Edited by Wilbur C. Rich LOOKING BACK ON PRESIDENT BARACK OBAMA’S LEGACY Hope and Change Looking Back on President Barack Obama’s Legacy Wilbur C. Rich Editor Looking Back on President Barack Obama’s Legacy Hope and Change Editor Wilbur C. Rich Department of Political Science Wellesley College Wellesley, MA, USA ISBN 978-3-030-01544-2 ISBN 978-3-030-01545-9 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01545-9 Library of Congress Control Number: 2018962971 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG, part of Springer Nature 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Cover illustration: White House Photo / Alamy Stock Photo This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland To Professor Charles V. Hamilton, scholar, mentor, and friend, whom I met as his student at Tuskegee Institute. Thank you for the advice, insights, and opportunities that you have provided to me in my career and for writing the foreword for this book. F oreword Obviously, there are and will be many books on the legacy of President Barack Obama. This book will be one of the most interesting and useful one. It presents the views of twelve scholars with varying analytical inter- pretations on varying policy topics: foreign policy, global warming, health care, budget crises, and so on. Obama, from the beginning of his two terms had to cope with all these issues. Thus, his “legacy” (at this early stage of his “post-presidency”) is still in the making. In fact, in a sense, precisely because of his dynamic two terms and the clear opposite nature (policy-wise and otherwise) of his successor, Obama’s legacy is still being formed. This is a good thing. This book is an excellent guide to all the analytical factors to follow. It presents different views of Obama’s presidency from different sharp perspectives that ought to be part of any serious presidency. Integrity and intelligence ought to be part of the calculus. Obama’s presidency is a good one to study. Whatever it was, it was a “first.” All “firsts” have a special place in American narratives. AMERICANS LIKE FIRSTS. The first to go to the moon, to discover a health vaccine, to be the first black Supreme Court Justice, the first woman astronaut. Obama was America’s first Black President. From that point, all political analysis began with a new chapter. What did it mean? The title of this book is appropriate: Hope and Change. vii viii FOREWORD What did this pretend? What would this change? This is the analytical task of this book. It should be studied (not just read) slowly and seriously. Something like the “legacy” of the man who so admirably is its subject. Columbia University Charles V. Hamilton New York, NY, USA C ontents Introduction: Barack Obama and the Transformational Impulse 1 Wilbur C. Rich The Obama Legacy in American Electoral Participation 25 Lyn Ragsdale Managing a Regime in Crisis: The Twilight of Neoliberalism and the Politics of Economic Recovery During the First Year of the Obama Administration 47 Kristoffer Smemo The Obama Health Care Legacy: The Origins, Implementation, and Effort to Repeal the Affordable Care Act of 2010 69 Jill Quadagno and Daniel Lanford Appraising the Foreign Policy Legacy of the Obama Presidency 93 Meena Bose The World We Have Lost: US Labor in the Obama Years 115 Ruth Milkman Swimming the Multiple Currents: The Political and Racial Time of Barack Obama’s Presidency 133 Kimberley S. Johnson ix x CONTENTS The Legacy of President Obama in the U.S. Supreme Court 149 Isaac Unah and Ryan Williams The Obama Administration’s Global Warming Legacy: Going with the Flow and the Politics of Failure 191 George A. Gonzalez Unfulfilled Hopes: President Obama’s Legacy 211 Stanley Renshon Conclusion: Who Was President Barack Obama? 249 Wilbur C. Rich Index 259 n C otes on ontributors Meena Bose is Executive Dean for Public Policy and Public Service Programs, Peter S. Kalikow School of Government, Public Policy and International Affairs, and Director of the Peter S. Kalikow Center for the Study of the American Presidency, at Hofstra University, USA. She is the author of Shaping and Signaling Presidential Policy: The National Security Decision Making of Eisenhower and Kennedy (Texas A&M University Press, 1998), and the editor of several volumes in presidential studies. She is an author of the American Government: Institutions and Policies text- book (16th edition, 2019) and of The Paradoxes of the American Presidency textbook (5th edition, Oxford University Press, 2018). George A. Gonzalez is Professor of Political Science at University of Miami, USA. His books include Energy and Empire: The Politics of Nuclear and Solar Power in the United States, Energy and the Politics of the North Atlantic and American Empire and the Canadian Oil Sands. He has writ- ten extensively on issues of environmental policy and ethics. Charles V. Hamilton is a former Professor of Political Science at Columbia University, USA, where he served as the Wallace S. Sayre Professor of Political Science. He published several books and articles including a famous book entitled Black Power with Stokely Carmichael. Kimberley S. Johnson is a Professor in the Department of Social and Cultural Analysis at New York University, USA. She has published Governing the American State and Reforming Jim Crow. xi