Making Autocracy Work: Representation and Responsiveness in Modern China PDF
Preview Making Autocracy Work: Representation and Responsiveness in Modern China
MakingAutocracyWork Canmeaningfulrepresentationemergeinanauthoritariansetting?Ifso, how,when,andwhy?MakingAutocracyWorkidentifiesthetradeoffs associatedwithrepresentationinauthoritarianenvironmentsandthen teststhetheorythroughadetailedinquiryintothedynamicsofChina’s NationalPeople’sCongress(NPC,thecountry’shighestformalgovern- mentinstitution).RoryTruexarguesthattheChineseCommunistParty (CCP)isengineeringasystemof“representationwithinbounds”inthe NPC,encouragingdeputiestoreflecttheneedsoftheirconstituents,but onlyfornon-sensitiveissues.Thisallowstheregimetoaddresscitizen grievances while avoiding incendiary political activism.Data on NPC deputy backgrounds and behaviors are used to explore the nature of representationandincentivesinthisconstrainedsystem.Thebookchal- lengesexistingconceptionsofrepresentation,authoritarianism,andthe future of the Chinese state.Consultative institutions like the NPC are keytomakingautocracywork. Rory Truex is Assistant Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University. His research focuses on Chinese politics and authoritariansystems.Hisworkhasbeenpublishedintoppoliticalsci- ence journals,including the American Political Science Review,Com- parativePoliticalStudies,andTheChinaQuarterly,andfeaturedinthe WallStreetJournalandTheNewYorkTimes.Heisthefounderofthe Princeton in Asia Summer of Service program, which annually sends PrincetonundergraduatestoruralChinatorunanEnglishimmersion programforlocalstudents.HecurrentlyresidesinPhiladelphia. Downloaded from http:/www.cambridge.org/core. , on 16 Nov 2016 at 08:19:49, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at http:/www.cambridge.org/core/terms. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781316771785 CambridgeStudiesinComparativePolitics GeneralEditor MargaretLevi UniversityofWashington,Seattle AssistantGeneralEditors KathleenThelen MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology ErikWibbels DukeUniversity AssociateEditors RobertH.Bates HarvardUniversity StephenHanson UniversityofWashington,Seattle TorbenIversen HarvardUniversity StathisKalyvas YaleUniversity PeterLange DukeUniversity HelenMilner PrincetonUniversity FrancesRosenbluth YaleUniversity SusanStokes YaleUniversity SidneyTarrow CornellUniversity OtherBooksintheSeries ChristopherAdolph,Bankers,Bureaucrats,andCentralBankPolitics:TheMyth ofNeutrality MichaelAlbertus,AutocracyandRedistribution:ThePoliticsofLandReform BenW.Ansell,FromtheBallottotheBlackboard:TheRedistributivePolitical EconomyofEducation BenW.Ansell,DavidJ.Samuels,InequalityandDemocratization:An Elite-CompetitionApproach LeonardoR.Arriola,Multi-EthnicCoalitionsinAfrica:BusinessFinancingof OppositionElectionCampaigns DavidAusten-Smith,JeffryA.Frieden,MiriamA.Golden,KarlOveMoene,and AdamPrzeworski,eds.,SelectedWorksofMichaelWallerstein:ThePolitical EconomyofInequality,Unions,andSocialDemocracy AndyBaker,TheMarketandtheMassesinLatinAmerica:PolicyReformand ConsumptioninLiberalizingEconomies Continuedaftertheindex Downloaded from http:/www.cambridge.org/core. , on 16 Nov 2016 at 08:19:49, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at http:/www.cambridge.org/core/terms. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781316771785 Making Autocracy Work Representation and Responsiveness in Modern China RORY TRUEX Downloaded from http:/www.cambridge.org/core. , on 16 Nov 2016 at 08:19:49, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at http:/www.cambridge.org/core/terms. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781316771785 OneLibertyPlaza,NewYork,NY10006,USA CambridgeUniversityPressispartoftheUniversityofCambridge. ItfurtherstheUniversity’smissionbydisseminatingknowledgeinthepursuitof education,learning,andresearchatthehighestinternationallevelsofexcellence. www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9781107172432 ©RoryTruex2016 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2016 PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmericabySheridanBooks,Inc. AcatalogrecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. ISBN978-1-107-17243-2Hardback ISBN978-1-316-62370-1Paperback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracy ofURLsforexternalorthird-partyInternetWebsitesreferredtointhispublication anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuchWebsitesis,orwillremain, accurateorappropriate. Downloaded from http:/www.cambridge.org/core. , on 16 Nov 2016 at 08:19:49, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at http:/www.cambridge.org/core/terms. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781316771785 To those who step out Downloaded from http:/www.cambridge.org/core. , on 16 Nov 2016 at 08:19:50, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at http:/www.cambridge.org/core/terms. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781316771785 Downloaded from http:/www.cambridge.org/core. , on 16 Nov 2016 at 08:19:50, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at http:/www.cambridge.org/core/terms. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781316771785 Contents ListofFigures pageix ListofTables xi Acknowledgments xiii 1 Introduction 1 2 ATheoryofAuthoritarianRepresentation 15 3 DoestheNPCMatter? 46 4 TestingRepresentation 75 5 GettingAhead 103 6 TheReturnstoOffice 132 7 TheEvolutionoftheNPC 158 8 Conclusion 176 References 191 Index 207 vii Downloaded from http:/www.cambridge.org/core. , on 16 Nov 2016 at 08:19:49, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at http:/www.cambridge.org/core/terms. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781316771785 Downloaded from http:/www.cambridge.org/core. , on 16 Nov 2016 at 08:19:49, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at http:/www.cambridge.org/core/terms. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781316771785 Figures 1.1 Variationinlegislativeinstitutions(1960–2008) page3 1.2 Thespectrumofrepresentation 8 2.1 Authoritarianpolicymakingwithincompleteinformation 18 2.2 Authoritarianpolicymakingwithrepresentation 21 2.3 Representationgameequilibriumoutcomes–no preferences 24 2.4 Representationgameequilibriumoutcomes–strong preferences 26 2.5 Understandingtheroleofdeputyempathy(γ) 29 2.6 Understandingtheroleofdeputyrents(r ) 30 D 2.7 Increaseindeputyparticipation(tenthandeleventhNPCs) 32 3.1 FormalinstitutionalstructureofthePeople’sRepublicof China 51 3.2 Economicdevelopmentandlegislativetransparency 57 3.3 RepresentativenessoftheHainancase 66 3.4 Citizenperceptionsoftheproposalprocess 72 4.1 Perceivedseriousnessoftheenvironmentalissue 84 4.2 Bivariaterelationshipsbyissue(provincial-levelanalysis) 86 4.3 Exploringtemporalvariation–weakpreferenceissues 91 4.4 Exploringtemporalvariation–strongpreferenceissues 93 4.5 Testingtheeliteechoingcriticism 96 5.1 ElectionsinthePeople’sCongresssystem 107 5.2 Samplematchedpair 114 5.3 Proposalsandcareeroutcomes 115 6.1 EffectsofNPCmembershiponfirmfinancialperformance 140 6.2 Conditioningeffectonstateownershipandrevenue 142 ix Downloaded from http:/www.cambridge.org/core. , on 16 Nov 2016 at 08:19:50, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at http:/www.cambridge.org/core/terms. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781316771785
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