Luwian Identities: Culture, Language and Religion Between Anatolia and the Aegean PDF
Preview Luwian Identities: Culture, Language and Religion Between Anatolia and the Aegean
Luwian Identities Culture and History of the Ancient Near East Founding Editor M.H.E. Weippert Editor-in-Chief Thomas Schneider Editors Eckart Frahm (Yale University) W. Randall Garr (University of California, Santa Barbara) B. Halpern (Pennsylvania State University) Theo P.J. van den Hout (Oriental Institute) Irene J. Winter (Harvard University) VOLUME 64 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/chan Luwian Identities Culture, Language and Religion Between Anatolia and the Aegean Edited by Alice Mouton Ian Rutherford Ilya Yakubovich LEIdEN • BOSTON 2013 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication data Luwian identities : culture, language and religion between Anatolia and the Aegean / edited by Alice Mouton, Ian Rutherford, Ilya Yakubovich. pages cm. — (Culture and History of the Ancient Near East, ISSN 1566-2055 ; volume 64) Includes index. ISBN 978-90-04-25279-0 (hardback : alk. paper)—ISBN 978-90-04-25341-4 (e-book) 1. Luwians—Congresses. I. Mouton, Alice. II. Rutherford, Ian. III. Yakubovich, Ilya S. dS59.L86L885 2013 939’.2—dc23 2013011075 This publication has been typeset in the multilingual “Brill” typeface. With over 5,100 characters covering Latin, IPA, Greek, and Cyrillic, this typeface is especially suitable for use in the humanities. For more information, please see www.brill.com/brill-typeface. ISSN 1566-2055 ISBN 978-90-04-25279-0 (hardback) ISBN 978-90-04-25341-4 (e-book) Copyright 2013 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Global Oriental, Hotei Publishing, IdC Publishers and Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood drive, Suite 910, danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. This book is printed on acid-free paper. CONTENTS Introduction .................................................................................................... 1 Alice Mouton, Ian Rutherford and Ilya Yakubovich PART ONE PRESENT STATE OF THE LUWIAN STUdIES Luwians versus Hittites ................................................................................ 25 J. David Hawkins Peoples and Maps—Nomenclature and definitions .......................... 41 Stephen Durnford PART TWO LUWIAN COMMUNITIES OF CENTRAL ANATOLIA Names on Seals, Names in Texts. Who Were These People? ........... 73 Mark Weeden Anatolian Names in -wiya and the Structure of Empire Luwian Onomastics .................................................................................. 87 Ilya Yakubovich Luwian Words in Hittite Festivals ............................................................ 125 Susanne Görke CTH 767.7—The Birth Ritual of Pittei: Its Occasion and the Use of Luwianisms .................................................................................... 135 Mary R. Bachvarova ‘Luwian’ Religious Texts in the Archives of Ḫattuša .......................... 159 Daliah Bawanypeck vi contents The Luwian Cult of the Goddess Huwassanna vs. Her Position in the “Hittite State Cult” ....................................................................... 177 Manfred Hutter PART THREE LUWIAN CULTURE IN SOUTH-EASTERN ANATOLIA A Luwian Shrine? The Stele Building at Kilise Tepe .......................... 193 Nicholas Postgate and Adam Stone A New Luwian Rock Inscription from Kahramanmaraş ................... 215 Meltem Doğan-Alparslan and Metin Alparslan Carchemish Before and After 1200 BC .................................................... 233 Sanna Aro PART FOUR LUWIAN ANd LUWIC GROUPS OF WESTERN ANATOLIA James Mellaart and the Luwians: A Culture-(Pre)history ................. 279 Christoph Bachhuber The Cultural development of Western Anatolia in the Third and Second Millennia BC and its Relationship with Migration Theories ................................................................................... 305 Deniz Sarı Luwian Religion, a Research Project: The Case of “Hittite” Augury ... 329 Alice Mouton and Ian Rutherford Hieroglyphic Inscriptions of Western Anatolia: Long Arm of the Empire or Vernacular Tradition(s)? ............................................ 345 Rostislav Oreshko Greek (and our) Views on the Karians ................................................... 421 Alexander Herda contents vii PART FIVE CULTURAL CONTACTS BETWEEN LUWIAN OR LUWIC GROUPS ANd THE AEGEAN divine Things: The Ivories from the Artemision and the Luwian Identity of Ephesos ................................................................................... 509 Alan M. Greaves Iyarri at the Interface: The Origins of Ares ............................................ 543 Alexander Millington Singers of Lazpa: Reconstructing Identities on Bronze Age Lesbos .................................................................................................. 567 Annette Teffeteller Index .................................................................................................................. 591 INTRODUCTION Alice Mouton, Ian Rutherford and Ilya Yakubovich This volume arose out of the conference held at the University of Reading in June 2011. Its purpose is to bring into being an interdisciplinary field, Luwian Studies.1 This does not mean that it can provide one authoritative answer to the question “Who were the Luwians”. Our goal is rather to formulate this broad question in a way that will encourage cooperative work by researchers from different backgrounds, including textual schol- ars, linguists, philologists, and archaeologists. In order to see why this task is necessary, it seems appropriate to begin with reviewing what we actu- ally know about the Luwians. 1. Luwians and Hittites The earliest interest in the Luwians came from scholars of ancient Anato- lian civilizations. Although for many decades the Luwians have occupied a modest place in academic discourse, which was concentrated on their more illustrious neighbours, the Hittites, this situation is now changing. To a large extent, the previous bias was due to the peculiarities of termi- nological usage that gave unfair promotion to the Hittites over the Luwi- ans and the Hattians. It is a well-known fact that the cuneiform archives of the imperial capital Hattusa contain texts in seven different languages, one of which is now called Luwian. In this we follow the people that we call Hittites, because some of the Luwian passages embedded into the Hittite narrative are introduced by the Hittite form luwili ‘in Luwian’. This is a foreign des- ignation (an ‘exonym’), and we have no way of knowing what the Luwians called themselves. It is generally assumed that luwili is derived from the geographical name Luwiya, which is mentioned several times in the Hit- tite Laws, apparently as one of the territories under the jurisdiction of 1 The term Luwian has a variant ‘Luvian’, preferred by a number of linguists that are based or were educated in the USA. The first variant is consistently used throughout this volume, but the second one sometimes occurs in bibliographic references.
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