Managing Reform in Universities: The Dynamics of Culture, Identity and Organizational Change PDF
Preview Managing Reform in Universities: The Dynamics of Culture, Identity and Organizational Change
Managing Reform in Universities IssuesinHigherEducation Titlesinclude: JürgenEndersandEgbertdeWeert(editors) THECHANGINGFACEOFACADEMICLIFE AnalyticalandComparativePerspectives JohnHarpur INNOVATION,PROFITANDTHECOMMONGOODINHIGHEREDUCATION TheNewAlchemy TamsinHinton-Smith WIDENINGPARTICIPATIONINHIGHEREDUCATION CastingtheNetWide? V.LynnMeek HIGHEREDUCATION,RESEARCH,ANDKNOWLEDGEINTHE ASIA-PACIFICREGION GuyNeave THEEUROPEANRESEARCHUNIVERSITY GuyNeave THEEVALUATIVESTATE,INSTITUTIONALAUTONOMYAND RE-ENGINEERINGHIGHEREDUCATIONINWESTERNEUROPE ThePrinceandHisPleasure MaryAnnDanowitzSagaria WOMEN,UNIVERSITIES,ANDCHANGE SnejanaSlantcheva PRIVATEHIGHEREDUCATIONINPOST-COMMUNISTEUROPE SverkerSörlin KNOWLEDGESOCIETYVS.KNOWLEDGEECONOMY BøjrnStensaker,JussiVälimaa,CláudiaS.Sarrico(editors) MANAGINGREFORMINUNIVERSITIES TheDynamicsofCulture,IdentityandOrganizationalChange VoldemarTomusk THEOPENWORLDANDCLOSEDSOCIETIES IssuesinHigherEducation SeriesStandingOrderISBN978–0–230–57816–6(hardback) (outsideNorthAmericaonly) You can receive future titles in this series as they are published by placing a standing order. Please contact your bookseller or, in case of difficulty, write to usattheaddressbelowwithyournameandaddress,thetitleoftheseriesand theISBNquotedabove. Customer Services Department, Macmillan Distribution Ltd, Houndmills, Basingstoke,HampshireRG216XS,England Managing Reform in Universities The Dynamics of Culture, Identity and Organizational Change Editedby Bjørn Stensaker UniversityofOslo,Norway Jussi Välimaa UniversityofJyväskylä,Finland and Cláudia S. Sarrico ISEG–SchoolofEconomicsandManagement, TechnicalUniversityofLisbon,Portugal Selectionandeditorialmatter©BjørnStensaker, JussiVälimaaandCláudiaS.Sarrico2012 Individualchapters©theirrespectiveauthors2012 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2012 978-0-230-30037-8 Allrightsreserved.Noreproduction,copyortransmissionofthis publicationmaybemadewithoutwrittenpermission. Noportionofthispublicationmaybereproduced,copiedortransmitted savewithwrittenpermissionorinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthe Copyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988,orunderthetermsofanylicence permittinglimitedcopyingissuedbytheCopyrightLicensingAgency, SaffronHouse,6–10KirbyStreet,LondonEC1N8TS. Anypersonwhodoesanyunauthorizedactinrelationtothispublication maybeliabletocriminalprosecutionandcivilclaimsfordamages. Theauthorshaveassertedtheirrightstobeidentifiedastheauthorsofthis workinaccordancewiththeCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988. Firstpublished2012by PALGRAVEMACMILLAN PalgraveMacmillanintheUKisanimprintofMacmillanPublishersLimited, registeredinEngland,companynumber785998,ofHoundmills,Basingstoke, HampshireRG216XS. PalgraveMacmillanintheUSisadivisionofStMartin’sPressLLC, 175FifthAvenue,NewYork,NY10010. PalgraveMacmillanistheglobalacademicimprintoftheabovecompanies andhascompaniesandrepresentativesthroughouttheworld. Palgrave®andMacmillan®areregisteredtrademarksintheUnitedStates, theUnitedKingdom,Europeandothercountries. ISBN 978-1-349-33620-3 ISBN 978-1-137-28429-7 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9781137284297 Thisbookisprintedonpapersuitableforrecyclingandmadefromfully managedandsustainedforestsources.Logging,pulpingandmanufacturing processesareexpectedtoconformtotheenvironmentalregulationsofthe countryoforigin. AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. AcatalogrecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheLibraryofCongress. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 Contents ListofFiguresandTables vii NotesonContributors viii 1 Introduction:HowIsChangeinHigherEducation Managed? 1 BjørnStensaker,MaryHenkel,JussiVälimaa&Cláudia S.Sarrico Part I HowtoMakeSenseofChange 2 Change,Leverage,SuasionandIntent:AnHistorical ExcursionAcrossThreeDecadesofChangeinHigher EducationinWesternEurope 19 GuyNeave 3 ChangeasanIntellectualDeviceandasanObjectof Research 41 TainaSaarinen&JussiVälimaa Part II TheDynamicsBetweenReformandCulture 4 UniversityStrategizing:TheRoleofEvaluationasa SensemakingTool 63 NicolineFrølich&BjørnStensaker 5 LettheDevilChoose:FrustrationorAnxietyintheWake ofPerformanceMeasurementinUniversities 81 CláudiaS.Sarrico&AnaI.Melo 6 TheChangingCultureofAcademicResearch:From OrganizationstoNetworks 98 AmyScottMetcalfe 7 IsThereaBridgeBetweenQualityandQualityAssurance? 114 MariaJ.Rosa&AlbertoAmaral v vi Contents 8 Students’PerceptionsofQualityAssessment:IsTherean OptionBesidesTreatingThemasConsumers? 135 SóniaCardoso 9 ExploringNewAcademicIdentitiesinTurbulentTimes 156 MaryHenkel Part III MaintainingIdentityThrough OrganizationalChange 10 ‘That’sDangerous’:AutonomousDevelopmentWorkasa SourceofRenewalinAcademia 179 KeijoRäsänen 11 TheInterplayofOrganizingModelsinHigherEducation: WhatRoomIsThereforCollegialityinUniversities CharacterizedbyBoundedAutonomy? 198 KerstinSahlin 12 TheManagementofAcademicCultureRevisited: IntegratingUniversitiesinanEntrepreneurialAge 222 DavidD.Dill 13 Conclusion:NewPracticesandIdentitiesasDriversof CulturalChange 238 JussiVälimaa,BjørnStensaker&CláudiaS.Sarrico Index 246 Figures and Tables Figures 3.1 Theoriesanddynamicsofchangeanddifferenttypesof highereducationpolicychange 53 3.2 TheBolognaProcessinhighereducationpolicy discussions:differentmetaphorsofchange 55 5.1 Frustrationandanxietyinuniversities 84 Tables 6.1 Canada’sInnovationStrategyandresearchreforms 105 6.2 Networktheoriesforthestudyofresearchcultureand infrastructure 111 10.1 Practicalactivity:agenericframeforinterpretation (revisedfromRäsänen,2009) 184 10.2 Questionsforthearticulationordescriptionof developmentalwork 188 10.3 Autonomousdevelopmentworkasadevelopmental approach 189 11.1 Institutionalerasofgovernance 206 11.2 Fourinstitutionalerasandfouridealstylesof management 213 vii Contributors Alberto Amaral is Head of the Portuguese Quality Agency. He is a professor at the University of Porto and a researcher at the Centre for Research in Higher Education Policies. He is a member of the editorial boardofQualityAssuranceinEducationandHigherEducationDynamics. Sónia Cardoso is currently with the Development and Analysis Office of the Agency for Assessment and Accreditation of Higher Education, Portugal. She is a researcher at the Centre for Research in Higher Edu- cation Policies. She has written and published on the participation of studentsinqualityactivitiesinhighereducation. David D. Dill is Professor Emeritus of Public Policy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA. His interests are public policy analysis, ethics and higher education policy. His books include (with Maarja Beerkens) Public Policy for Academic Quality (2010) and (with FransvanVught)NationalInnovationandtheAcademicResearchEnterprise (2010). Nicoline Frølich is a research professor at the Nordic Institute for Studies in Innovation, Research and Education, Oslo, Norway. Her research interests are related to public administration reform, gover- nance, leadership and funding in higher education. She has published in Public Administration, Higher Education, European Journal of Education andInternationalJournalofEducationManagement. Mary Henkel was a professor in the Department of Government, Pol- itics and History, Brunel University, UK. She has published books and articles in the fields of evaluation, higher education and science pol- icy. Her main research interests are in the academic profession, and academicvaluesandconceptionsofknowledge. Ana I. Meloisan assistant professorattheUniversityofAveiro.Sheis currently the coordinator of the degree in public and municipal man- agement. Her research interests lie in the areas of public management viii NotesonContributors ix reform, triple helix collaborative arrangements, and performance mea- surementandmanagementinpublicservices. AmyScottMetcalfeisanassociateprofessorintheDepartmentofEdu- cationalStudiesattheUniversityofBritishColumbia.Hermainresearch interestisresearchpolicy,particularlyinter-organizationalandinterna- tional linkages related to research, employment policy and the lived experiencesofacademicresearchers,andtheroleofresearchuniversities insociety. GuyNeave,ProfessorEmeritusattheCentreforHigherEducationPol- icy Studies, Twente University, the Netherlands, is currently Director of Research at the Centre for Research in Higher Education Policies, Matosinhos, Portugal. A foreign associate of the National Academy of Education of the United States of America, he is an historian by train- ing. He jointly edited with Burton R Clark the Encyclopedia of Higher Education(1992).HelivesinStGermainenLayeinFrance. Keijo Räsänen is Professor of Organization and Management at the Aalto University School of Economics, Helsinki. He is a member of the research group Management Education Research Initiative, which does participatory research in the practical activities of academics and students(http://management.aalto.fi/en/research/groups/meri/).Hehas alsostudieddevelopmentalworkinworkorganizations. Maria J. Rosa is an assistant professor at the University of Aveiro and a researcher at the Centre for Research in Higher Education Policies, Portugal. Her research interests are in quality management, especially issues of quality assurance in higher education. She is a member of the Consortium of Higher Education Researchers and of the Executive CommitteeoftheEuropeanAssociationofInstitutionalResearch. Taina Saarinen is a researcher and adjunct professor at the Centre for Applied Language Studies, University of Jyväskylä, Finland. Her main research interests are higher education policy, international- ization and language policy, currently from a Nordic and European perspective. Kerstin Sahlin is Professor of Management in the Department of Business Studies at Uppsala University, Sweden. In the years 2006– 2011 she was the Deputy Vice-Chancellor of Uppsala University.
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