Locating the English Diaspora, 1500-2010 PDF
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Locating the English Diaspora, 1500–2010 Bueltmann.indb 1 3/29/2012 2:18:49 PM MIGRATIONS AND IDENTITIES Series Editors Kirsty Hooper, Eve Rosenhaft, Michael Sommer This series offers a forum and aims to provide a stimulus for new research into experiences, discourses and representations of migration from across the arts and humanities. A core theme of the series will be the variety of relationships between movement in space – the ‘migration’ of people, communities, ideas and objects – and mentalities (‘identities’ in the broadest sense). The series aims to address a broad scholarly audience, with critical and informed inter- ventions into wider debates in contemporary culture as well as in the relevant disciplines. It will publish theoretical, empirical and practice-based studies by authors working within, across and between disciplines, geographical areas and time periods, in volumes that make the results of specialist research accessible to an informed but not discipline-specific audience. The series is open to proposals for both monographs and edited volumes. Bueltmann.indb 2 3/29/2012 2:18:49 PM Locating the English Diaspora, 1500–2010 Edited by Tanja Bueltmann, David T. Gleeson and Donald M. MacRaild Liverpool University Press Bueltmann.indb 3 3/29/2012 2:18:49 PM First published 2012 by LFiirvsetr ppuoobll iUshneidv e2r0s1it2y b Pyress 4L iCvearmpoborild Ugen iSvterreseitty Press L4 iCvearmpoborild ge Street LLi6v9e r7pZoUol L69 7ZU Copyright © 2012 Liverpool University Press Copyright © 2012 Liverpool University Press The authors’ rights have been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, DThees iaguntsh aonrsd’ Priagthetnst sh aAvcet b19e8en8. asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a rAeltlr rieigvhalt ss yrestseemrv,e odr. Ntraon psamrti totef dth, iins baonoyk f omrmay obre brye parnoyd muceeadn, ss,t eolreecdt rionn aic , mreterciheavnali csayls,t pemho, toorc otrpayninsmg,i trteecdo,r idni nagn,y o fro ormth eorrw biyse a, nwyi tmhoeaunt st,h eel epcrtiroorn ic, wmreicthteann picearlm, pihssoiotonc oopf ythineg p, urbecliosrhdeirn.g, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication data ABr Bitrisithi sLhi bLriabrrya rCya CtaIlPo greucionrgd-i ins- Pavuabilliacbalteion data A British Library CIP record is available IWSBebN P 9D78F- 1e-I8S4B6N31 9-87189--11- 8ca4s6e3d1-771-2 ISBN 978-1-84631-819-1 cased Typeset in Minion by R. J. Footring Ltd, Derby PTyripnetseedt ainn dM bionuionnd bbyy RC.P JI. FGorooturpin (gU LKtd) ,L Dtde,r Cbyroydon CR0 4YY Printed and bound by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon CR0 4YY Bueltmann.indb 4 3/29/2012 2:18:49 PM Bueltmann.indb 4 3/29/2012 2:18:49 PM Contents Notes on Contributors vii Introduction. Locating the English Diaspora: Problems, Perspectives and Approaches 1 Tanja Bueltmann, David T. Gleeson and Donald M. MacRaild 1 Mythologies of Empire and the Earliest English Diasporas 15 Glyn Parry 2 The English Seventeenth Century in Colonial America: The Cultural Diaspora of English Republican Ideas 34 David Walker 3 Fox Hunting and Anglicization in Eighteenth-Century Philadelphia 52 Doreen Skala 4 The Hidden English Diaspora in Nineteenth-Century America 67 William E. Van Vugt 5 An English Institution? The Colonial Church of England in the First Half of the Nineteenth Century 84 Joe Hardwick 6 The Importance of Being English: English Ethnic Culture in Montreal, c.1800–1864 100 Gillian I. Leitch 7 Anglo-Saxonism and the Racialization of the English Diaspora 118 Tanja Bueltmann v Bueltmann.indb 5 3/29/2012 2:18:49 PM vi Contents 8 ‘The Englishmen here are much disliked’: Hostility towards English Immigrants in Early Twentieth-Century Toronto 135 Amy J. Lloyd 9 Cousin Jacks, New Chums and Ten Pound Poms: Locating New Zealand’s English Diaspora 150 Brad Patterson 10 ‘Cooked in true Yorkshire fashion’: Regional Identity and English Associational Life in New Zealand before the First World War 169 James Watson 11 Englishness and Cricket in South Africa during the Boer War 185 Dean Allen 12 An Englishman in New York? Celebrating Shakespeare in America, 1916 205 Monika Smialkowska 13 The Disappearance of the English: Why is there no ‘English Diaspora’? 222 Robert J.C. Young Index 236 Bueltmann.indb 6 3/29/2012 2:18:49 PM Notes on Contributors Dean Allen is currently a Senior Research Associate at Stellenbosch University in South Africa. Having lectured at universities in the United Kingdom, Ireland and Australia, he has published widely on the history and politics of sport and society throughout the British Empire, most notably South Africa. His particular interests are colonialism, imperialism and the identity of sport- ing groups and nations. His monograph, Logan of Matjiesfontein: Cricket, War and Empire in South Africa, will be published shortly. Tanja Bueltmann is Lecturer in History at Northumbria University. Her research interests are in wider British World history, especially ethnic associationalism. Tanja Bueltmann’s first monograph, Scottish Ethnicity and the Making of New Zealand Society, 1850 to 1930, was published in 2011 (Edinburgh University Press, SHR Monograph Series). She is co-investigator of the AHRC-funded English Diaspora project, which explores the English in North America in transatlantic perspective between the mid-eighteenth century and 1950. Moreover, she continues to examine the Scots abroad. Having recently been awarded funding from the British Academy for her project ‘Ethnicity, Associationalism and Civility: The Scots in Singapore and Hong Kong in Comparative Perspective’, she is currently writing her second monograph on ethnic associational culture and formal sociability in the Scottish diaspora to 1930. David T. Gleeson is Reader in History at Northumbria University where he teaches American history. He has just completed a manuscript on Irish immigrants in the Confederate States of America to be published in the Civil War America Series by the University of North Carolina Press. David is also vii Bueltmann.indb 7 3/29/2012 2:18:50 PM viii Notes on Contributors a co-investigator on the AHRC-funded ‘Locating the Hidden Diaspora: The English in North America in Transatlantic Perspective, 1760–1950’. Joe Hardwick is Lecturer in British History at Northumbria University. He has published articles on aspects of the Church of England and the British Empire in the Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History and Historical Research. He is currently writing a monograph for Manchester University Press’s ‘Studies in Imperialism’ series on the Church of England’s engagement with the settler empire in the period between the loss of the North American colonies and the coming of colonial self-government in the 1850s. Gillian I. Leitch is a Senior Researcher at CDCI Research Inc. in Ottawa. Her PhD thesis at the Université de Montréal, ‘The Importance of Being English? Identity and Social Organisation in British Montreal, 1800–1850’, was a study of British identities in nineteenth-century Montreal, of which the English were a vital part. Her post-doctoral work at the University of Edinburgh focused on the familial and transnational identities and networks of three British immigrant families in Canada. Amy J. Lloyd is a Leverhulme Trust Early Career Fellow in the School of History, Classics and Archaeology at the University of Edinburgh. She completed her PhD in history at the University of Cambridge in 2010. Her disser tation – which she is currently revising for publication – examines popular perceptions of emigration in Britain between 1870 and 1914. She has recently started a new research project on English emigration to Canada between 1900 and 1914. Donald M. MacRaild is Professor of History and Associate Dean for Research at Northumbria University. He has published numerous articles and chapters in books, and has authored, edited or co-edited eleven books. His most recent book is The Irish Diaspora in Britain, 1750–1939 (Macmillan, 2010), which is a revised, expanded and extended edition of his 1999 study of the Irish in Britain. He was visiting fellow at the Australian National University in 2010–11 and is principal investigator on an AHRC-funded project, ‘Locating the Hidden Diaspora: The English in North America in Transatlantic Perspective, 1760–1950’, for which this volume is in many ways a preliminary investigation. He is also completing a book on Ribbonism in Ireland and Britain with Kyle Hughes. Glyn Parry is Senior Lecturer in History at Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand. He has published on early modern history in the Historical Journal, the English Historical Review, the Journal of Ecclesiastical History, Historical Research, the Huntington Library Quarterly and many other leading journals, as well as publishing a monograph with Cambridge University Press Bueltmann.indb 8 3/29/2012 2:18:50 PM Notes on Contributors ix on the Tudor intellectual William Harrison. His contribution to this volume develops some ideas discussed in his biography of an important early modern imperial advocate: The Arch Conjuror of England: John Dee (Yale University Press, 2011). Brad Patterson is an Honorary Research Associate at the Stout Research Centre for New Zealand Studies, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand. He was formerly founding director of the university’s Irish-Scottish Studies Programme, and, in 2010, held the W.F. Massey Fellowship at Massey University. The author or editor of nine books and numerous articles, he is co-author of a major study of New Zealand’s Scots, to be published by McGill- Queen’s University Press in 2012. His research interests, beyond New Zealand history, include Irish and Scottish migration and the political economy of nineteenth-century settler capitalism. Doreen Skala earned her MA in history from Rutgers University, Camden. Her research is focused on eighteenth-century transatlantic social history with an emphasis on England and the Middle Atlantic region. She is currently engaged in transcribing and annotating Benjamin Chew’s London journal, 1743–1744. Monika Smialkowska is Senior Lecturer in English Literature at Northumbria University. Her research interests fall into two categories: the early modern genre of court masque, and post-renaissance adaptations and appropriations of early modern authors and genres. Currently, she is exploring the ways in which the 300th anniversary of Shakespeare’s death in 1916 was celebrated across the world. As part of this project, she was awarded a short-term Folger Shakespeare Library fellowship. She has published a number of articles and is working towards a monograph on this topic. William E. Van Vugt is Professor of History at Calvin College, Grand Rapids, Michigan, where he teaches courses in English and American history. He earned his MA in American history at Kent State University and his doctorate in economic history at the London School of Economics and Political Science under the mentorship of Charlotte Erickson. His books include Britain to America: the mid-Nineteenth Century Immigrants to the United States (1999); Race and Reconciliation in South Africa: A Multicultural Dialogue in Comparative Perspective (as co-author and editor, 2000); British Buckeyes: the English, Scots, and Welsh in Ohio, 1700–1900 (2006); and British Immigration to the United States, 1776–1914 (4 volumes, Pickering and Chatto, 2009). He has also written numerous scholarly articles and chapters in books on migration and the economic history of the North Atlantic. David Walker is Associate Dean and Head of the Humanities Department at Northumbria University. He is the author, with Stuart Sim, of Discourses of Bueltmann.indb 9 3/29/2012 2:18:50 PM
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