Magnesium Alloys - Design, Processing and Properties

538 Pages·2011·18.87 MB·English

by  Frank Czerwinski (Editor)

MAGNESIUM ALLOYS (cid:883)
DESIGN, PROCESSING
AND PROPERTIES
Edited by Frank Czerwinski
Magnesium Alloys - Design, Processing and Properties
Edited by Frank Czerwinski
Published by InTech
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First published January, 2011
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Magnesium Alloys - Design, Processing and Properties, Edited by Frank Czerwinski
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Contents
Preface IX
Chapter 1 Hardening and Softening in Magnesium Alloys 1
Pavel Lukáč and Zuzanka Trojanová
Chapter 2 Deformation Structures
and Recrystallization in Magnesium Alloys 21
Étienne Martin, Raj K. Mishra and John J. Jonas
Chapter 3 Mechanisms of Plastic Deformation
in AZ31 Magnesium Alloy Investigated
by Acoustic Emission and Electron Microscopy 43
Miloš Janeček and František Chmelík
Chapter 4 Thermo - Physical Properties of Iron - Magnesium Alloys 69
Krisztina Kádas, Hualei Zhang, Börje Johansson,
Levente Vitos and Rajeev Ahuja
Chapter 5 Precipitates of γ–Mg17Al12 Phase in AZ91 Alloy 95
Katarzyna N. Braszczyńska-Malik
Chapter 6 Evaluation Method for Mean Stress Effect
on Fatigue Limit of Non-Combustible Mg Alloy 113
Kazunori MORISHIGE, Yuna MAEDA,
Shigeru HAMADA and Hiroshi NOGUCHI
Chapter 7 Fatigue Endurance of Magnesium Alloys 129
Mariana Kuffová
Chapter 8 Ultrasonic Grain Refinement
of Magnesium and Its Alloys 163
M. Qian and A. Ramirez
Chapter 9 Bulk Ultrafine-Grained Magnesium Alloys by SPD
Processing: Technique, Microstructures and Properties 187
Jinghua JIANG and Aibin MA
VI Contents
Chapter 10 Mechanical Properties of Fine-Grained
Magnesium Alloys Processed by Severe Plastic Forging 219
Taku Sakai and Hiromi Miura
Chapter 11 Grain Refinement of Magnesium Alloy by Multiaxial
Alternative Forging and Hydrogenation Treatment 245
Kunio Funami and Masafumi Noda
Chapter 12 Improving the Properties of Magnesium Alloys
for High Temperature Applications 265
Kaveh Meshinchi Asl
Chapter 13 Microstructure and Properties
of Elektron 21 Magnesium Alloy 281
Andrzej Kiełbus
Chapter 14 Magnesium Sheet; Challenges and Opportunities 297
Faramarz Zarandi and Stephen Yue
Chapter 15 Contemporary Forming Methods of the Structure
and Properties of Cast Magnesium Alloys 321
Leszek Adam Dobrzański, Tomasz Tański, Szymon Malara,
Mariusz Król and Justyna Domagała-Dubiel
Chapter 16 The Recent Research on Properties of Anti-High
Temperature Creep of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy 351
Xiulan Ai and Gaofeng Quan
Chapter 17 Hot Forming Characteristics of Magnesium Alloy AZ31
and Three-Dimensional FE Modeling and Simulation
of the Hot Splitting Spinning Process 367
He Yang, Liang Huang and Mei Zhan
Chapter 18 Study on Thixotropic Plastic Forming
of Wrought Magnesium Alloy 389
Hong Yan
Chapter 19 Study on Semi-solid Magnesium Alloys Slurry
Preparation and Continuous Roll-casting Process 407
Shuisheng Xie, Youfeng He and Xujun Mi
Chapter 20 Design and Development
of High-Performance Eco-Mg Alloys 431
Shae K. Kim
Chapter 21 Welding and Joining of Magnesium Alloys 469
Frank Czerwinski
Contents VII
Chapter 22 High Strength Magnesium Matrix
Composites Reinforced with Carbon Nanotube 491
Yasuo Shimizu
Chapter 23 Magnesium Alloys Based Composites 501
Zuzanka Trojanová, Zoltán Száraz,
Peter Palček and Mária Chalupová

Preface
The global manufacturing using light metals is on the edge of substantial growth and
opportunity. Among light metals of strategic importance that include titanium, alumi-
num and magnesium the latt er one with its density of 1.74 g/cm3 is the lightest metal,
commonly used for structural purposes. In addition to low density, magnesium is rec-
ognized for its high strength to weight ratio, high electrical and thermal conductivity,
vibration damping, biocompatibility, recycling potential and esthetics. Magnesium is
used in the form of alloys and usually subjected to casting, rolling, extruding or forg-
ing. Further fabrication frequently involves a wide range of operations such as form-
ing, joining, machining, heat treatment or surface engineering.
In parallel with application expansion there is also tremendous interest in magnesium
research at academic and industrial levels. A number of conferences devoted to mag-
nesium and research papers published indicate that magnesium-related activities are
present at large number of universities and government institutions. Recent downturn
in economy that reduced industrial research contributions shift ed more responsibil-
ity to academia. There is also a shift in geography of research activities. An essential
change in global location of primary magnesium production which took place in late
90s and its transfer to Asia is followed by expansion of magnesium research there.
Despite the progress, there are still challenges which limit use of magnesium. They
include oft en not suffi cient creep resistance at elevated temperatures, low formability
at room temperature, poor castability of some alloys, especially those with reactive
elements, general corrosion resistance or electrochemical corrosion in joints with dis-
similar metals. The breakthrough in that areas would remove the presently existing
application barriers.
This book was created by contributions from experts in diff erent fi elds of magnesium
science and technology from over 20 research centers. It off ers a broad review of recent
global developments in theory and practical applications of magnesium alloys. The
volume covers fundamental aspects of alloy strengthening, recrystallization, details
of microstructure and a unique role of grain refi nement. Due to the importance of
grain size, its refi nement methods such as ultrasonic and multi-axial deformation are
considered. The theory is linked with elements of alloy design and specifi c properties
including fatigue and creep resistance. Several chapters are devoted to alloy process-
ing and component manufacturing stages and cover sheet rolling, semi-solid forming,
welding and joining. Finally, an opportunity of creation of metal matrix composites
based on magnesium matrix is described, along with carbon nanotubes as an eff ective
X Preface
reinforcement. At the end of each chapter there is a rich selection of references, useful
for further reading.
A combination of fundamentals, advanced knowledge, theory as well as intricate tech-
nological details makes the book very useful for a broad audience of scientists and
engineers from academia and industry. I anticipate this book will also att ract readers
from outside the magnesium fi eld, not only to generate genuine interest but also to cre-
ate new application opportunities for this promising light metal.
December 2010
Frank Czerwinski
Bolton, Ontario,
Canada
[email protected]