l i v i n g a c r o s s a n d t h r o u g h s k i n s l i v i n g a c r o s s a n d t h r o u g h s k i n s Transactional Bodies, Pragmatism, and Feminism Shannon Sullivan i n d i a n a u n i v e r s i t y p r e s s B l o o m i n g t o n a n d I n d i a n a p o l i s This book is a publication of Indiana University Press 601 North Morton Street Bloomington, IN 47404-3797 USA http://www.indiana.edu/~iupress Telephone orders 800-842-6796 Fax orders 812-855-7931 Orders by e-mail c o n t e n t s acknowledgments vii abbreviations ix introduction Transactional Bodies after Dewey 1 one Living Across and Through Skins: Bodies in Transaction 12 two Discursivity and Materiality: The Lived Experience of Transactional Bodies 41 three Communicating with Another: Transaction and Merleau-Ponty’s Phenomenology of Corporeal Existence 65 four Recon¤guring Gender: Habit, Bodies, and Cultural Change 88 vi Contents f ive Transactional Somaesthetics: Nietzsche, Women, and the Transformation of Bodily Experience 111 six Transactional Knowing: Toward a Pragmatist-Feminist Standpoint Theory 133 conclusion Transaction and the Dynamic Distinctiveness of Races 157 notes 171 bi bliography 193 index 201 a c k n o w l e d g m e n t s My warm thanks go to the following people for discussions over the last few years that helped shape the ideas in this book: Vincent Colapietro, Celeste Friend, Irene Harvey, Lee Horvitz, Bill McKenna, Phillip Mc- Reynolds, Ashley Pryor, Ben Pryor, Susan Schoenbohm, and Lori Varlotta. The following people graciously read and commented on earlier versions of individual chapters, for which I am grateful: John Compton, Dan Con- way, Brian Domino, Susan Jarratt, Charlene Seigfried, and Emily Zakin. I am especially grateful to Del McWhorter for reading multiple chapters multiple times. I appreciate Silvia Stoller’s critical response in the Winter 2000 issue of Hypatia to the article that became Chapter Three for helping me clarify the relationship of transaction and phenomenology. For their advice and guidance, particularly that which helped me navigate the pub- lishing process, I am grateful to John Lachs, Charles Scott, and John Stuhr. I also happily acknowledge the work of my editor, Dee Mortensen, who made many fruitful suggestions that are incorporated in the pages that fol- low, and the skillful copyediting of Karen L. Lew. The long-standing friendships I have with my sister, Jennifer Sullivan, and my college roommate Michele Howard have helped sustain me and, thus, my philosophical work over the years. I am grateful to my parents Alex George Sullivan and Bettye Sullivan for giving me their love and, just as importantly, an example of how to free-spiritedly question one’s life, demonstrating the truth of Dewey’s claim that the habits that consti- tute the self can be recon¤gured at any age. Above all, I thank Phillip McReynolds, not only for carefully reading and insightfully commenting on the entire manuscript, but also for his love and support and the many philosophical conversations we have had while cooking and hiking, with- out which this book would not have been possible. Earlier versions of two of the chapters were originally published in the journal Hypatia. Chapter Three is a revised and expanded version of “Domination and Dialogue in Merleau-Ponty’s Phenomenology of Per- ception,” published in the Winter 1997 issue, volume 12, pages 1–19. Chap- ter Four was originally published in a shorter form as “Recon¤guring Gen- der with John Dewey: Habit, Bodies, and Cultural Change” in the Winter 2000 issue, volume 15, pages 23–42. I am grateful to Indiana University Press for permission to reprint them here. a b b r e v i a t i o n s References to the work of John Dewey are to the following volumes and are abbreviated in the standard form of initials for the series, followed by volume number and page number. Thus, for example, the ¤rst page of the ¤rst volume of the Later Works would be listed as LW 1:1. EW John Dewey: The Early Works: 1882–1898. Ed. Jo Ann Boydston. 5 vols. Carbondale and Edwardsville: Southern Illinois University Press, 1969–1972. MW John Dewey: The Middle Works: 1899–1924. Ed. Jo Ann Boydston. 15 vols. Carbondale and Edwardsville: Southern Illinois University Press, 1976–1988. LW John Dewey: The Later Works: 1925–1953. Ed. Jo Ann Boydston. 17 vols. Carbondale and Edwardsville: Southern Illinois University Press, 1988–1991.