Machine Learning in Medicine Chapman & Hall/CRC Healthcare Informatics Series Series Editors: Christopher Yang, Drexel University, USA RECENTLY PUBLISHED TITLES Process Modeling and Management for Healthcare Carlo Combi, Giuseppe Pozzi, Pierangelo Veltri Statistics and Machine Learning Methods for EHR Data: From Data Extraction to Data Analytics Hulin Wu, Jose-Miguel Yamal, Ashraf Yaseen, Vahed Maroufy For more information about this series, please visit: https://www.routledge. com/Chapman—HallCRC-Healthcare-Informatics-Series/book-series/ HEALTHINF Machine Learning in Medicine Edited by Ayman El-Baz Jasjit S. Suri First Edition published 2021 by CRC Press 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 and by CRC Press 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN © 2021 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all materials reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to p ublish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyrighted material has not been acknowledged, please write and let us know so we may rectify it in any future reprint. 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Title: Machine learning in medicine / edited by Ayman El-Baz, Jasjit S. Suri. Description: First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021. | Series: Chapman & Hall/CRC healthcare informatics series | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2021006004 | ISBN 9781138106901 (hardback) | ISBN 9781032039855 (paperback) | ISBN 9781315101323 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Medical informatics. | Machine learning. | Medicine—Data processing. Classification: LCC R858 .M32 2021 | DDC 610.285—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021006004 ISBN: 978-1-138-10690-1 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-032-03985-5 (pbk) ISBN: 978-1-315-10132-3 (ebk) Typeset in Minion by codeMantra With love and affection to my mother and father, whose loving spirit sustains me still - Ayman El-Baz To my late loving parents, immediate family, and children - Jasjit S. Suri Contents Preface, xi Acknowledgements, xiii Editors, xv Contributors, xvii Chapter 1 ◾ Another Set of Eyes in Anesthesiology 1 pushkar aggarwal Chapter 2 ◾ Dermatological Machine Learning Clinical Decision Support System 9 pushkar aggarwal Chapter 3 ◾ V ision and AI 19 Mohini Bindal and pushkar aggarwal Chapter 4 ◾ T hermal Dose Modeling for Thermal Ablative Cancer Treatments by Cellular Neural Networks 27 Jinao Zhang, sunita Chauhan, wa Cheung, and stuart k. roBerts Chapter 5 ◾ Ensembles of Convolutional Neural Networks with Different Activation Functions for Small to Medium-Sized Biomedical Datasets 55 Filippo Berno, loris nanni, gianluCa Maguolo, and sheryl BrahnaM vii viii ◾ Contents Chapter 6 ◾ Analysis of Structural MRI Data for Epilepsy Diagnosis Using Machine Learning Techniques 77 seyedMohaMMad shaMs, esMaeil davoodi-BoJd, and haMid soltanian-Zadeh Chapter 7 ◾ Artificial Intelligence-Powered Ultrasound for Diagnosis and Improving Clinical Workflow 109 Zeynettin akkus Chapter 8 ◾ Machine Learning for E/MEG-Based Identification of Alzheimer’s Disease 133 su yang, giriJesh prasad, kongFatt wong-lin, and Jose sanCheZ-Bornot Chapter 9 ◾ Some Practical Challenges with Possible Solutions for Machine Learning in Medical Imaging 147 naiMul khan, naBila aBrahaM, anika taBassuM, and MarCia hon Chapter 10 ◾ D etection of Abnormal Activities Stemming from Cognitive Decline Using Deep Learning 165 daMla ariFoglu and aBdelhaMid BouChaChia Chapter 11 ◾ Classification of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and NAFLD through Decision Tree Algorithm 193 arnulFo gonZáleZ-Cantú, Maria elena roMero-iBarguengoitia, and Baidya nath saha Chapter 12 ◾ The Cutting Edge of Surgical Practice: Applications of Machine Learning to Neurosurgery 207 oMar khan, Jetan h. Badhiwala, MuhaMMad ali akBar, and MiChael g. Fehlings Contents ◾ ix Chapter 13 ◾ A Novel MRA-Based Framework for the Detection of Cerebrovascular Changes and Correlation to Blood Pressure 225 ingy el-torgoMan, ahMed soliMan, ali MahMoud, ahMed shalaBy, MohaMMed ghaZal, guruprasad giridharan, JasJit s. suri, and ayMan el-BaZ Chapter 14 ◾ Early Classification of Renal Rejection Types: A Deep Learning Approach 257 MohaMed shehata, FahMi khaliFa, ahMed soliMan, shaMs shaker, ahMed shalaBy, MaryaM el-BaZ, ali MahMoud, MohaMed aBou el-ghar, MohaMMed ghaZal, aMy C. dwyer, JasJit s. suri, and ayMan el-BaZ INDEX, 281