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Accounting, Finance, Sustainability, Governance & Fraud: Theory and Application İsmail İyigün Ömer Faruk Görçün Editors Logistics 4.0 and Future of Supply Chains Accounting, Finance, Sustainability, Governance & Fraud: Theory and Application SeriesEditor KıymetTuncaÇalıyurt,IktisadiveIdariBilimlerFakultes,TrakyaUniversity BalkanYerleskesi,Edirne,Turkey ThisScopusindexedseriesactsasaforumforbookpublicationsoncurrentresearch arisingfromdebatesaboutkeytopicsthathaveemergedfromglobaleconomiccrises duringthepastseveralyears.Theimportanceofgovernanceandthewilltodealwith corruption,fraud,andbadpractice,arethemesfeaturedinvolumespublishedinthe series. These topics are not only of concern to businesses and their investors, but also to governments and supranational organizations, such as the United Nations andtheEuropeanUnion.Accounting,Finance,Sustainability,Governance&Fraud: TheoryandApplicationtakesonadistinctiveperspectivetoexplorecrucialissues thatcurrentlyhavelittleornocoverage.Thustheseriesintegratesboththeoretical developments and practical experiences to feature themes that are topical, or are deemedtobecometopicalwithinashorttime.Theserieswelcomesinterdisciplinary researchcoveringthetopicsofaccounting,auditing,governance,andfraud. Moreinformationaboutthisseriesathttps://link.springer.com/bookseries/13615 ˙ ˙ · Ismail Iyigün Ömer Faruk Görçün Editors Logistics 4.0 and Future of Supply Chains Editors ˙Ismail˙Iyigün ÖmerFarukGörçün TrakyaUniversity KadirHasUniversity Edirne,Turkey Istanbul,Turkey ISSN2509-7873 ISSN2509-7881 (electronic) Accounting,Finance,Sustainability,Governance&Fraud:TheoryandApplication ISBN978-981-16-5643-9 ISBN978-981-16-5644-6 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5644-6 ©TheEditor(s)(ifapplicable)andTheAuthor(s),underexclusivelicensetoSpringerNature SingaporePteLtd.2022 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsaresolelyandexclusivelylicensedbythePublisher,whether thewholeorpartofthematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsofreprinting,reuseofillustrations, recitation,broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,andtransmissionor informationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilar methodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthispublication doesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevant protectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Thepublisher,theauthorsandtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformationinthisbook arebelievedtobetrueandaccurateatthedateofpublication.Neitherthepublishernortheauthorsor theeditorsgiveawarranty,expressedorimplied,withrespecttothematerialcontainedhereinorforany errorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade.Thepublisherremainsneutralwithregardtojurisdictional claimsinpublishedmapsandinstitutionalaffiliations. ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSingaporePteLtd. The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore Acknowledgments Initially,wemustthankProf.KıymetTuncaÇalıyurtforherpatienceanddedication, asthebookwouldnothavebeensufficientlywell-structuredwithoutherperseverance andbelief.Additionally,wehave tothankallauthorswhomade closeandfruitful collaborationwitheditorsofthisbook;indeed,thisbookhasbecomeefficient,thanks to their devoted contributions and they tried contributing as much as possible and in their forces. Their efforts were really incredible and admirable. In addition, we appreciateallscientistsandpractitionerswhohavecontributedtothetechnological improvements in creating a more livable world. Finally, we have to thank for the toleranceofourfamily,theydidshowgreattoleranceuncomplainingly. ˙Ismail˙Iyigün,Ph.D. ÖmerFarukGörçün,Ph.D. v Contents PartI IntroductionChapter 1 Introduction .................................................. 3 ˙Ismail˙IyigünandÖmerFarukGörçün PartII Logistics4.0andFutureoftheSupplyChains 2 Logistics4.0andTechnologicApplications ....................... 9 Barıs¸Öztuna 3 Technology,SupplyChain,andLogisticsManagement ............ 29 ˙Ismail˙Iyigün 4 AGeneralViewofBigDataandMachineLearning .............. 49 ÖzhanGörçünandHandeKüçükönder 5 3DPrintingandLogistics ...................................... 63 Ays¸egülN.Bayraktar 6 AutonomousRobotsandUtilizationinLogisticsProcess .......... 83 ÖmerFarukGörçün 7 Warehousing4.0inLogistics4.0 ................................ 95 MahmutTutam 8 CloudInformationSystems .................................... 119 EvrencanÖzcanandTamerEren 9 Logistics,SupplyChainsandSmartFactories .................... 137 HazarDördüncü 10 InternetofThings(IoT)inMarketingLogistics .................. 153 EzgiUzelAydınocak 11 IntegratedSystemsandUtilizationinLogistics ................... 171 HaciMehmetAlakas¸andTamerEren vii viii Contents PartIII FutureofIndustriesandApplications 12 SustainabilityandIndustry4.0 ................................. 193 MustafaÖzan 13 FinanceandCostManagementintheProcessofLogistics4.0 ..... 215 LokmanKantar 14 TheEffectsofIndustry4.0ComponentsontheTourismSector .... 235 GülümBurcuDalkiran 15 The Problem of Employment and Growth in the Fourth IndustrialRevolution .......................................... 251 DuyguYücel Index ............................................................. 275 Editors and Contributors AbouttheEditors Dr.I˙smailI˙yigün wasbornin1971inUzunköprü.Hehasbeenworkingasalecturer inEdirneVocationalSchoolofSocialSciencesattheTrakyaUniversitysince2006. Hiscurrentresearchareasaremarketing,logistics,andsupplychainmanagement. He worked at the Uzunköprü Vocational School Marketing Program in the same universityfrom1995to2005.HereceivedhisPh.D.degreewithbusinessadminis- trationfromGebzeTechnicalUniversityin2016.ThefocusofhisPh.D.thesisisthe effectsofsalesandlogisticscompetenciesontherelationshipcontinuityinsupply chainandcorporategovernance:anapplicationinlogisticsenterprises.Hereceived his master’s degree for economics from the Trakya University and researched the commodities market of historical process and application of Uzunköprü. He grad- uated high school in Kabatas in 1989 and received an undergraduate degree from the Marmara University, Dept. of Economics in 1994. He is married and has two children.HespeaksEnglishfluently. Assoc.Prof.ÖmerFarukGörçün teachesatFacultyofBusinessAdministration in Kadir Has University. He is also a member of the transportation council of the Ministry of Transportation of Turkey. In addition to that, he has performed some duties such as president and member in the committees of the Research & Devel- opment and the railway regulation. He had duties as a member of the board in RailSystemsAssociationandwasadvisorfortheCraneOperatorAssociationand Heavy Transport Association. As an aspect of his academic studies and works, he worksonoptimizationanddecision-makingtechniquesinthefieldsoflogisticsand supplychainmanagement.Inadditiontomanystudiespublishedinreputableinter- nationalandnationaljournals,hewrotemanyscientificbooks,whichwerepublished byinternational and national publishers,suchas Industry4.0,Integrated Logistics Management,SupplyChainManagement,WarehouseandInventoryManagement, RailwayTransportation.Currently,Görçüncontinueshisacademiclifeasascientific committeemember,editor,technicalcommitteememberinadditiontohismanagerial andacademicdutiesattheuniversity.Heismarriedwithtwowonderfuldaughters. ix x EditorsandContributors Contributors HaciMehmetAlakas¸ KirikkaleUniversity,DepartmentofIndustrialEngineering, Kirikkale,Turkey EzgiUzelAydınocak Faculty of Business and Administrative Sciences, Beykoz University,Istanbul,Turkey Ays¸egülN.Bayraktar BeykozÜniversitesi,Istanbul,Turkey GülümBurcuDalkiran Department of Tourism and Hotel Management, Voca- tionalSchoolofSocialSciences,TrakyaUniversity,Edirne,Turkey HazarDördüncü Department of International Trade and Management, Nis¸antas¸ı University,Istanbul,Turkey TamerEren KirikkaleUniversity,DepartmentofIndustrialEngineering,Kirikkale, Turkey; DepartmentofIndustrialEngineering,KırıkkaleUniversity,Kırıkkale,Turkey ÖmerFarukGörçün DepartmentofInternationalTradeandLogistics,KadirHas University,Istanbul,Turkey ÖzhanGörçün Gelis¸imUniversity,Istanbul,Turkey I˙smailI˙yigün BalkanCampus,TrakyaUniversity,Edirne,Turkey; SocialVocationalCollege,TrakyaUniversityEdirne,Edirne,Turkey LokmanKantar Gelis¸imUniversity,Istanbul,Turkey HandeKüçükönder DepartmentofNumericalMethods,FacultyofEconomicsand Administration,BartinUniversity,Bartın,Turkey MustafaÖzan Dr.IstanbulGelisimUniversityFacultyofAppliedSciencesLogis- ticsDepartment,Instanbul,Turkey EvrencanÖzcan Department of Industrial Engineering, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale,Turkey Barıs¸Öztuna FacultyofEconomicsandAdministrativeSciences,Departmentof Labor Economics and Industrial Relations, Çankırı Karatekin University, Çankırı, Turkey MahmutTutam Department of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, ErzurumTechnicalUniversity,Erzurum,Turkey DuyguYücel DepartmentofAccounting,andTaxation,VocationalSchoolofSocial Sciences,TrakyaUniversity,Edirne,Turkey