Logic and Its Applications: 4th Indian Conference, ICLA 2011, Delhi, India, January 5-11, 2011. Proceedings

228 Pages·2011·2.62 MB·English

by  Peter Gärdenfors (auth.)

Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 6521
EditedbyR.Goebel,J.Siekmann,andW.Wahlster
Subseries of Lecture Notes in Computer Science
FoLLI Publications on Logic, Language and Information
Editors-in-Chief
LuigiaCarlucciAiello,UniversityofRome"LaSapienza",Italy
MichaelMoortgat,UniversityofUtrecht,TheNetherlands
MaartendeRijke,UniversityofAmsterdam,TheNetherlands
EditorialBoard
CarlosAreces,INRIALorraine,France
NicholasAsher,UniversityofTexasatAustin,TX,USA
JohanvanBenthem,UniversityofAmsterdam,TheNetherlands
RaffaellaBernardi,FreeUniversityofBozen-Bolzano,Italy
AntalvandenBosch,TilburgUniversity,TheNetherlands
PaulBuitelaar,DFKI,Saarbrücken,Germany
DiegoCalvanese,FreeUniversityofBozen-Bolzano,Italy
AnnCopestake,UniversityofCambridge,UnitedKingdom
RobertDale,MacquarieUniversity,Sydney,Australia
LuisFariñas,IRIT,Toulouse,France
ClaireGardent,INRIALorraine,France
RajeevGoré,AustralianNationalUniversity,Canberra,Australia
ReinerHähnle,ChalmersUniversityofTechnology,Göteborg,Sweden
WilfridHodges,QueenMary,UniversityofLondon,UnitedKingdom
CarstenLutz,DresdenUniversityofTechnology,Germany
ChristopherManning,StanfordUniversity,CA,USA
ValeriadePaiva,PaloAltoResearchCenter,CA,USA
MarthaPalmer,UniversityofPennsylvania,PA,USA
AlbertoPolicriti,UniversityofUdine,Italy
JamesRogers,EarlhamCollege,Richmond,IN,USA
FrancescaRossi,UniversityofPadua,Italy
YdeVenema,UniversityofAmsterdam,TheNetherlands
BonnieWebber,UniversityofEdinburgh,Scotland,UnitedKingdom
IanH.Witten,UniversityofWaikato,NewZealand
Mohua Banerjee Anil Seth (Eds.)
Logic and Its
Applications
4th Indian Conference, ICLA 2011
Delhi, India, January 5-11, 2011
Proceedings
1 3
SeriesEditors
RandyGoebel,UniversityofAlberta,Edmonton,Canada
JörgSiekmann,UniversityofSaarland,Saarbrücken,Germany
WolfgangWahlster,DFKIandUniversityofSaarland,Saarbrücken,Germany
VolumeEditors
MohuaBanerjee
IndianInstituteofTechnologyKanpur
DepartmentofMathematicsandStatistics
Kanpur208016,India
E-mail:[email protected]
AnilSeth
IndianInstituteofTechnologyKanpur
DepartmentofComputerScienceandEngineering
Kanpur208016,India
E-mail:[email protected]
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2010941366
CRSubjectClassification(1998):I.2.3,I.2,F.1-4,D.2.4
LNCSSublibrary:SL7–ArtificialIntelligence
ISSN 0302-9743
ISBN-10 3-642-18025-6SpringerBerlinHeidelbergNewYork
ISBN-13 978-3-642-18025-5SpringerBerlinHeidelbergNewYork
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Preface
ThisvolumecontainsextendedabstractsofsomepaperspresentedatICLA2011:
the 4th Indian Conference on Logic and Its Applications held during January
9–11, 2011,at Delhi University.
ICLAisabiennialconferenceorganizedundertheauspicesoftheAssociation
forLogicinIndia.Its scopeincludes pureandappliedformallogicaswellasthe
history of logic with emphasis on relations between traditional Indian systems
and modern logic.
In response to the call for papers for ICLA 2011, there were 34 submissions.
Eachsubmissionwasreviewedbyatleasttwo,andonaveragethreeProgramme
Committee(PC)members.SomePCmemberschosetoconsultexternalreview-
ers whose names are listed herein. The committee decided to accept 14 papers
for presentation and publication in this volume and another ten papers for pre-
sentation only. The programme also included three invited talks.
WearegratefultothePCmembersfortheireffortsinreviewingandselecting
thepapers.Wealsothankalltheexternalreviewersfortheirhelp.Specialthanks
are due to the invited speakers for contributing their papers to the proceedings
at a short notice. Finally, we thank all those who submitted their papers to
ICLA.
The EasyChair system was of great help in the submission stage, the PC
meeting and finally in preparing the proceedings. We also thank the Editorial
BoardoftheFoLLIseries,andUrsulaBarthofSpringerforoverseeingproduction
of the final volume.
November 2010 Mohua Banerjee
Anil Seth
Conference Organization
Programme Chairs
Mohua Banerjee IIT Kanpur, India
Anil Seth IIT Kanpur, India
Programme Committee
Dietmar Berwanger ENS Cachan, France
Achim Blumensath TU Darmstadt, Germany
Richard Booth UniversityofLuxembourg,andMahasarakham
University, Thailand
Didier Dubois IRIT, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse,
France
Valentin Goranko Technical University of Denmark
Wilfrid Hodges United Kingdom
Peter Jipsen Chapman University, Orange, CA, USA
Steven Lindell Havenford College, PA, USA
Benedikt Lo¨we ILLC Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Shahid Rahman University of Lille 3, France
R. Ramanujam IMSc Chennai, India
K. Ramasubramanian IIT Bombay, India
Sundar Sarukkai Manipal University, India
S.P. Suresh Chennai Mathematical Institute, India
Andrzej Szal(cid:3)as Linko¨ping University, Sweden
Katherine Thompson University of Vienna, Austria
Jouko Va¨¨ana¨nen University of Helsinki, Finland
Scott Weinstein University of Pennsylvania, USA
Hans van Ditmarsch University of Sevilla, Spain
Organizing Committee
Mohua Banerjee IIT Kanpur, India
Amitabha Gupta (Chair) Former Professor,IIT Bombay, India
Kamal Lodaya IMSc Chennai, India
Godabarisha Mishra Indian Council of Philosophical Research,
Delhi, India
R. Ramanujam IMSc Chennai, India
S.P. Suresh Chennai Mathematical Institute, India
Ashok Vohra Delhi University, India
VIII Conference Organization
External Reviewers
Vince Barany
Arina Britz
Martin Caminada
Louise Dennis
Christian Fermueller
Vassilios Gregoriades
Davide Grossi
Joost Joosten
Alexander Kartzow
Alexander Kreuzer
Kamal Lodaya
Thomas Mu¨ller
Salvador Mascarenhas
Eric Pacuit
Steffen Reith
Floris Roelofsen
Sonja Smets
Ivan Varzinczak
James Worrell
Table of Contents
Semantics Based on Conceptual Spaces (Invited Talk) ................ 1
Peter G¨ardenfors
Four Corners—Eastand West (Invited Talk) ........................ 12
Graham Priest
Infinite Games and Uniformization (Invited Talk) .................... 19
Wolfgang Thomas
On Fuzzy Sets and Rough Sets from the Perspective of
Indiscernibility .................................................. 22
Mihir K. Chakraborty
The Logic of Campaigning ........................................ 38
Walter Dean and Rohit Parikh
A Stochastic Interpretation of Propositional Dynamic Logic:
Expressivity..................................................... 50
Ernst-Erich Doberkat
Contextual Coalitional Games ..................................... 65
Patrick Doherty, Tomasz Michalak, Jacek Sroka, and Andrzej Szal(cid:2)as
Sensible Semantics of Imperfect Information: On a Formal Feature of
Meanings ....................................................... 79
Pietro Galliani
A Qualitative Approach to Uncertainty ............................. 90
Sujata Ghosh and Fernando R. Vel´azquez-Quesada
The Completion of the Emergence of Modern Logic from Boole’s The
Mathematical Analysis of Logic to Frege’s Begriffsschrift .............. 105
Priyedarshi Jetli
A Modal Logic for Multiple-Source Tolerance Approximation Spaces ... 124
Md. Aquil Khan and Minghui Ma
A Note on Nathanial’s Invariance Principle in Polyadic Inductive
Logic........................................................... 137
Jeff B. Paris and Alena Vencovsk´a
First-Order Inquisitive Pair Logic .................................. 147
Katsuhiko Sano
X Table of Contents
Ultrafilter Extensions of Models ................................... 162
Denis I. Saveliev
Logic in the Community .......................................... 178
Jeremy Seligman, Fenrong Liu, and Patrick Girard
Reasoning about ProtocolChange and Knowledge ................... 189
Yanjing Wang
Becoming Aware of PropositionalVariables ......................... 204
Hans van Ditmarsch and Tim French
Author Index.................................................. 219
Semantics Based on Conceptual Spaces
Peter Gärdenfors
Lund University Cognitive Science, Kungshuset, S-22222 Lund, Sweden
[email protected]
Abstract. The overall goal is to show that conceptual spaces are more promis-
ing than other ways of modelling the semantics of natural language. In particu-
lar, I will show how they can be used to model actions and events. I will also
outline how conceptual spaces provide a cognitive grounding for word classes,
including nouns, adjectives, prepositions and verbs.
1 Introduction
Within traditional philosophy of language, semantics is seen as mapping between
language and the world (or several “possible worlds”). This view has severe prob-
lems. For one thing, it does not involve the users of the language. In particular, it does
not tell us anything about how individual users can grasp the meanings determined by
such a mapping (Harnad 1990, Gärdenfors 1997).
Another tradition, cognitive semantics, brings in the language user by focusing on
the relations between linguistic expressions and the user’s mental representation of
their meanings. According to cognitive semantics, the meanings of words are repre-
sented specifically as image schemas. These schemas are abstract mental pictures
with an inherent spatial structure, constructed from elementary topological and geo-
metrical structures like “container,” “link”, and “source-path-goal.” Such schemas are
commonly assumed to constitute the representational form common to perception,
memory, and semantic meaning.
Although there have been some attempts to construct computational models of im-
age schemas (e.g. Holmqvist 1993), they are not well suited for formal modelling. In
particular, they are not well developed for handling dynamic entities, such as actions
and events. In this article, I will model actions and events using conceptual spaces
(Gärdenfors 2000). My goal is to show that conceptual spaces show more promise
than other ways of modeling the semantics of natural language (see also Gärdenfors
(1996)). I will further show how they can provide a cognitive grounding for word
classes. In linguistics, word classes are defined by syntactic criteria. However, a the-
ory of cognitive semantics worthy of its name should at least be able to explain the
main categories of words – i.e., nouns, adjectives, prepositions, and verbs -- in terms
of cognitive mechanisms. I will outline such an account.
2 Conceptual Spaces as a Semantic Framework
A given conceptual space consists of a number of quality dimensions. Examples of
quality dimensions are temperature, weight, brightness, pitch, and force, as well as the
M. Banerjee and A. Seth (Eds.): ICLA 2011, LNAI 6521, pp. 1–11, 2011.
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2011