Made in Greece Made in Greece: Studies in Popular Musicserves as a comprehensive and thorough introduction to the history, sociology, and musicology of contemporary Greek popular music. Each essay covers the major figures, styles, and social contexts of pop music in Greece, first presenting a general description of the history and background of popular music in Greece, followed by essays, written by leading scholars of Greek music, that are organized into thematic sections: Hugely Popular, Art Song Trajectories, Greekness beyond Greekness, Counter Stories, and Present Musical Pasts. Dafni Tragaki is an ethnomusicologist and assistant professor in the Department of History, Archaeology, and Social Anthropology at the University of Thessaly, Greece. Routledge Global Popular Music Series Series Editors: Franco Fabbri, Conservatorio di Musica Arrigo Boito di Parma, Italy, and Goffredo Plastino, Newcastle University, UK The Routledge Global Popular Music Seriesprovides popular music scholars, teachers, students, and musicologists with a well-informed and up-to-date introduction to different world popular music scenes. The series of volumes can be used for academic teaching in popular music studies, or as a collection of reference works. Written by those living and working in the countries about which they write, this series is devoted to popular music largely unknown to Anglo-American readers. Made in Spain: Studies in Popular Music Edited by Silvia Martínez and Héctor Fouce Made in Italy: Studies in Popular Music Edited by Franco Fabbri and Goffredo Plastino Made in Japan: Studies in Popular Music Edited by To¯ru Mitsui Made in Brazil: Studies in Popular Music Edited by Martha Tupinambá de Ulhôa, Cláudia Azevedo and Felipe Trotta Made in Latin America: Studies in Popular Music Edited by Julio Mendívil and Christian Spencer Espinosa Made in Korea: Studies in Popular Music Edited by Hyunjoon Shin and Seung-Ah Lee Made in Sweden: Studies in Popular Music Edited by Alf Björnberg and Thomas Bossius Made in Hungary: Studies in Popular Music Edited by Emília Barna and Tamás Tófalvy Made in France: Studies in Popular Music Edited by Gérôme Guibert and Catherine Rudent Made in the Low Countries: Studies in Popular Music Edited by Lutgard Mutsaers and Gert Keunen Made in Turkey: Studies in Popular Music Edited by Ali C. Gedik Made in Australia and Aotearoa/New Zealand: Studies in Popular Music Edited by Shelley Brunt and Geoff Stahl Made in Greece: Studies in Popular Music Edited by Dafni Tragaki Made in Greece Studies in Popular Music Edited by Dafni Tragaki First published 2019 by Routledge 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017 and by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2019 Taylor & Francis The right of Dafni Tragaki to be identified as the author of the editorial material, and of the authors for their individual chapters, has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Tragaki, Dafni. Title: Made in Greece : studies in popular music / [edited by] Dafni Tragaki. Description: New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. Identifiers: LCCN 2017058557| ISBN 9781138811980 (hardback) | ISBN 9781138489523 (pbk.) Subjects: LCSH: Popular music—Greece—History and criticism. Classification: LCC ML3499.G8 M33 2018 | DDC 781.6409495—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017058557 ISBN: 978-1-138-81198-0 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-138-48952-3 (pbk) ISBN: 978-1-315-74907-5 (ebk) Typeset in Minion Pro by Florence Production Limited, Stoodleigh, Devon, UK Contents List of Illustrations ix Preface xi Series Foreword xiii Introduction: Greek Popular Music Studies? 1 DAFNI TRAGAKI Part I: Hugely Popular 15 1 Sentiment, Memory, and Identity in Greek LaikoMusic (1945–1967) 17 LEONIDAS ECONOMOU 2 Anna Vissi: Singing Greece’s Contemporary Socio-Cultural History 29 IOANNIS POLYCHRONAKIS 3 No More Babes on the Dance-Stage: The Changing Modes of Spectatorship in Athenian Live Music Nightclubs 41 IOANNIS TSIOULAKIS Part II: Art Song Trajectories 53 4 “Art-Popular” Song and Modern Greek Poets – Interactions and Ideologies: The Case of Mikis Theodorakis 55 POLINA TAMBAKAKI 5 An “Impossible” Place: The Creative Antinomies of Manos Hadjidakis’ Modernism 65 PANAGIOTIS A. KANELLOPOULOS 6 Producing Entechno: Amalgamation and Hybridization in a Controversial Musical Style 83 DIMITRIOS VARELOPOULOS v vi • Contents Part III: Greekness beyond Greekness 97 7 Musical Poiesis, Erotic Cosmology, and Commodity Life: The Lena Platonos Project 99 STATHIS GOURGOURIS 8 Digital Music Creativity: Chipmusic in/from Greece 113 MARILOU POLYMEROPOULOU 9 “Sharing What We Lack”: Contextualizing Live Experimental Music in Post-2009 Athens 125 DANAE STEFANOU Part IV: Counter-Stories 137 10 Popular Music and the Colonels: Terror and Manipulation under the Military Dictatorship (1967–1974) 139 ANNA PAPAETI 11 Popular Gypsy Musicians and the Political Economy of Affect in Contemporary Greece 153 ASPASIA (SISSIE) THEODOSIOU 12 “Lëviz mo la!”: Albanian Rap Music Made in Athens 167 LAMBRINI STYLIOU Part V: Present Musical Pasts 179 13 Popular Music in Crete: The Case of the Lyra-LaoutoEnsemble 181 IOANNIS PAPADATOS AND KEVIN DAWE 14 “Dedicated to the Jamaica of Greece!”: Inventing Tradition, Copyrighting Place, and World Music Transformations of an Island Folk Dance 191 PANAYOTIS PANOPOULOS 15 Past Forward: Creative Re-inventions of Urban Popular Song in the Music of Sokratis Malamas 205 DAFNI TRAGAKI Contents • vii CODA 16 Is ZorbaMore Greek than Greek Music?: How Greek Music is Perceived and Reproduced beyond Greece’s Borders 219 GAIL HOLST-WARHAFT AFTERWORD 17 A Head Full of Gold: A Discussion with Yiannis Angelakas 229 DAFNI TRAGAKI Notes on Contributors 249 Index 253 Illustrations Figures 2.1 Record cover of the single “Gia Sena” (For You) featuring Anna Vissi, 2015 30 3.1 Stage of Athenian pista covered in flowers 42 3.2 Yiorgos pushing two females off the stage 48 5.1 Manos Hadjidakis’ piano transcription of an excerpt from “Marsyas” 66 5.2 Manos Hadjidakis, actress Marika Kotopouli and director Takis Mouzenidis during their cooperation for Aeschylus Oresteia 68 5.3 Record cover of Meghalos Erotikos 69 5.4 Manos Hadjidakis with composer Iannis Xenakis 71 5.5 Athens Experimental Orchestra (Peiramatiki Orchistra Athinon)concert programme 72 5.6 Manos Hadjidakis and his musicians working at the studio for 15 Esperinoi 73 5.7 Andreas Rodousakis during a rehearsal with Hadjidakis’ Orchistra ton Chromaton 74 5.8 Hadjidakis with some of his musician members of Orchistra ton Chromaton at a rehearsal break 75 5.9 Manos Hadjidakis in conversation with a young man during an Anarchists’ Initiative protest 78 8.1 The Greek Chipscene Network 121 10.1 Gate of the former headquarters of the Special Interrogation Unit of the Greek Military Police (EAT/ESA), 1976 146 10.2 Interrogation cell at EAT/ESA, 1976 147 11.1 Record cover of Rom by Nikos Kypourgos 157 11.2 Record cover of Songs of Greece’s Gypsies 158 11.3 Record cover of Recital 160 15.1 Sokratis Malamas on stage 214 17.1 Yiannis Angelakas today 231 17.2 Trypes 237 17.3 Yiannis Angelakas and Nikos Veliotis 238 17.4 Yiannis Angelakas and Dinos Sadikis 242 17.5 Album cover of Kefali Gemato Chrysafi 246 Table 9.1 Multi-space venues that hosted experimental music gigs in Athens on a regular basis during all or part of the period 2009 to 2013 127 ix