Manufacturing Control of Textile Materials: Operational Computerized Non-contact Methods PDF
Preview Manufacturing Control of Textile Materials: Operational Computerized Non-contact Methods
Studies in Systems, Decision and Control 460 Valerii Zdorenko · Nataliia Zashchepkina · Sergiy Barylko · Artur Zaporozhets · Serhii Lisovets · Ihor Kiva Manufacturing Control of Textile Materials Operational Computerized Non-contact Methods Studies in Systems, Decision and Control Volume 460 SeriesEditor JanuszKacprzyk,SystemsResearchInstitute,PolishAcademyofSciences, Warsaw,Poland The series “Studies in Systems, Decision and Control” (SSDC) covers both new developments and advances, as well as the state of the art, in the various areas of broadly perceived systems, decision making and control–quickly, up to date and with a high quality. The intent is to cover the theory, applications, and perspec- tives on the state of the art and future developments relevant to systems, decision making, control, complex processes and related areas, as embedded in the fields of engineering, computer science, physics, economics, social and life sciences, as wellastheparadigmsandmethodologiesbehindthem.Theseriescontainsmono- graphs, textbooks, lecture notes and edited volumes in systems, decision making and control spanning the areas of Cyber-Physical Systems, Autonomous Systems, SensorNetworks,ControlSystems,EnergySystems,AutomotiveSystems,Biolog- ical Systems, Vehicular Networking and Connected Vehicles, Aerospace Systems, Automation, Manufacturing, Smart Grids, Nonlinear Systems, Power Systems, Robotics,SocialSystems,EconomicSystemsandother.Ofparticularvaluetoboth thecontributorsandthereadershiparetheshortpublicationtimeframeandtheworld- widedistributionandexposurewhichenablebothawideandrapiddisseminationof researchoutput. 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AllbookspublishedintheseriesaresubmittedforconsiderationinWebofScience. · · Valerii Zdorenko Nataliia Zashchepkina · · Sergiy Barylko Artur Zaporozhets · Serhii Lisovets Ihor Kiva Manufacturing Control of Textile Materials Operational Computerized Non-contact Methods ValeriiZdorenko NataliiaZashchepkina NationalTechnicalUniversityofUkraine NationalTechnicalUniversityofUkraine “IgorSikorskyKyivPolytechnicInstitute” “IgorSikorskyKyivPolytechnicInstitute” Kyiv,Ukraine Kyiv,Ukraine SergiyBarylko ArturZaporozhets NationalTechnicalUniversityofUkraine GeneralEnergyInstituteofNASofUkraine “IgorSikorskyKyivPolytechnicInstitute” Kyiv,Ukraine Kyiv,Ukraine IhorKiva SerhiiLisovets V.I.VernadskyTauridaNationalUniversity V.I.VernadskyTauridaNationalUniversity Kyiv,Ukraine Kyiv,Ukraine ISSN 2198-4182 ISSN 2198-4190 (electronic) StudiesinSystems,DecisionandControl ISBN 978-3-031-23638-9 ISBN 978-3-031-23639-6 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-23639-6 ©TheEditor(s)(ifapplicable)andTheAuthor(s),underexclusivelicensetoSpringerNature SwitzerlandAG2023 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsaresolelyandexclusivelylicensedbythePublisher,whether thewholeorpartofthematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuse ofillustrations,recitation,broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,and transmissionorinformationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilar ordissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped. 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ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland Preface Oneofthemostimportanttasksrelevant forlightindustryenterprisesistoensure the production process for the manufacture of textile materials by using systems for the operational control of their technological parameters to ensure the quality characteristicsofcompetitiveproducts.Textilematerialshaveawiderangeofappli- cations.Theyareusedforthemanufactureofvariousitemsofclothing,household textiles, fabrics and knitwear for technical purposes. Modern devices and control systems do not allow the use of continuous monitoring of technological parame- tersintheproductionprocess,andlaboratorycontroloftextilematerialsamplesis mainlyused.Thisdoesnotallowforapromptresponsetoachangeinthevalueofa technologicalparameter,whichmaygobeyondtheregulatedlimitsintheprocessof productionofacontrolledmaterial,whichreducesthequalityofthefinishedproduct, increasestheamountofdefectsandusedenergyresources.Forthepracticalimple- mentationofoperationalandcontinuousmonitoringofthequalityoftextilemate- rials,itisnecessarytodevelopamethodologyforconstructingmoderncomputerized systemsformonitoringtheirtechnologicalparametersusingnon-contactultrasonic methodsformaterialwithacomplexstructure.Tosolvethisproblem,itisnecessary toobtainanalyticaldependencesthatconnectthetechnologicalparametersoftextile materialswiththeinformativeparametersofultrasonicwaves,whichwillallowto developnon-contactcontrolmethods.Basedontheobtainedmethods,itispossible todevelopdifferentcomputerizedsystemsdependingonthetechnologicalparameter thatneedstobecontrolled.Computerizedsystemsforthecontroloftechnological parametersinthemanufacturingprocessmustsimultaneouslyprocessseveralinfor- mativeparametersofultrasonicwavesarrivingatthereceivingtransducerstotake intoaccountthecomplexstructureofthetextilematerial.Suchsystemsarenecessary to ensure the possibility of strict observance of the main technological parameters duringthemanufacturingprocessesofproductsthataffectboththeconsumerprop- erties of textile materials and their physical and mechanical characteristics within theestablishedlimits.Andthisisanactualtask. Oneoftheseparametersisthesurfacedensityandporosityofthetextilematerial. Changesintheseparametersarealsoinfluencedbytheregulationofthetensionofthe v vi Preface threadsofthetextilematerialonthetechnologicalequipmentduringtheproduction process. To control the main technological parameters of textile materials using modern computerizedsystems,itisnecessarytousetechnicalcomplexeswiththeabilityto quicklydeterminetherequiredvaluesinrealtime.Forthemanufacturingprocess, it is important to control the given surface density and ensure the uniformity of the structure of the textile material, taking into account the actual value of the controlled parameter. In order to meet the required porosity value with a certain tolerance of its values, appropriate performance characteristics for various textile materialsareensured.Bydeterminingtheactualvalueofporosityforfinishedtextile fabrics, it is possible to ensure the optimal consumption of special substances for theirmanufacturingandcoloration. The control of the surface density and porosity of the textile fabric, taking into accountthetensionofthethreads,mustbecarriedoutusingcomputerizedsystems, usingnon-contactmethods,sinceonlytheyallowtoquicklyrespondtochangesin thevalueoftheseparametersdirectlyinthemanufacturingprocess. Thus,byconstantlymonitoringthesurfacedensityandporosityoftextilemate- rials, taking into account their tension, using modern computerized systems, it is possible to obtain high-quality finished products with minimal raw material costs. Such operational control will ensure the specified shape stability, rigidity, heat-shielding properties of various fabrics, as well as important and relevant for the production of such textile materials. This, in turn, will increase the economic efficiencyoftextileproductsonthemarket. Kyiv,Ukraine ValeriiZdorenko December2021 NataliiaZashchepkina SergiyBarylko ArturZaporozhets SerhiiLisovets IhorKiva Contents 1 Analysis of the Current State of Methods and Means for Monitoring the Technological Parameters of Textile Materials ...................................................... 1 1.1 Review of Existing Destructive Methods and Means for Monitoring the Technological Parameters of Textile Materials .................................................. 1 1.2 ReviewofNon-destructiveMethodsforControlandAnalysis ofthePossibilityofTheirApplicationforTechnological ParametersofTextileMaterials ............................... 6 1.3 Review of Non-destructive Testing of Textile Materials forLightIndustry .......................................... 11 1.4 Review of Methods and Means for Ultrasonic Control ofTextileMaterialsinLightIndustry .......................... 19 1.5 Main Dependences of Pulsed Ultrasonic Transducers forProbingTextileMaterials ................................. 24 References ..................................................... 28 2 DevelopmentofaComputerizedControlSystemStructure andStudyofUltrasonicWavePropagationinVariousTextile Materials ...................................................... 33 2.1 DevelopmentoftheOverallComputerizedSystemStructure for Non-contact Ultrasonic Control Over Technological ParametersofTextileMaterials ............................... 33 2.2 StudyofaPulseUltrasonicSignalTransmissionThrough Two-Layer Composite, Single-Layer Textile Materials withThroughPoresandWithoutThem ........................ 36 2.3 Study of the Pulse Ultrasonic Signal Reflection fromTwo-LayerComposite,Single-LayerTextileMaterials withThroughPoresandWithoutThem ........................ 48 vii viii Contents 2.4 AttenuationofthePulseUltrasonicSignalDuringtheWave TransmissionandReflectionfromTwo-LayerComposite, Single-Layer Textile Materials with Through Pores andWithoutThem .......................................... 66 References ..................................................... 81 3 ResearchontheInteractionofUltrasonicWaveswithVarious TextileMaterialsintheProcessofNon-contactControl ............ 83 3.1 ReflectionofUltrasonicWavesfromaCompositeofSmall ThicknessatTheirNormalIncidencewiththeDetection ofDefectsintheMaterialStructure ........................... 83 3.2 Transmission and Reflection of Ultrasonic Waves from the Composition of the Layers of Liquid Polymer Melts, Their Solutions and from the Textile Layers with the Detection of Inhomogeneities in the Structure oftheCompositeofSmallThickness .......................... 88 3.3 Study on the Reflection of Ultrasonic Waves from the Composition of Textile Layers Moving AlongtheGuideSupport,andtheInteractionofOscillations intheWaveguidewiththeTextileMaterial ..................... 108 References ..................................................... 122 4 Application of Non-contact Methods to Control the Technological Parameters of Textile Materials intheProductionProcess ....................................... 125 4.1 Development and Application of Ultrasonic Amplitude Method to Determine the Tension of Warp Threads andtheBatteningForceintheProcessofWeavingFabrics ....... 125 4.2 DesignandApplicationofUltrasonicAmplitudeMethod forDeterminingtheTensionofThreadsonTextileKnitting MachinesintheProcessofaKnittedFabricManufacturing ....... 136 4.3 Development of a Reference Amplitude Method forDeterminingtheTensionofThreadswithHighLinear Density,TextileRibbonsandFabrics .......................... 157 References ..................................................... 164 5 Design of the Models and Methods of Constructing ComputerizedControlSystemsofTechnologicalParameters ofTextileMaterials ............................................. 167 5.1 DesignoftheComputerizedSystemofContactlessControl ofTechnologicalParametersofFabricsintheProduction Process ................................................... 167 5.2 Development of a Computerized System for Scanning TextileFiberMassandDeterminingtheTensionofThreads onKnittingMachines ....................................... 178 Contents ix 5.3 DevelopmentofaComputerizedSystemforScanningTextile Materialswiththe Determination of Their BasisWeight byPhaseandAmplitude-PhaseUltrasonicMethods ............. 186 5.4 Development of an Ultrasonic Computerized System forControllingtheBulkDensityofTextileMaterials ............ 196 5.5 Development of an Ultrasonic Computerized System forControllingthePorosityofTextileFabrics .................. 204 References ..................................................... 213 6 Development of Experimental Samples of Computerized Systems and Non-contact Control Over Technological ParametersofTextileMaterials .................................. 215 6.1 Development of an Experimental Sample of a Scanning ComputerizedSystemofTextileFabricsforControlOver TheirPorosityandTensionofThreadswithHighLinear Density ................................................... 215 6.2 DevelopmentofanExperimentalSampleofaComputerized System for Controlling the Basis Weight and Porosity of Textile Materials on Technological Equipment intheProductionProcess .................................... 222 6.3 Non-contact Control Over Porosity and Basis Weight ofTextileMaterialsbyExperimentalMeans .................... 233 6.4 Non-contactMeasurementofThreadTensionwithHigh LinearDensitybyMeansofExperimentalUltrasonicDevices UsingWaveguides .......................................... 256 6.5 Non-contactMeasurementoftheTensionofKnittedFabric SamplesUsingtheAmplitudeofUltrasonicWavesthatHave PassedThroughtheTextileMaterial ........................... 271 6.6 Probability Estimation of Control Over Basis Weight, PorosityofTextileMaterialsand ProbabilityEstimation ofControlOverTensionofThreadswithHighLinearDensity .... 284 References ..................................................... 288
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