Manual of museum planning sustainable space, facilities, and operations PDF
Preview Manual of museum planning sustainable space, facilities, and operations
Manual of Museum Planning Manual of Museum Planning Sustainable Space, Facilities, and Operations THIRD EDITION Edited by Barry Lord, Gail Dexter Lord, and Lindsay Martin A division of ROWMAN & LITTLEFIELD PUBLISHERS, INC. Lanham (cid:129) New York (cid:129) Toronto (cid:129) Plymouth, UK Published by AltaMira Press A division of Rowman & Littlefi eld Publishers, Inc. A wholly owned subsidiary of The Rowman & Littlefi eld Publishing Group, Inc. 4501 Forbes Boulevard, Suite 200, Lanham, Maryland 20706 www.rowman.com 10 Thornbury Road, Plymouth PL6 7PP, United Kingdom Copyright © 2012 by AltaMira Press All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means, including information storage and retrieval systems, without written permission from the publisher, except by a reviewer who may quote passages in a review. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Information Available Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Manual of museum planning : sustainable space, facilities, and operations / edited by Barry Lord, Gail Dexter Lord, and Lindsay Martin. — 3rd ed. p. cm. ISBN 978-0-7591-2145-4 (cloth : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-0-7591-2146-1 (pbk. : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-0-7591-2147-8 (electronic) 1. Museums—Planning—Handbooks, manuals, etc. 2. Museums—Management— Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Lord, Barry, 1939– II. Lord, Gail Dexter, 1946– III. Martin, Lindsay, 1982– AM121.M37 2012 069'.068—dc23 2011049828 ™ The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of Ameri- can National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992. Printed in the United States of America Contents Acknowledgments xv List of Contributors xvii Preface xxvii 1 Introduction 1 1.1 What to Look for in This New Edition 1 Gail and Barry Lord and Lindsay Martin 1.2 Using This Manual 3 1.3 Dimensions of Sustainability 6 Lindsay Martin 2 Museum Planning 9 2.1 The Need for Museum Planning 9 Gail and Barry Lord 2.2 Preplanning 14 Gail and Barry Lord 2.3 The Facility Planning Process 21 Lindsay Martin 2.4 The Planning Team 30 Barry Lord and Lindsay Martin PART 1: PLANNING FOR PEOPLE 39 3 Museums as Social Institutions 41 3.1 Institutional Evolution 41 Gail Dexter Lord 3.2 Foundation Statements 45 Gail Dexter Lord 3.3 Museums in Service to Society 47 Gail Dexter Lord 3.4 Planning Goals, Principles, and Assumptions 61 Lindsay Martin v 4 Planning the Visitor Experience 66 4.1 Planning for Community Needs 66 Joy Bailey 4.2 Market Analysis 73 Ted Silberberg 4.3 Exhibitions, Interpretation, and Public Programs 88 Maria Piacente and Barry Lord 4.4 Planning Space for Learning 109 Heather Maximea 4.5 Integrating Social Spaces 121 Amy Kaufman and Chris Lorway 4.6 Planning Amenities for Visitors 139 Lindsay Martin 4.7 Planning for Universal Design and Diversity 153 Craig Thompson and Phillip Thompson PART II PLANNING FOR COLLECTIONS 187 5 Understanding Collections 189 Brad King 5.1 Collection Basics 189 5.2 The Policy Framework 196 5.3 The Planning Process for Collections 202 6 Planning for Display 212 6.1 Modes of Display 212 Barry Lord 6.2 Long-Term Permanent Collection Display 220 Barry Lord 6.3 Temporary Exhibition Galleries 225 Barry Lord 6.4 Planning for Exhibition and Collections Support Space 230 Heather Maximea 7 Planning for Collections Care 246 7.1 The Life of Collections and the Cost of Keeping Them 246 Barry Lord 7.2 Planning for Collections Storage 250 Heather Maximea vi CONTENTS 7.3 Digitization of Collection Records 285 Steven A. LeBlanc 7.4 Planning a Conservation Laboratory 291 Samuel M. Anderson 7.5 Planning for Research 300 Barry Lord 8 Preventive Conservation 305 Steven Weintraub with Lindsay Martin and James Cocks 8.1 Preventive Conservation and the Museum Planning Process 305 8.2 Categorizing Risk 307 8.3 Strategies for Mitigation of Catastrophic and Severe Events 308 8.4 Impact of Environmental Conditions on the Preservation of Collections 315 8.5 The First Line of Defense: The Passively Buffered Environment 334 8.6 The Second Line of Defense: The Actively Controlled Environment 338 8.7 Environmental Monitoring Systems 344 8.8 Implications for Building Design and Construction 344 PART III: PLANNING FOR OPERATIONS 351 9 The Museum in Action 353 Amy Kaufman 9.1 Twenty-Four Hours in the Life of a Museum 353 9.2 Organizing the Action 355 9.3 Management of Operations 363 9.4 Everyday Challenges 364 10 Safety and Security 365 Ronald M. Ronacher Jr. 10.1 Risk Management 365 10.2 General Security Strategy 370 10.3 Protecting People 376 10.4 Protecting Collections 382 10.5 Protecting Buildings 395 10.6 Continuous Evaluation and Improvement 399 10.7 Security Advice 399 CONTENTS vii 11 Services and Support 408 Vincent D. Magorrian and Lindsay Martin 11.1 Facility Management 408 11.2 Support Spaces for Exhibitions, Programs, and Events 414 11.3 Deliveries, Supplies, and Garbage Removal 415 12 Planning for Staff 417 12.1 Staff Growth and Change 417 Amy Kaufman 12.2 Developing Staffi ng Plans 419 Amy Kaufman 12.3 Staff Spaces 426 Lindsay Martin 13 Attendance, Operating Revenue, and Expense Projections 439 Ted Silberberg 13.1 Operating Assumptions 440 13.2 Attendance Projections 442 13.3 Revenue Projections 445 13.4 Expense Projections 451 13.5 The Bottom Line: A Realistic Approach 453 PART IV: PLANNING FOR THE BUILDING 455 14 Essential Planning Documents 457 14.1 Museum Building Zones and Functional Areas 457 Barry Lord 14.2 From Net to Gross Area 468 Lindsay Martin 14.3 Facility Strategies and Functional Programs 473 Lindsay Martin 14.4 Using the Essential Planning Documents 487 Lindsay Martin 15 Environmental Sustainability 495 Sarah Brophy and Elizabeth Wylie 15.1 The Cost of “Green” 495 15.2 Mission Alignment 496 15.3 A Quadruple Bottom Line 499 viii CONTENTS 15.4 Providing Leadership in Sustainability 501 15.5 Taking the Long View of the Planning Process 502 15.6 Sustainability Policy and Action Plan 504 15.7 Sustainability Standards and Metrics 506 16 Establishing a Project Budget and Schedule 509 16.1 Right Sizing 510 Catharine Tanner and Barry Lord 16.2 Capital Cost Estimates 516 Breck Perkins and Victoria Cabanos 16.3 Fund-Raising and Feasibility 519 Melody Kanschat 16.4 Priorities and Phasing 530 Barry Lord 16.5 Schedules 532 Tom Seiler PART V: IMPLEMENTATION 539 17 Project Management 541 Tom Seiler 17.1 Defi nition of Project Management 541 17.2 The Project Manager (PM) 541 17.3 The Role of the Project Manager 542 17.4 Duties of the Project Manager 545 17.5 Project Manager Engagement 548 18 Site Selection 549 18.1 The Site Selection Process 549 Ted Silberberg 18.2 New Build versus Adaptive Reuse 556 Peter Wilson 19 Design and Construction 561 19.1 The Design and Construction Team 561 Tom Seiler 19.2 Stages of Design and Construction 566 Tom Seiler 19.3 The Architect Selection Process 570 Catharine Tanner CONTENTS ix
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