina Rochat Cover image: © Getty Images First published 2022 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN and by Routledge 605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2022 Shékina Rochat The right of Shékina Rochat to be identified as author of this work has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Rochat, Shékina, 1988- author. Title: Mapping career counseling interventions: a guide for career practitioners/Shékina Rochat, Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland Description: Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2022. | Includes bibliographical references and index. |Identifiers: LCCN 2021047821 (print) | LCCN 2021047822 (ebook) | ISBN 9781032212265 (hardback) | ISBN 9781032212289 (paperback) | ISBN 9781003267386 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Vocational guidance. Classification: LCC HF5381 .R73 2022 (print) | LCC HF5381 (ebook) | DDC 331.702–dc23/eng/20211005 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021047821 LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021047822 ISBN: 978-1-032-21226-5 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-032-21228-9 (pbk) ISBN: 978-1-003-26738-6 (ebk) DOI: 10.4324/9781003267386 Typeset in Adobe Caslon Pro by KnowledgeWorks Global Ltd. Contents Foreword ix Introduction 1 0.1 Career Decision-Making Difficulties 2 0.2 Interventions 3 0.3 Approach 6 0.4 Using the Map 7 In Summary 10 1 Lack of Motivation 11 1.1 Clarifying the Goal 12 1.2 Reinforcing the Goal’s Importance 16 1.3 Increasing the Goal’s Priority 18 1.4 Increasing Self-Confidence 20 1.5 Increasing Confidence in the Environment 24 1.6 Clarifying Emotions 26 1.7 Fighting Procrastination 29 In Summary 32 Notes 32 V VI contents 2 Indecisiveness 33 2.1 Reviewing Pessimistic Views 35 2.2 Fostering Self-Esteem 38 2.3 Reviewing the Fear of Making a “Bad Decision” 42 2.4 Facing Uncertainty 44 2.5 Decreasing Career Decision-Making Anxiety 47 2.6 Handling General Anxiety 50 2.7 Considering Relational Factors 52 In Summary 55 Notes 55 3 Dysfunctional Beliefs 57 3.1 Downplaying the Criticality of the Decision 58 3.2 Downplaying the Centrality of Work 61 3.3 Reassigning the Roles of Luck and Fate 62 3.4 Reframing Professional Help 65 3.5 Specifying the Role of Tests and Questionnaires 67 3.6 Giving Back Their Rightful Place to Significant Others 69 3.7 Questioning Career Stereotypes 70 In Summary 72 4 Lack of Information about the Career Decision-Making Process 73 4.1 Stages of Career Development 74 4.2 Stages of the Career Decision-Making Process 76 4.3 Components of the Choice 79 4.4 Combining Information 82 4.5 Exploration and Engagement 84 4.6 The Role of Reason and Emotions 86 4.7 Synthesizing with a Metaphor 90 In Summary 92 Note 92 5 Lack of Information about the Self 93 5.1 Vocational Interests 94 5.2 Personality 101 contents VII 5.3 Skills 105 5.4 Values 107 5.5 Character Strengths 109 5.6 Meaning 112 5.7 Life Story 117 In Summary 120 Notes 121 6 Lack of Information about Career Options 123 6.1 Identifying Information Gaps and Unrealistic Views 124 6.2 Giving Information 127 6.3 Sources of Information 129 6.4 Critical and Objective Assessment of Information 131 6.5 Existing Careers and Their Characteristics 134 6.6 Occupations of the Future 137 6.7 Educational Systems 139 In Summary 141 Notes 141 7 Internal Conflicts 143 7.1 Simultaneous Attraction to Multiple Options 144 7.2 Compromise between Dream and Reality 146 7.3 Compromise with Regard to Leisure 149 7.4 Ambivalence Regarding Career Changes 151 7.5 Ambivalence Regarding the Development of a Back-up Plan 153 7.6 Ambivalence between Several Options 156 7.7 Exploring the Sides of Ambivalence 159 In Summary 161 8 External Conflicts 163 8.1 Revealing Sources of Influence 165 8.2 Identifying Family Influences 168 8.3 Eliciting Family Expectations 170 8.4 Reconciling the Spheres of Life 172 VIII contents 8.5 Addressing Structural Constraints 174 8.6 Addressing Cultural Differences 177 8.7 Teaching Assertiveness 180 In Summary 182 9 Lack of Employability 183 9.1 Pursuing “Happiness” 185 9.2 Acknowledging the Cycles of Change 187 9.3 Overcoming Transitions 189 9.4 Planning for the Unexpected 193 9.5 Handling Failure 196 9.6 Solving Problems 200 9.7 Adopting a Spirit of Adventure 203 In Summary 206 Conclusion 207 Acknowledgements 209 Appendix A: The Career Difficulties Inventory 211 Appendix B: The Career Difficulties Inventory–Cards 215 References 219 Index 237 Foreword Two years ago, I received a French book, L’art du conseil en orientation, by Shékina Rochat. Despite not knowing French, I was able to depict its goal after I scanned it and, being very impressed, I asked Shékina about the English version. So, I was pleased, but not surprised, when I received the English version. The title of the book, Mapping Career Counseling Interventions: A Guide for Career Practitioners, reminded me about the theme of the 12th Biennial Conference of the Society of Vocational Psychology in Tallahassee, Florida, in May 2016—Integrating Career Theory, Research, and Practice. This book is an outstanding demonstration of how integration of theory, research, and practice can be implemented: it makes it possible for career practitioners to incorporate the ideas, knowledge, and practical experience-derived specific recommendations in their work. One of the dominant characteristics of today’s dynamic world of work is the increasing frequency of the need to make career decisions. Today’s information and communication technology provides ever-growing access to career information; however, the quantity and (often questionable) qual- ity of the information available lead to difficulties and challenges involved in making career decisions. Contrary to the past concerns of career prac- titioners that ICT-based self-help sites will make the career counseling profession obsolete, the actual demand for career counseling is increasing. There is an increasing tendency to regard the goal of career counseling as facilitating clients’ career decision-making and awareness of the need to IX

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