Mandated Reporting of Child Abuse and Neglect: A Practical Guide for Social Workers PDF
Preview Mandated Reporting of Child Abuse and Neglect: A Practical Guide for Social Workers
Mandated Reporting of Child Abuse and Neglect TThhiiss ppaaggee iinntteennttiioonnaallllyy lleefftt bbllaannkk Mandated Reporting of Child Abuse and Neglect A Practical Guide for Social Workers KENNETH J. LAU, LCSW-R KATHRYN KRASE, MSW, JD RICHARD H. MORSE, MSW Copyright©2009SpringerPublishingCompany,LLC Allrightsreserved. Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,or transmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying, recording,orotherwise,withoutthepriorpermissionofthepublisheror authorizationthroughpaymentoftheappropriatefeestotheCopyrightClearance Center,Inc.,222RosewoodDrive,Danvers,MA01923,978-750-8400,fax 978-646-8600,[email protected]. SpringerPublishingCompany,LLC 11West42ndStreet NewYork,NY10036–8002 www.springerpub.com AcquisitionsEditor:JenniferPerillo ProductionManager:CindyFullerton CoverDesign:MimiFlow Composition:AptaraInc. 09 10 11 12 13/ 5 4 3 2 1 LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Lau,KennethJ. Mandatedreportingofchildabuseandneglect:apracticalguideforsocial workers/KennethJ.Lau,KathrynKrase,RichardMorse. p. cm. Includesindex. ISBN978-0-8261-1098-5(alk.paper) 1.Childabuse—UnitedStates. 2.Childabuse—Reporting—UnitedStates. 3.Childabuse—Lawandlegislation—UnitedStates. 4.Childwelfare workers—UnitedStates—Handbooks,manuals,etc. I.Krase,Kathryn. II.Morse,Richard,1945– III.Title. HV6626.52.L38 2009 (cid:2) 362.76630973–dc22 2008043752 PrintedinCanadabyTranscontinentalPrinting. The author and the publisher of this Work have made every effort to use sources believedtobereliabletoprovideinformationthatisaccurateandcompatiblewith thestandardsgenerallyacceptedatthetimeofpublication.Theauthorandpublisher shallnotbeliableforanyspecial,consequential,orexemplarydamagesresulting,in wholeorinpart,fromthereaders’useof,orrelianceon,theinformationcontained inthisbook. The publisher has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party Internet Web sites referred to in this publication and does not guarantee that any content on such Web sites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. This book is dedicated to all of the social workers, caseworkers, nurses, therapists, foster parents, police officers, attorneys, doctors, and volunteers who work hard every day to keep America’s children from harm: though your work is often unrecognized, you are the heroes of the generations to come. TThhiiss ppaaggee iinntteennttiioonnaallllyy lleefftt bbllaannkk Contents AuthorBiographies xi Foreword xiii Preface xv Acknowledgments xix 1 IntroductiontoMandatedReporting 1 HistoryoftheResponsetoChildAbuseandNeglect 1 TheHistoryofU.S.ChildWelfarePolicies 3 CostsofChildAbuse 7 ReportsofChildAbuseandNeglect 8 CriticismsofMandatedReporting 9 2 TheSocialWorkerAsMandatedReporter 15 WhatIstheProfessionofSocialWork? 15 WhatMakesSomeoneaSocialWorker? 17 TheSocialWorker/CaseworkerDistinction 18 LicensingandCertificationofSocialWorkers 18 PracticeAreas 19 ResponsibilitiesoftheSocialWorker 23 3 DefiningChildAbuseandNeglect 27 DefinitionofChildAbuse,Neglect,andMaltreatment 27 PhysicalAbuse 28 SexualAbuse 29 EmotionalAbuse 31 Maltreatment/Neglect 32 Abandonment 38 ExposuretoDomesticViolence 39 MunchausenSyndromebyProxy 40 vii viii Contents 4 RiskFactors:ThePotentialforChildAbuseorNeglect 43 EnvironmentalRiskFactors 45 Parent/CaretakerRiskFactors 45 ChildSexualAbuseRiskFactors 53 ChildRiskFactors 60 5 SignsofAbuseandNeglect 67 CategoriesofAbuseandNeglect 70 DisclosureofAbuse 72 SignsofNeglectorMaltreatment 73 SignsofPhysicalAbuse 79 SignsofSexualAbuse 84 SignsofChildSexualAbuse 93 WhattoDoWhenSexualAbuseIsSuspected 97 6 WhenIsaReportRequired? 105 WhoIsRequiredtoReport? 105 WhenIsThereEnoughEvidencetoReport? 107 WhoCanBetheSubjectoftheReport? 110 7 HowtoMakeaReport 113 ToWhomIstheReportMade? 113 WhatYouShouldKnowBeforeYouReport 114 WhattoDoinanEmergency 120 HowQuicklyShouldaReportBeMade? 121 CanaChildBeTakenIntoProtectiveCustody? 122 KnowingYourAgencyorOrganization 124 WhatHappenstotheReport? 126 8 AftertheReport:WhatHappensNext? 131 WhatDoesaChildProtectiveServicesInvestigationEntail? 132 ContactWiththeReportingSource 132 ContactWithCollateralSources 135 Face-to-FaceContactWithSubjectsoftheReport 135 Face-to-FaceContactWithOtherPersonsNamedintheReport 137 AHomeVisit 138 AnIntervieworObservationoftheChildren 140 ConcludingtheInvestigation 146 SubstituteCare 149 Contents ix 9 LegalandEthicalIssuesinMandatedReporting 159 ClientConfidentiality 160 PrivilegedCommunications 164 NegotiatingClientConfidentialityWithMandatedReporting 168 Confidentiality,MandatedReporting,andtheHealthInsurance PortabilityandAccountabilityActof1996 174 MandatedReportingintheContextofSubstanceAbuse Treatment 175 MandatedReportingofClientsAlreadyInvolvedWithChildProtective Services 176 10 LegalProtectionsandConsequencesforMandatedReporters 181 LegalImmunityforReportsMadein“GoodFaith” 181 PenaltiesforFilingaFalseReport 183 ConsequencesforFailuretoReport 184 EthicalConsiderations 186 LegalObligationsWhenReportingFromWithinanAgency 189 11 TheRoleofLawEnforcementintheProtectionofChildren 195 DifferencesBetweenLawEnforcementandChild ProtectiveServices 195 HowandWhenLawEnforcementIsNotifiedinAbuseand MaltreatmentCases 197 HowChildProtectiveServicesandLawEnforcementWork Together 199 WhatLawEnforcementWillAskoftheMandatedReporter 201 TheInterviewoftheChild 203 InterviewsWithOtherWitnesses 205 TheRolesofOtherProfessionalsinChildAbuseand Maltreatment 206 AppendixA:SummaryofStateLawsandResources 209 AppendixB:ListofRelevantInternetResources 285 AppendixC:Glossary 289 Index 301
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