Madhya Bharati, मध्य भारती: Bilingual Research Journal of Humanities & Social Sciences

266 Pages·2017·13.764 MB·Hindi & English

by  A D Sharma (Chief Editor)

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Vr   ‘
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a   ¶
m  
 
^  
  ^
¶   m
 
Ü   aV
‘  
  r
 
 
 
 
 
 

e/; Hkkjrh
ekufodh ,oa lektfoKku dh f}Hkk"kh 'kks/k&if=kdk
ISSN 0974-0066
¼vad&73] tqykbZ&fnlEcj] 2017½
laj{kd
izks- jk?kosUnz ih- frokjh
dqyifr
iz/kku lEiknd
izks- vfEcdknÙk 'kekZ
lEiknd
izks- fuosfnrk eS=kk
MkW- iadt prqosZnh
MkW- vk'kqrks"k dqekj feJ
izcU/k lEiknd
MkW- Nfcy dqekj esgsj
MkWDVj gjhflag xkSj fo'ofo|ky;
lkxj ¼e/;izns'k½ & 470003
nwjHkk"k % ¼07582½ 264455
bZ&esy % [email protected]
lEikndh; ijke'kZ e.My
(cid:103) izks- ohjsUnz eksgu] fgUnh foHkkx
(cid:103) izks- ,-,u- 'kekZ] ekuo'kkL=k foHkkx
(cid:103)izks- ih-ih- flag] fof/k foHkkx
(cid:103)izks- czts'k dqekj JhokLro] bfrgkl foHkkx
(cid:103)MkW- vuqiek dkSf'kd] jktuhfr'kkL=k foHkkx
e/; Hkkjrh
ekufodh ,oa lektfoKku dh f}Hkk"kh 'kks/k&if=kdk
vad&73] tqykbZ&fnlEcj] 2017
ISSN 0974-0066 ¼iwoZ&lehf{kr v)Zokf"kZd 'kks/k&if=kdk½
MkWDVj gjhflag xkSj fo'ofo|ky;] lkxj ¼e-iz-½
;w-th-lh- }kjk ekU; if=kdkvksa dh lwph ¼i-la-&48918½ esa lfEefyrA
izdkf'kr jpukvksa ds vfHker ls MkWDVj gjhflag xkSj fo'ofo|ky;] lkxj
;k lEikndksa dh lgefr vfuok;Z ugha gSA
lEikndh; i=k O;ogkj %
e/; Hkkjrh
MkWDVj gjhflag xkSj fo'ofo|ky;
lkxj & 470003 ¼e-iz-½
u 00@& 0@&
d vto 20 400 nwjHkk"k % ¼07582½ 264455
# #
dkh - - bZ&esy % [email protected]
Y v
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rk 0@& 0@&
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lnLkq ir #1 #2 vkoj.k % MkW- Nfcy dqekj esgsj
a
zf rxr- xr-
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LFkk
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O veu izdk'ku
a
dVjk ued eaMh] lkxj ¼e-iz-½
vuqØef.kdk
xk¡/kh vkSj mRrj&xk¡/kh loksZn;h&foe'kZ 5
vkHkk uouh
f'k'kqikyo/k esa fpf=kr izd`fr&fp=k.k 27
ih- Mh- flag
dkO; ds fud"k ij mÙkj jke 49
vk'kqrks"k
Hkkjrh; efgykvksa ds jktuSfrd l'kDrhdj.k esa usg: dh Hkwfedk 58
vuqiek dkSf'kd
uo&mnkjoknh lekt] ehfM;k vkSj L=kh 70
vkdka{kk
laxhr fpfdRlk ,oa raf=kdkra=k foKku 75
vo/ks'k izrki flag rksej
g~okbVgsM dk izfØ;k n'kZu 83
lqpsrk 'kqDyk
foV~xsULVkbu ds Hkk"kk&[ksy vkSj /kqjh fuf'prrk dk uhfr'kkL=kh; ifjizs{; 92
eats'k dqekj
tSu n'kZu esa vkRek vkSj mldk Kkr`Ùo 97
lfpUnz tSu
^frygjh* ,d uohu izkxSfrgkfld iqjkLFky110
lqYrku lykgqn~nhu
iwoZ e/;dkyhu Hkkjr dh pansyoa'kh; vFkZO;oLFkk 122
- -
vkj ih flag ,oa fo'kky foØe flag
ledkyhu ;qokvksa esa QS'ku vkSj O;fDrRo fodkl131
vfurk flag
lkEiznkf;drk dk cnyrk Lo:i vkSj ledkyhu dgkuh 137
lq'khy dqekj xxZ
csgrj izca/ku ls cnysxh d`f"k dh rLohj 144
ds'ko Vsdke ,oa rqylhjke ngk;r
'ke'ksj dh dkO; laosnuk % izse vkSj Je dk lkSan;Z 150
foosdkuan mik/;k;
Integral Humanism and Sustainable Development Goals 164
Ashok Modak
Mapping the Ganges : Critical Reflections on Selected 178
Contemporary Poems of the Ganga
Nikunja Kishore Das
Philosophy's Interdisciplinary Relevance 196
Ravindra K. S. Choudhary
Technique of Teaching Indian Philosophy :
204
Dialogue and Dialectic
Ashok Vohra
Unique Traditional Significance of Ginger in the Zeliangrong 213
Community
Asongpou
Alamkara and Discursive Formation in Modern British Poetry 219
Sachin Singh
Judicial Approach Towards Demonetization : A More 226
to Be Done
Krishna Kumar and Gautam Prasad
Reflections on Human Rights Violations of Women in India 235
Archita Singh
An Evaluation of Benedict Spinoza's Descriptive Ethics 247
Sony Perwin
Notation Systems of Sitar Music in Mid 19th and 20th Century 254
Siddharth S. Shukla
xk¡/kh vkSj mRrj&xk¡/kh loksZn;h&foe'kZ
vkHkk uouh
xk¡/kh th us ^loksZn;* 'kCn dk iz;ksx loZizFke lu~ 1908 esa fd;k FkkA bl 'kCn dk iz;ksx mUgksaus
tkWu jfLdu dh iqLrd vUVw fnl ykLV (Unto This Last) ds xqtjkrh vuqokn ds 'kh"kZd esa fd;k FkkA
rcls ;g 'kCn xk¡/khoknh lkfgR; esa ;=k&r=k n`f"Vxr gksrk gSA /khjs&/khjs ;g 'kCn xk¡/khokn dk izfr:i gks
x;k gSA ^loksZn;* fo'o dh leL;kvksa rFkk HkkSfrdoknh txr ,oa vk/kqfudrk dh cqjkb;ksa ds lek/kku ds
fy, xk¡/khoknh uqL[kk gSA ^loksZn;* dk 'kkfCnd vFkZ gS ^lcdk dY;k.k*A ^lcdk dY;k.k* dh Hkkouk ls
izsfjr ^loksZn;* ,d vkn'kZ lkekftd O;oLFkk dh vfHkO;fDr gS ftldk vk/kkj izse gSA ;gh izse loksZn;
vkanksyu dh i`"BHkwfe esa jgk gSA ^loksZn;* ,d vkanksyu ds lkFk gh lkFk ,d vkn'kZ Hkh gSA ,d vkn'kZ ds
:i esa ^loksZn;* vk/kqfudrk ds izfr udkjkRed n`f"Vdks.k izdV djrk gSA
loksZn;h fopkj/kkjk ds ln`'k xk¡/kh th dh izFke egÙoiw.kZ jpuk ^fgUn Lojkt* tks xk¡/khokn dk
lkj gS] vk/kqfudrk ds izfr udkjkRed n`f"Vdks.k izdV djrh gSA ^fgUn Lojkt* esa u dsoy vk/kqfud
lH;rk ds vuSfrd igyqvksa dk gh ugha oju~ bldh laLFkkvksa dk fojks/k ,oa migkl Hkh fd;k x;k gSA bl
n`f"V ls ^fgUn Lojkt* ds lkj dh rqyuk :lks dh jpuk ^, fMLdkslZ vkWu n ekSjy bQsDV~l vkWQ n vkVZ~l
,.M lkblsal* (A Discourse on the Moral Effects of the Arts and Sciences) rFkk ^, fMLlVsZ'ku
vkWu n vkWfjftu vkWQ bUbDosfyvh vkWQ eSudkbUM* (A Dissertation on the Origin and
Foundation of Inequality of Mankind) ds izFke Hkkx esa dj ldrs gSaA1
^fgUn Lojkt* esa vkS|ksfxdrkoknh ,oa vk/kqfudrkoknh fojks/kh fopkj/kkjk loZ=k n`f"Vxr gksrh
gSA bldk izeq[k dkj.k ;g Fkk fd xk¡/kh th izkFkfed :i ls uSfrdoknh O;fDr FksA bl n`f"V ls muds fopkj
:lks ds led{k FksA uSfrdoknh ,oa /kkfeZd O;fDr gksus ds dkj.k xk¡/kh th dk ,dek=k lcls cM+h fpUrk
O;fDr dh uSfrd Lora=krk dh FkhA ;gh dkj.k gS fd mUgksaus fgalk dk ekxZ viukrs gq, O;fDr;ksa ds }kjk
vius vf/kdkjksa dks gkfly djus dh i)fr dks vuqfpr crk;k FkkA os O;fDr;ksa ds vf/kdkjksa dh vis{kk
muds dÙkZO;ksa ij cgqr tksj nsrs FksA muds fopkjksa esa fdlh O;fDr dks vf/kdkjksa dh nqfu;k eas dÙkZO;ksa ds }kj
ls izos'k djuk gksxkA rHkh rks mUgksaus lu~ 1833 esa baXyS.M esa turk }kjk fgald rjhdksa ls er nsus ds
2
vf/kdkj dh HkRlZuk dh FkhA mUgksaus bl lanHkZ esa fVIi.kh dh Fkh fd lPps vf/kdkj rks dÙkZO; ds Qy gSaA
fgalk ds }kjk izkIr vf/kdkj rks mudh n`f"V esa HkkSfrd lq[k FkkA os ,sls HkkSfrd lq[k ls vf/kd uSfrdrk dks
egÙo nsrs FksA uSfrdrk ;k uhfr dk ikyu dÙkZO; ls tqM+s gq, gS vkSj ;gh fdlh lH;rk ds ewy esa gSA xk¡/kh
e/; Hkkjrh&73] tqykbZ&fnlEcj] 2017] ISSN 0974-0066, pp. 5-26
6@e/; Hkkjrh
th dk ekuuk Fkk ^lH;rk og vkpj.k gS ftlls vkneh viuk QtZ vnk djrk gSA QtZ vnk djus ds ekus
3
gSa uhfr dk ikyu djukA uhfr ds ikyu dk eryc gS vius eu vkSj bfUnz;ksa dks cl esa j[kukA* ;gh
cqfu;knh fopkj nwljs xk¡/khoknh ekSfyd fl)kUrksa dh :ijs[kk fu/kkZfjr djrs gSaA ;s ekSfyd fl)kUr Fks &
vkRe cy] O;fDrxr lq/kkj] Lo&R;kx] Lo vuq'kklu rFkk izkphu Hkkjrh; xk¡o ij vk/kkfjr Hkkjr dh
iqujZpukA
;g loZfofnr gS fd xk¡/kh th }kjk ^fgUn Lojkt* esa vfHkO;Dr fopkjksa esa dksbZ ekSfyd ifjorZu
ugha vk;k FkkA fQj Hkh tSls&tSls le; chrrk x;k oSls&oSls fofHkUu fopkj/kkjkvksa&mnkjokn] cqf)okn]
vk/kqfudrkoknh] lkE;okn rFkk lektokn us xk¡/khokn ds udkjkRed igyw dks ifj"d`r fd;kA O;ogkj esa
xk¡/khokn ds udkjkRed igyw usiF; esa pys x;sA ,slk xk¡/kh th ds Hkkjrh; jktuhfr esa izos'k ds lkFk gqvkA
mUgsa vius ,sls udkjkRed fopkjksa dks :ikUrfjr djuk iM+kA ;g le; ds vuqdwy Hkh Fkk vkSj blesa
cqf)eÙkk Hkh FkhA lu~ 1917 esa xqtjkr jktuhfrd lEesyu (Gujarat Political Conference) ds
v/;{kh; Hkk"k.k esa mUgksaus Hkkjro"kZ ds fy, lalnh; ljdkj dh ek¡x dh Fkh tcfd ^fgUn Lojkt* esa fczfV'k
lalnh; O;oLFkk ij mUgksaus vk{ksi yxk;s FksA iqu% lu~ 1920 esa mUgksaus ?kks"k.kk dh Fkh fd vk/kqfud vFkksZa esa
4
muds LojkT; dk vFkZ gS dqN le; ds fy, Hkkjro"kZ dh lalnh; ljdkjA mlh Hkk¡fr vkS|ksfxd lH;rk
dh laLFkkvksa ds laca/k esa Hkh muds fopkj :ikUrfjr gq, FksA mUgksaus le; cpkus okyh e'khu ¼tSls flaxj
flykbZ e'khu½ mi;ksxh ekuh FkhA os pkgrs Fks fd feyekfyd VªLVh ;k U;klh ds :i esa dke djsaA ;g
:ikUrj.k jk"Vªh; usrk ds :i esa xk¡/kh th esa gqvk Fkk u fd xk¡/kh esa O;fDr ds :i esaA rHkh rks xk¡/kh th
1909 esa fy[kh iqLrd ^fgUn Lojkt* esa vfHkO;Dr fopkjksa esa dqN Hkh ifjorZu ugha pkgrs FksA lu~ 1921 esa
xk¡/kh th us fy[kk Fkk fd os ^fgUn Lojkt* esa fyf[kr fdlh Hkh ckr dks okil ysus dks rS;kj ugha gSaA ^blesa
ls ¼fgUn Lojkt½ eSaus flQZ ,d gh 'kCn & vkSj og ,d efgyk fe=k dh bPNk dks eku dj jí fd;k gS( blds
5
flok vkSj dksbZ Qsjcny eSaus blesa ugha fd;k gSA* ^;gk¡ rd fd lu~ 1938 esa*] tSlk egknso nslkbZ us fy[kk
Fkk] ^os bl iqLrd esa ls dqN Hkh cnyuk ugha pkgrs Fks] flok; fd lEHkor% iqLrd ds dqN Hkkx dh
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Hkk"kk dksA*
^fgUn Lojkt* esa vfHkO;Dr vius fopkjksa esa vfMx jgus okys xk¡/kh th us le; dh vko';drk
ds vuqlkj jk"Vªh; vkanksyu ds nkSjku nkseq[kh ekin.M viuk;k FkkA igys ekin.M dk Lo:i jktuhfrd
Fkk ftldk mUgksaus jk"Vªh; vkanksyu ds nkSjku fczfV'k lkezkT;okn ds fo#) mi;ksx fd;k FkkA nwljk
ekin.M mudk vkJe thou dk FkkA jk"Vªh; vkanksyu ds nkSjku mUgksaus tks la?k"kZ dh jktuhfr viuk;h Fkh
og iw.kZ :i ls ;FkkFkZoknh FkhA vkJe dk thou iw.kZ :i ls vkn'kZoknh FkkA Lora=krk&izkfIr ¼1947½ ds
i'pkr~ xk¡/kh th ds fy, Hkkjrh; jk"Vªh; dkaxzsl dk jktuhfrd Lo:i de egÙoiw.kZ jg x;k FkkA xk¡/kh th
;g dgus yxs Fks fd Hkkjrh; jk"Vªh; dkaxszl dk jktuhfrd ny ds :i esa fo?kVu dj fn;k tk;A lHkh
dkaxzsltuksa dks loksZn;h vkn'kZ ds dk;kZUo;u esa yxk fn;k tk;A nqHkkZX;o'k lu~ 1948 esa xk¡/kh th dh e`R;q
ds lkFk gh bl dk;Z esa O;o/kku iM+ x;k FkkA fQj Hkh vkn'kZoknh xk¡/khokfn;ksa us egkRek ds vkn'kZ dks
thfor j[kus ds fy, vius ladYi dks n`<+rk ls LFkk;h j[kkA blh vkn'kZ ls izsfjr gksdj 30 tuojh 1950
dks loksZn; ;kstuk lfefr (Sarvodaya Planning Committee) us loksZn; ;kstuk ds fl)kUrksa dks jk"Vª
ds le{k izLrqr fd;kA bu fl)kUrksa dks dk;Z:i esa ifj.kr fd;k Fkk fouksck Hkkos us Hkwnku vkanksyu vkjaHk
djdsA vizSy 1951 esa fouksck Hkkos us rsyaxkuk esa lkE;okfn;ksa dh xfrfof/k;ksa ds izfrfØ;k Lo:i Hkwnku
xk¡/kh vkSj mRrj&xk¡/kh loksZn;h&foe'kZ@7
vkanksyu vkjaHk fd;k FkkA Hkwnku us loksZn; dks vkanksyu dk Lo:i iznku fd;k vkSj xk¡/kh th blds ¼Hkwnku
ds½ vkn'kZ FksA 30 tuojh 1955 dks loksZn; ;kstuk lfefr us loksZn; rFkk loksZn;h lkekftd O;oLFkk ds
rjhdksa vkSj dk;ZØeksa dks le>kus ds fy, Iykfuax QkWj loksZn; (Planning for Savodaya) izdkf'kr dh
FkhA ;g uo&xk¡/khokn dh ckbfcy gSA blesa Hkkoh lekt ds Lo:i dh dYiuk dh x;h gS ftlesa izse
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loksZifj gS vkSj ftlesa lcdk Hkyk lekfgr gSA
loksZn;h fu;kstd vius vkn'kZ dh dkYifud izo`fÙk ds izfr vpsru ugha FksA mUgsa ;g fofnr Fkk
fd ,slk vkn'kZoknh fp=k izLrqr djus ds fy, mu ij dkYifud gksus dk vkjksi yxsxkA loksZn;h fu;kstdksa
us vihy dh Fkh fd tks Hkh fopkj vfHkO;Dr fd;s x;s gSa ;fn ;s LoIu dh Hkk¡fr gS rc Hkh O;fDr bl LoIu
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dks iwjk djus dk xEHkhj iz;kl djsxkA fdl izdkj bl vkn'kZ lekt dks izkIr fd;k tk;sxk\ blds fy,
loksZn; fu;kstdksa us ,d ifjorZu dky dh ;kstuk dh dYiuk dh FkhA bl izdkj ds lekt dh izkfIr ds
fy, jktuhfrd lÙkk ds fo?kVu rFkk mRiknu ,oa forj.k dh izfØ;k esa fodsUnzh;dj.k esa loksZn;h
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fu;kstd fo'okl djrs FksA xk¡o ,d cqfu;knh bdkbZ rFkk bl lajpuk dh /kqjh gksxkA loksZn;h fu;kstdksa
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dk ekuuk Fkk fd mudh ;kstuk xk¡oksa esa xzke leqnk; }kjk dk;Z :i esa ifj.kr gksxhA ;g bdkbZ vius
vki esa vkRe&fuHkZj rFkk vkRe&fu;fer gksxhA ,slh O;oLFkk esa iw.kZ rFkk lexz jkstxkj laHko gksxkA
vkfFkZd laxBu Je&iz/kku gksxk u fd iw¡th iz/kkuA pw¡fd bl izdkj ds vkfFkZd laxBu esa dsoy lhfer
ek=kk esa mRiknu gksxk rks ,slh n'kk esa Jfed vius vkStkjksa dk gh iz;ksx djsxkA loksZn;h vkfFkZd O;oLFkk
esa mRiknu miHkksx ds fy, gksxk u fd okf.kT; ds fy,] ysfdu okf.kT; iw.kZ :i ls fu"ksf/kr ugha gksxkA bl
u;s lekt dh eq[; fo'ks"krk lg;ksx gksxh u fd izfrLi/kkZA m|ksx rhu {ks=kksa esa laxfBr gksxk & Lo&jkstxkj]
lgdkfjrk rFkk lkekftdA ;kaf=kdh rFkk rduhdh izxfr dk mi;ksx euq"; dh mRiknu dk;Z{kerk c<+kus
ds fy, rFkk mls e'khuh nklrk ls cpkus ds fy, fd;k tk;sxkA lkFk gh bl izxfr ls O;fDr vius 'ks"k cps
gq, ?kaVksa dk mi;ksx Lo;a ds uSfrd rFkk lkaLd`frd mRFkku ij djsxk tks mlds thou dks lkFkZdrk iznku
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dj ldsxkA loksZn;h vFkZ&O;oLFkk esa ekSfyd] vkS|ksfxd rFkk rduhdh 'kks/k dks izksRlkgu feysxkA
ÅtkZ&lalk/kuksa] ;krk;kr vkSj lapkj ds lk/kuksa esa lq/kkj laHko gksxkA bl izdkj izR;sd {ks=k esa izxfr
loksZn;h lekt ds cqfu;knh fl)kar ^lcds dY;k.k* ds vuqdwy gksxhA ^lcds dY;k.k* ds mís'; dh izkfIr
ds fy, gj laHko iz;kl fd;s tk;saxsA tehankjksa vkSj iw¡thifr;ksa dks ,slk dk;Z ugha djus fn;k tk;sxk ftlls
lekt dh izxfr esa ck/kk mRiUu gksA ;fn os lekt dh izxfr esa ck/kk Mkysaxs rks mudk vUr fd;k tk;sxk
vkSj mlds cnys esa mUgsa oSdfYid jkstxkj ;k iquokZl eqvkotk fn;k tk;sxkA bu lc fLFkfr;ksa ds fy, ,d
u;s O;fDr dh vko';drk gksxhA dkj.k] O;fDr gh lkjh loksZn;h O;oLFkk dk dsUnz fcUnq gksxkA loksZn;h
lekt ;k ifjorZu dky ds O;fDr dk ,d u;k n'kZu vkSj u;k n`f"Vdks.k gksxkA bl izdkj loksZn; ml
vkfFkZd vkSj jktuhfrd i)fr] tks lekurk vkSj U;k; ij vk/kkfjr gS] ls dgha vf/kd Js"B gSA ^;g thou
dk ,d rjhdk gS] fdlh dks vius thou dks fu/kkZfjr djus dk ekxZ ,oa lR;] izse rFkk vfgalk ds 'kk'or
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fl)kUrksa ds vk/kkj ij lekt ds thou dks fu/kkZfjr djus dk ekxZ gSA*
vc ;g iz'u mBrk gS fd fdl izdkj loksZn; dk ;g fp=k ^fgUn Lojkt* ds ekSfyd xk¡/khokn ds
le:i gS\ ^fgUn Lojkt* rFkk ^Iykfuax QkWj loksZn;* (Planning for Sarvodaya) ds Øec) v/;;u
ls ;g Li"V gksrk gS fd nksuksa esa vfHkO;Dr fopkj 'kr&izfr'kr ,d tSls ugha gSA ^fgUn Lojkt* vk/kqfudrk
ds izfr ,dne udkjkRed n`f"Vdks.k izdV djrk gS tcfd ^Iykfuax QkWj loksZn;* (Planning for
8@e/; Hkkjrh
Sarvodaya) vk/kqfudrk ds izfr ldkjkRed rFkk xk¡/khokn ds ifj"d`r :i dh vfHkO;fDr gSA ^Iykfuax
QkWj loksZn;* (Planning for Sarvodaya) esa fn;s x;s loksZn;h lekt ds vkfFkZd fu;kstu ds dk;ZØeksa
ds v/;;u ls fofnr gksrk gS fd xk¡/khokn esa vusd :ikUrj.k gq, gSa tks fo'oluh; ugha yxrs gSaA laln]
jsyos] vLirky vkSj e'khu ds laca/k esa xk¡/khoknh ekSfyd udkjkRed fopkj <+y x;s FksA vk/kqfudrk dk
dBksj rFkk iw.kZ :i ls fojks/k Hkh <y x;k FkkA oSls gh jkejkT; ds vk/kkj ij xzkeh.khdj.k dh iqjkuh /kkj.kk
ds fnu Hkh <y x;s FksA vkJe thou dh lknxh o bPNkvksa dh dVkSrh Hkh <y x;h FkhA vc ^Iykfuax QkWj
loksZn;* (Planning for Sarvodaya) dk uohu xk¡/khokn foKku] e'khu] cqf)okn rFkk lH;rk ds
iqjLdkjksa dks Lohdkj djrk gSA loksZn; dk ;g :i ik'pkR; lektokfn;ksa fo'ks"kdj LdSfUMafo;u
(Scandinviyan) lektokfn;ksa dks Lohdk;Z FkkA okLro esa ^Iykfuax QkWj loksZn;* (Planning for
Sarvodaya) ij t;izdk'k ukjk;.k rFkk vP;qr iVo/kZu ds lektoknh fpUru dh Li"V Nki n`f"Vxr
gksrh gSA ¼bu nks ds vfrfjDr loksZn; ;kstuk lfefr ds lnL;ksa esa /khjsUnz etqenkj] vUuk lkgsc
lgL=kcq)s] vkj-,l- /kks=ks] fl)jkt /kn~nk] johUnz oekZ] ukjk;.k nslkbZ rFkk 'kadjjko nso FksA bl lfefr us
^Iykfuax QkWj loksZn;* dk Lo:i fu/kkZfjr fd;k FkkA½ ,d vkykspd ;g Hkh dg ldrk gS fd ^Iykfuax QkWj
loksZn;* esa dqN Hkh xk¡/khokn ugha jg x;k gS dsoy izdk'kdksa ds O;kikfjd fpà dks NksM+djA ijarq ;g
vkykspuk lrgh gSA blesa dksbZ xgjkbZ ugha gSA ;fn ^Iykfuax QkWj loksZn;* (Planning for Sarvodaya)
dk xgjkbZ ls v/;;u fd;k tk; rks ;g ewyr% xk¡/khoknh gS ijarq blesa tks dqN Hkh ifjorZu fd;k x;k gS
og le; vkSj dky ds vuqdwy gSA bldk e'khu dk lhfer ek=kk esa iz;ksx xk¡/khoknh gSA ;g fu;kstdksa ds
fopkjksa dk dsUnzfcUnq gSA loksZn; fu;kstd okLrfodrk ds izfr lpsr Fks fd vk/kqfud e'khu vkjaHk gks pqdh
gS vkSj og vfLrRo esa jgsxhA os mldk mi;ksx ekuo lqfo/kkvksa dks c<+kus ds fy, djuk pkgrs Fks u fd
ekuo thou esa Økafrdkjh ifjorZu ds fy,A e'khu dks vk/kqfud ifjfLFkfr esa izfrcaf/kr :i esa Lohdkj
djuk xk¡/khoknh i)fr gh FkkA e'khuh lH;rk esa izxfr dsoy lqfo/kk c<+kus ds fy, dh tkuh pkfg, rFkk
;g lqfo/kk mRikndksa dks Hkh nh tkuh pkfg, u fd mRiknu esa Økafrdkjh ifjorZu djus ds fy,A loksZn;
fu;kstd blls Hkyh Hkk¡fr ifjfpr Fks fd vR;f/kd mRiknu ls Jfedksa dk 'kks"k.k gksxkA ^fgUn Lojkt* vkSj
^Iykfuax QkWj loksZn;* dk v/;;u djus ls ;g izrhr gksrk gS fd loksZn; fu;kstdksa us xk¡/khokn dks lpsr
:i ls Lohdkjk FkkA ;g loksZn; dk vkf/kdkfjd Lo:i FkkA vuk/kkfjd :i esa fouksck vkSj muds
vuq;k;h izk;% dqN fo"k;ksa esa ^fgUn Lojkt* ds udkjkRed n`f"Vdks.k dks ekuus okys yxrs FksA tgk¡ rd
loksZn; vkanksyu dh j.kuhfr dk iz'u gS blesa vkSj xk¡/khoknh vkanksyu esa ,d:irk FkhA ;g iw.kZ :i ls
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xk¡/khoknh ^lg;ksx] lqyg ¼vfHker½] izse rFkk lkekU; fgr* ds fopkj ls ifjiw.kZ gSA
dgk¡ rd ^fgUn Lojkt* rFkk ^Iykfuax QkWj loksZn;* (Planning for Sarvodaya) esa vfHkO;Dr
vkn'kZ 'kr&izfr'kr Hkkjrh; gSa\ nwljs 'kCnksa esa dgk¡ rd iw.kZ :i ls Lons'kh ewy rFkk izo`fÙk ds gksus dk
loksZn;h nkok lgh gS\fopkjksa rFkk ;kstukvksa esa 'kq)rk fo'ks"kr% rduhdh ;qx esa laHko ugha gSA ^fgUn
Lojkt* vk/kqfudrk ,oa ik'pkR; lH;rk rFkk blds leLr izHkkoksa ds izfr fojks/k gSA ;g vkS|ksfxd
lH;rk ds fo#) Øwj izfrfØ;k gSA ,slk gksus ij Hkh og ml lH;rk ds izHkko ls eqDr ugha gSA dkj.k] dksbZ
Hkh izfrfØ;k vius vki esa izHkko dh vfHkO;fDr gSA izR;sd ns'k esa dqN O;fDr ekuorkokn rFkk uSfrdrk
ds vk/kkj ij vk/kqfudrk dh vkykspuk djrs vk;s gSaA ;gk¡ rd fd vkt Hkh vk/kqfudrk ds ,sls vkykspdksa
dh dksbZ deh ugha gSA Hkkjr dh rqyuk esa fo'o ds dqN vU; ns'kksa esa vk/kqfudrk dh vkykspuk vkSj vf/kd