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Make: LEGO and Arduino Projects: Projects for extending MINDSTORMS NXT with open-source electronics PDF

328 Pages·2012·106.31 MB·English
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Make: Lego and Arduino Projects John Baichtal, Matthew Beckler & Adam Wolf Sebastopol Make: Lego and Arduino Projects by John Baichtal, Matthew Beckler & Adam Wolf Copyright © 2013 John Baichtal, Matthew Beckler, and Adam Wolf. All rights reserved. Printed in Canada. Published by Maker Media, Inc., 1005 Gravenstein Highway North, Sebastopol, CA 95472. Maker Media books may be purchased for educational, business, or sales promotional use. Online editions are also avail- able for most titles (my.safaribooksonline.com). For more information, contact our corporate/institutional sales department: 800-998-9938 or [email protected]. Editors: Dale Dougherty and Brian Jepson Cover Designers: Mark Paglietti and Randy Comer Development Editor: Brian Jepson Interior Designer: Ron Bilodeau Production Editor: Kristen Borg Production Services: Peter Amirault Proofreader: nSight, Inc. Illustrators: Matthew Beckler, Rebecca Demarest Indexer: WordCo Indexing Services Cover Photographer: Adam Wolf December 2012: First Edition. Revision History for the 1st Edition: 2012-11-14 First release 2013-02-22 Second release See http://oreilly.com/catalog/errata.csp?isbn=0636920024316 for release details. Make logo and Maker Media logos are registered trademarks of Maker Media, Inc. Many of the designations used by manu- facturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and Maker Media, Inc., was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in caps or initial caps. While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the publisher and authors assume no responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein. ISBN: 978-1-449-32106-2 [TI] Contents Foreword.. .. ..... .... .... . ... ..... .. ..... .. .... vii Preface.. ... ...... ... ... . ... . .. ..... .. ...... .. ... ix 1.. Project:.Drawbot... ..... .... ..... ... ...... .. ... 1 Parts List ..................................................................... 2 Assembly Instructions ....................................................... 6 Program the Robot .........................................................24 The Next Chapter ...........................................................29 2..Anatomy.of.Lego.Robotics...... ........ .... 31 Mindstorms .................................................................32 Expanding on the Mindstorms Set .........................................39 Programming Your Brick ....................................................45 The Next Chapter ...........................................................47 3..Arduino.Interlude.. .. ...... ....... ...... .. .... 49 History of the Arduino Project ..............................................50 What Is OSHW? .............................................................51 Anatomy of the Uno ........................................................53 The Arduino Ecosystem .....................................................56 Arduino Resources ..........................................................62 The Next Chapter ...........................................................67 iii  4..Project:.Clock........ ....... ..... ... ...... . ... 69 Parts List ....................................................................70 Assembly Instructions ......................................................74 Program the Robot .........................................................88 Setting the Clock............................................................91 The Next Chapter ...........................................................91 5..Project:.Chocolate.Milk.Maker..... ........ 93 Parts List ....................................................................94 Assembly Instructions ......................................................98 Program the Robot ....................................................... 127 The Next Chapter ......................................................... 133 6..Basic.Electronic.Theory... ....... ....... ... 135 Basic Concepts in Electricity .............................................. 135 Know Your Electronic Components ....................................... 140 Sensors 101 ............................................................... 145 Further Study ............................................................. 152 7..Gripperbot...... ......... ..... ... ..... .... .... 155 Parts List .................................................................. 157 Building Instructions ...................................................... 161 Assembling the Gripperbot’s Electronics ................................. 191 Programming the Gripperbot ............................................ 192 The Next Chapter ......................................................... 201 8..Project:.Keytar.... ........ ...... ... ...... .. . 203 Parts List .................................................................. 204 Assembly Instructions .................................................... 208 Program the Keytar ....................................................... 230 Play Some Music! ......................................................... 234 The Next Chapter ......................................................... 235 9..Project:.Lamp... ........... ... ..... ... .... ... 237 Parts List .................................................................. 238 Assembly Instructions .................................................... 243 Program the Lamp ........................................................ 275 The Next Chapter ......................................................... 281 iv Contents  10.. Advanced.Techniques... .......... ...... . 283 Wiring Up Bricktronics Equivalents ....................................... 283 Mounting PCBs to Legos .................................................. 288 Adding Molex Connectors to Lego Wires ................................. 290 All About Motors .......................................................... 291 Powering Your Robot ..................................................... 294 NXT to Arduino Communication ......................................... 298 XBee Wireless Modules ................................................... 302 Epilogue .................................................................. 304 Index......... ... ..... . ... . ... ..... .... .... .... 305 Contents v Foreword Remember the initial excitement of experimenting with Lego robotics? It felt like the entire universe was open to you! With so many robots to build to tackle interesting challenges, perform experiments, and make interesting algorithms, the possibilities were endless. From modifying some bricks with LEDs, to gluing assemblies together to make your robot better, robot building with Legos is an exciting experience. One of my personal favorite experiments with Lego robotics was conducting an experiment to determine if using a light sensor or touch sensor (which was calibrated with springs using Hooke's law) would be better for counting pills. Between the real world applications, as well as the scientific method applied behind it, it ended up winning two gold medals at my high school and regional science fairs. In order to accelerate towards more advanced experiments in robotics, using the RCX 2.0 was not a viable solution. The lack of ability to interface to various sensors and actuators was a major roadblock, so I adventured into the land of Arduino! Since then, my mind has been opened up to even more interesting areas of robotics. The journey of learning about robotics is interesting and never-ending. This book will be a huge help to springboard you into more in-depth robotics. Not only will you be able to make more sophisticated robots vii  that tackle more complex challenges or perform more elaborate experiments, but you will have a better opportunity to discover which area of robotics you enjoy the most, whether it's programming, electrical, mechanical, or design and implementation. As you embark on your new Lego robots that utilize Arduino, it will feel like the entire universe is open to you again, with even more galaxies to explore! Embrace this, as you never know where your next robotic creation may take you. Maybe it will be like RoboBrrd, from a prototype to a kit, inspiring even more robot builders. Be sure to share your excitement for robots with your friends or an online community. Remember, robots teach us about ourselves, how we think, behave, and act. Welcome to the awesome world of robotics! Now get on with the learning and advance your robots to the next step! — Erin "RobotGrrl" Kennedy viii Foreword

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