Living Well with Chronic Illness: A Call for Public Health Action

351 Pages·2012·2.37 MB·English

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Living Well with Chronic Illness: A Call for Public Health Action
Committee on Living Well with Chronic Disease: Public Health Action to
ISBN
978-0-309-22127-6 Reduce Disability and Improve Functioning and Quality of Life; Institute of
Medicine
350 pages
6 x 9
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Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Living Well with Chronic Illness: A Call for Public Health Action
LIVING WELL
WITH CHRONIC ILLNESS
A Call for Public Health Action
Committee on Living Well with Chronic Disease: Public Health Action to
Reduce Disability and Improve Functioning and Quality of Life
Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice
Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Living Well with Chronic Illness: A Call for Public Health Action
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS • 500 Fifth Street, NW • Washington, DC 20001
NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing
Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of
the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute
of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their
special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.
This study was supported by Contract No. DP000607 between the National Academy of
Sciences and the Arthritis Foundation, and Contract No. 200-2005-13434, TO# 30 between
the National Academy of Sciences and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Any
opinions, fndings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those
of the author(s) and do not necessarily refect the view of the organizations or agencies that
provided support for this project.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Living well with chronic illness : a call for public health action / Committee on Living Well
with Chronic Disease: Public Health Action to Reduce Disability and Improve Functioning and
Quality of Life, Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice, Institute of Medicine
of the National Academies.
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references.
ISBN 978-0-309-22127-6 (pbk.) — ISBN 978-0-309-22128-3 (pdf)
I. Institute of Medicine (U.S.). Committee on Living Well with Chronic Disease: Public Health
Action to Reduce Disability and Improve Functioning and Quality of Life.
[DNLM: 1. Chronic Disease—prevention & control. 2. Health Policy. 3. Population
S urveillance. 4. Quality of Life. WT 30]

362.1—dc23
2012012233
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Copyright 2012 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
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Suggested citation: IOM (Institute of Medicine). 2012. Living well with chronic illness: A call
for public health action. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Living Well with Chronic Illness: A Call for Public Health Action
“Knowing is not enough; we must apply.
Willing is not enough; we must do.”
—Goethe
Advising the Nation. Improving Health.
Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Living Well with Chronic Illness: A Call for Public Health Action
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Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone and Dr. Charles M. Vest are chair and vice chair, respectively,
of the National Research Council.
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Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Living Well with Chronic Illness: A Call for Public Health Action
COMMITTEE ON LIVING WELL WITH CHRONIC DISEASE:
PUBLIC HEALTH ACTION TO REDUCE DISABILITY AND
IMPROVE FUNCTIONING AND QUALITY OF LIFE
ROBERT B. WALLACE (Chair), University of Iowa, Iowa City
RONALD T. ACKERMANN, Northwestern University Feinberg School
of Medicine, Chicago, IL
KAREN BASEN-ENGQUIST, The University of Texas, MD Anderson
Cancer Center, Houston
BOBBIE A. BERKOWITZ, Columbia University School of Nursing,
New York City
LEIGH F. CALLAHAN, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
RONNI CHERNOFF, Geriatric Research, Education & Clinical Center,
Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, and Arkansas
Geriatric Education Center, University of Arkansas for Medical
Sciences, Little Rock
DAVID B. COULTAS, The University of Texas Health Science Center at
Tyler
SHERITA HILL GOLDEN, Johns Hopkins University School of
Medicine, Baltimore, MD
JEFFREY R. HARRIS, University of Washington School of Public Health,
Seattle
RUSSELL HARRIS, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
KATIE B. HORTON, The George Washington University School of
Public Health and Health Services, Washington, DC
M. JEANNE MIRANDA, Center for Health Services Research, University
of California, Los Angeles
MARCIA NIELSEN, Patient Centered Primary Care Collaborative,
Washington, DC
OLUGBENGA G. OGEDEGBE, New York University Lagone Medical
Center, New York City
PATRICK REMINGTON, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine
and Public Health, Madison
DAVID B. REUBEN, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of
California, Los Angeles
MICHAEL SCHOENBAUM, National Institute of Mental Health,
Bethesda, MD
v
Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Living Well with Chronic Illness: A Call for Public Health Action
Study Staff
E. LORRAINE BELL, Senior Study Director
PAMELA LIGHTER, Research Assistant
CHELSEA FRAKES, Senior Program Assistant
ANDREW LEMERISE, Research Associate
HOPE HARE, Administrative Assistant
AMY PRZYBOCKI, Financial Associate
ROSE MARIE MARTINEZ, Senior Director, Board on Population
Health and Public Health Practice
vi
Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Living Well with Chronic Illness: A Call for Public Health Action
Reviewers
This report has been reviewed in draft form by persons chosen for their
diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures
approved by the National Research Council’s Report Review Committee.
The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical
comments that will assist the institution in making its published report as
sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards
for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review
comments and draft manuscript remain confdential to protect the integrity
of the deliberative process. We wish to thank the following individuals for
their review of this report:
Susan Babey, University of California, Los Angeles, Center for Health
Policy Research
R. Don Blim, Retired Physician Executive
Noreen M. Clark, University of Michigan Center for Managing
Chronic Disease
Christine C. Ferguson, George Washington University School of
Public Health and Health Services
George R. Flores, The California Endowment
Linda P. Fried, Columbia University Joseph L. Mailman School of
Public Health
Patricia A. Ganz, University of California, Los Angeles, Jonsson
Comprehensive Cancer Center
Lisa I. Iezzoni, Harvard Medical School
vii
Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Living Well with Chronic Illness: A Call for Public Health Action
viii REVIEWERS
Jerome P. Kassirer, Tufts University School of Medicine
Jeffrey Levi, Trust for America’s Health
Katie Maslow, Institute of Medicine
Bernadette Melnyk, The Ohio State University College of Nursing
David O. Meltzer, The University of Chicago Harris School of Public
Policy Studies
Anne Newman, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of
Public Health
Marjorie L. Pearson, RAND Health
S. Leonard Syme, University of California, Berkeley, School of
Public Health
Lorna E. Thorpe, CUNY School of Public Health at Hunter College
Ed Wagner, University of Washington School of Public Health and
Community Medicine
Fredric D. Wolinsky, The University of Iowa College of Public Health
Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive
comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the conclusions
or recommendations nor did they see the fnal draft of the report before its
release. The review of this report was overseen by Antonia M. Villarruel,
University of Michigan, and Eric B. Larson, Group Health Research Insti-
tute. Appointed by the National Research Council, they were responsible
for making certain that an independent examination of this report was
carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review
comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the fnal content of
this report rests entirely with the authoring committee and the institution.
Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Living Well with Chronic Illness: A Call for Public Health Action
Foreword
Chronic illness in America imposes an enormous and growing burden
on individuals, families, communities, and the nation as a whole. An aging
population is one key driver, and rising rates of obesity are making mat-
ters worse. Insuffcient physical activity and persistent smoking in about
20 percent of the adult population contribute to the problem. For those
who are living with chronic disease, access to suitable disease management
programs is uneven, disparities among racial and ethnic groups persist, and
shortcomings in the quality of care are all too common.
Public health programs have made important inroads in the preven-
tion of several types of cancer, heart disease, and other chronic conditions.
However, much remains to be done in primary prevention, initial treatment,
and long-term follow-up to deter the onset of disease, reduce the incidence
of complications, and diminish the severity of illness. This report examines
the role of public health services in accomplishing these goals.
Public health systems have a variety of tools that can be brought to
bear on chronic illness. Some are direct public health functions, such as
surveillance and regulation; others involve outreach to patients and families
through education; some entail closer coordination with those who deliver
personal health services; and still others involve enlisting the cooperation
of diverse leaders in the public and private sectors. Despite substantial gaps
in knowledge and insuffcient resources, public health has the capacity to
help reduce, manage, and control chronic diseases. This report shows how.
Coping with chronic illness is not America’s challenge alone. In Septem-
ber 2011, for the frst time, the United Nations took up the topic of chronic
diseases as a principal theme at a plenary gathering. The rising burden of
ix
Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.