Manual of Cardiovascular Medicine PDF
Preview Manual of Cardiovascular Medicine
OXFORD CARDIX Manual of Cardiovascular Medicine . Edited by Thomas F Luscher MANUAL OF Cardiovascular Medicine MANUAL OF Cardiovascular Medicine edited by Thomas F. Lüscher, MD, FRCP, FESC Professor of Cardiology Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals GSST and Imperial College National Heart & Lung Institute London, UK 1 iv 1 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford, OX2 6DP, United Kingdom Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries © Oxford University Press 2021 The moral rights of the authors have been asserted First Edition published in 2021 Impression: 1 All rights reserved. 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Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this work in any other form and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer Published in the United States of America by Oxford University Press 198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States of America British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available Library of Congress Control Number: 2020952970 ISBN 978– 0– 19– 885031– 1 DOI: 10.1093/ med/ 9780198850311.001.0001 Printed in Great Britain by Ashford Colour Press Ltd, Gosport, Hampshire Oxford University Press makes no representation, express or implied, that the drug dosages in this book are correct. 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Dear Colleagues, Cardiovascular medicine has experienced an unforeseen and im- pressive development over the last 50 years, particularly recently, as we developed new diagnostics and innovative medications, as well as interventional and surgical procedures to treat patients with cardiac disease. Thus, the number of cardiovascular diagnoses and the number of diagnostic modalities, as well as the number of treatment options has expanded enormously and made cardiovas- cular medicine one of the biggest specialties in medicine at large. Cardiac patients are among the most important patient groups, both for general practitioners and for physicians working in hospital centres, and therefore it is of utmost importance to have infor- mation about the management of such patients readily at hand. This cardiovascular manual focusing on diagnostic algorithms and therapeutic recommendations according to European Guidelines, provides such a tool. Indeed, it encompasses all aspects of car- diovascular medicine from hypertension to transplantation, from imaging to intervention, and from pharmacotherapy to surgical procedures. With therefore hope to provide an important guide based on the current levels of evidence for surgery and for clinical rounds whilst managing patients with cardiovascular problems. We sincerely hope that you enjoy using this manual. Yours sincerely Thomas F. Lüscher vii Contents Contributors xi Abbreviations xv 1 G lobal Cardiovascular Risk 1 Thomas F. Lüscher and John E. Deanfield 2 Arterial Hypertension 7 Thomas F. Lüscher, Felix Beuschlein, and Isabella Sudano 3 Hypertensive Emergencies 23 Isabella Sudano and Matthias Hermann 4 Lipid Disorders 29 Thomas F. Lüscher and François Mach 5 Metabolic Syndrome 41 Roger Lehmann 6 Diabetes Mellitus 45 Roger Lehmann 7 S moking and Cessation 63 Isabella Sudano and Thomas F. Lüscher 8 N utrition and Dietary Recommendations 69 David Faeh 9 C ardiovascular Assessment in Athletes 77 Sanjay Sharma and Christian Schmied 10 A cute Chest Pain 85 Thomas F. Lüscher 11 Angina Pectoris 91 Oliver P. Guttmann, Oliver Gämperli, and Andreas Baumbach viii CONTENTS 12 I schaemia with Non-O bstructive Coronary Artery 101 Disease (INOCA) – Microvascular Angina Juan- Carlos Kaski, Jack Barton, and Hussein Al- Rubaye 111 13 A cute Coronary Syndromes Oliver P. Guttmann, Ronald Binder, and Andreas Baumbach 14 A ntithrombotics for Acute and Chronic Coronary 117 Syndromes Oliver P. Guttmann, Ronald Binder, Oliver Gämperli, and Andreas Baumbach 125 15 Takotsubo Syndrome Christian Templin, Jelena R. Templin- Ghadri, and Thomas F. Lüscher 135 16 A cute Aortic Syndrome Christoph A. Nienaber and Hatem Alkadhi 141 17 Aortic Aneurysm Christoph A. Nienaber and Mario Lachat 153 18 C arotid Artery Disease Marco Roffi and Ronald Binder 159 19 T ransient Ischaemic Attack and Stroke Andreas Luft and Thomas F. Lüscher 169 20 P eripheral Arterial Disease Nick Cheshire and Beatrice Amann-V esti 181 21 Raynaud’s Phenomenon Beatrice Amann- Vesti 185 22 Peripheral Oedema Beatrice Amann- Vesti 189 23 A cute Deep Venous Thrombosis Beatrice Amann- Vesti 195 24 A cute Pulmonary Embolism Stavros V. Konstantinides CONTENTS ix 25 Pulmonary Hypertension 205 Silvia Ulrich 26 Supraventricular Tachycardia 215 Silvia Guarguagli and Sabine Ernst 27 A trial Tachycardia Including Atrial Flutter 221 Silvia Guarguagli and Sabine Ernst 28 Atrial Fibrillation 229 Silvia Guarguagli and Sabine Ernst 29 A nticoagulation in Atrial Fibrillation 239 Bruno Reissmann and Paulus Kirchhof 30 I ndications for Pacemakers 247 Shouvik Haldar 31 Indications for Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators 253 A. John Camm 32 R emoval (Extraction) of Pacemakers and ICD Leads 259 Shouvik Haldar 33 C hannelopathies and Sudden Cardiac Death 265 Peter J. Schwartz and Dagmar I. Keller 34 A cute Heart Failure 273 Marco Metra and Thomas F. Lüscher 35 C hronic Heart Failure 281 John G.F. Cleland and Thomas F. Lüscher 36 C ardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Heart Failure 295 Gerhard Hindricks and Allireza Sepehri Shamloo 37 (Peri- )Myocarditis 305 Bettina Heidecker, Sanjay K. Prasad, and Urs Eriksson 38 Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy 313 Antonis Pantazis x CONTENTS 321 39 A rrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy Ardan M. Saguner and Hugh Calkins 327 40 A dults with Congenital Heart Disease (ACHD) Gerhard- Paul Diller and Michael A. Gatzoulis 333 41 Aortic Stenosis Faisal Khan and Stephan Windecker 347 42 M itral Valve Disease Francesco Maisano and Maurizio Tarramasso 361 43 Endocarditis Bernard Prendergast and Thomas F. Lüscher 367 44 P reoperative Screening Prior to Non- Cardiac Surgery Christian Schmied, Thomas F. Lüscher, and Steen Dalby Kristensen 377 45 S cores, Classifications, and Severity Levels Allan Davies and Christian Schmied Index 389 xi Contributors Hatem Alkadhi, Allan Davies, Institute of Diagnostic and Heart Division, Royal Brompton & Interventional Radiology, Harefield Hospitals, London, UK University of Zurich, Switzerland John E. Deanfield, Hussein Al- Rubaye, Consultant Cardiologist, University Ashford & St. Peter’s NHS College Hospital, London, UK Foundation Trust, UK Gerhard- Paul Diller, Beatrice Amann- Vesti, Cardiology III, Congenital and Angiology, Klinik im Park, Zurich, Valvular Heart Disease, University Switzerland Hospital, Münster, Germany Jack Barton, Urs Eriksson, St George’s, University of Internal Medicine, GZO Wetzikon London, UK Hospital, Wetzikon, Switzerland Andreas Baumbach, Sabine Ernst, Cardiology, Queen Mary University Consultant Cardiologist & of London/ Barts Heart Centre, UK Electrophysiologist, The Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK Felix Beuschlein, Klinik für Endokrinologie, Diabetologie David Faeh, und Klinische Ernährung, University Institut for Epidemiology, Hospital Zurich, Switzerland Biostatistics and Prevention, University of Zurich, Switzerland Ronald Binder, Cardiology, Klinikum Wels- Oliver Gämperli, Grieskirchen, Austria Herzklinik Hirslanden Zürich, Switzerland Hugh Calkins, Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Michael A. Gatzoulis, University, Baltimore, Consultant Cardiologist, The Royal Maryland, USA Brompton Hospital, London, UK A. John Camm, Silvia Guarguagli, Cardiac Clinical Academic Group, Heart Division, The Royal St. George’s University of London, Brompton Hospital, UK London, UK Oliver P. Guttmann, Nick Cheshire, Inherited and Inflammatory Vascular Surgery, Royal Brompton & Cardiovascular Diseases & Harefield Hospitals, London, UK Interventional Cardiology, St Bartholomew’s Hospital, UK/ UCL John G.F. Cleland, Centre for Heart Muscle Disease, Robinson Center for Biostatistics, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University of Glasgow, UK University College London, UK
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