Literature in the Digital Age: An Introduction PDF
Preview Literature in the Digital Age: An Introduction
LiteratureintheDigitalAge An Introduction LiteratureintheDigitalAge:AnIntroductionguidesreadersthroughthe mostsalienttheoretical,interpretive,andcreativepossibilitiesopened upbytheshifttodigitalliteraryformssuchase-books,digitalarchives, electronicliterature,andvideogames.WhileDigitalHumanities(DH) hasbeenhailedasthe“nextbigthing”inliterarystudies,manystudents andscholarsremainperplexedastowhataDHapproachtoliterature entails,andskepticalobserverscontinuetoseeliteratureandthedigital worldasfundamentallyincompatible.Initsargumentthatdigitaland traditionalscholarshipshouldbeplacedindialoguewitheachother,this bookcontextualizestheadventofthedigitalinliterarytheory,explores thenewquestionsreaderscanaskoftextswhentheybecomedigitized, andinvestigatesthechallengesthatfreshformsofborn-digitalfiction posetoexistingmodelsofliteraryanalysis. AdamHammondisAssistantProfessorintheDepartmentofEnglish andComparativeLiteratureatSanDiegoStateUniversity.Heis coauthorofModernism:Keywords,andhisarticleshaveappearedinsuch journalsandnewspapersasDigitalScholarshipintheHumanities,The GlobeandMail,TheWalrus,andtheLiteraryReviewofCanada. Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. University of Toronto, on 05 Dec 2021 at 00:36:35, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use , available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107323551 Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. University of Toronto, on 05 Dec 2021 at 00:36:35, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use , available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107323551 Literature in the Digital Age An Introduction ADAM HAMMOND SanDiegoStateUniversity Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. University of Toronto, on 05 Dec 2021 at 00:36:35, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use , available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107323551 32AvenueoftheAmericas,NewYork,NY10013-2473,USA CambridgeUniversityPressispartoftheUniversityofCambridge. ItfurtherstheUniversity’smissionbydisseminatingknowledgeinthepursuitof education,learning,andresearchatthehighestinternationallevelsofexcellence. www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9781107615076 (cid:2)C AdamHammond2016 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2016 PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmericabySheridanBooks,Inc AcatalogrecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationData Hammond,Adam,1981– Literatureinthedigitalage:anintroduction/AdamHammond. pagescm. Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN978-1-107-04190-5(hardback)–ISBN978-1-107-61507-6(pbk.) 1.Literature–21stcentury–Historyandcriticism–Theory,etc. 2.Informationtheory inliterature. 3.LiteratureandtheInternet. 4.Onlineauthorship. 5.Computer literacy. 6.Hypertextliterature–Historyandcriticism. I.Title. PN98.I54H36 2016 801–dc23 2015026052 ISBN978-1-107-04190-5Hardback ISBN978-1-107-61507-6Paperback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracy ofURLsforexternalorthird-partyInternetWebsitesreferredtointhispublication anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuchWebsitesis,orwillremain, accurateorappropriate. Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. University of Toronto, on 05 Dec 2021 at 00:36:35, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use , available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107323551 ToMarta Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. University of Toronto, on 05 Dec 2021 at 00:36:35, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use , available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107323551 Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. University of Toronto, on 05 Dec 2021 at 00:36:35, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use , available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107323551 Contents ListofTablesandFigures pageix Preface:TheExcessofSeeing xiii Acknowledgments xix Part I: Is Literature Dying in the Digital Age? Chapter1 TheDigitalMediumandItsMessage 3 Chapter2 MediumShifts:LiteraryThoughtinMedia History 22 Part II: Digitization Chapter3 TheUniversalLibrary 41 Chapter4 DigitalEditionsandtheComplexityof Remediation 57 Chapter5 QuantitativeApproachestotheLiterary 82 Part III: Born Digital Chapter6 Short-CircuitingthePublicationProcess 133 Chapter7 Interactivity:RevolutionandEvolutionin Narrative 154 Chapter8 LiteratureintheDigitalMasterMedium 175 Coda PrintintheDigitalAge 198 Notes 207 Index 227 vii Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. University of Toronto, on 05 Dec 2021 at 00:36:35, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use , available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107323551 Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. University of Toronto, on 05 Dec 2021 at 00:36:35, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use , available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107323551 List of Tables and Figures Tables 5.1 Unliketexts,rankedbyTTR(samplesizenotstandardized). page 95 5.2 Unliketexts,rankedbyTTR(samplesizestandardized). 95 5.3 TTRsforindividualchaptersofJamesJoyce’sAPortraitof theArtistasaYoungMan(samplesizestandardized). 96 5.4 TTRsforselectednovelsbyVirginiaWoolf(samplesize standardized). 97 5.5 TTRsforselected“difficult”modernistnovels(samplesize standardized). 98 5.6 TTRofWoolf’sTotheLighthousecomparedtoselected1927 bestsellers(samplesizestandardized). 98 Figures 4.1 (a–b)CopiesDandIofPlate14ofWilliamBlake’sTheMarriage ofHeavenandHell,showingthesignificantvariationsBlake oftenintroducedatthecoloringstageof“illuminated printing.” page60 4.2 DetailofthefirstpageofthemanuscriptofEmily Dickinson’s“AloneandinaCircumstance–,”showing pastedstampand“legs.” 64 4.3 StoryboardsketchbyJohannaDruckershowingtheintended functionalityoftheIVANHOEgame. 79 5.1 TAPoRwareListWordstoolresultforJaneAusten’sPrideand Prejudice,allwords. 90 5.2 TAPoRwareListWordstoolresultforPrideandPrejudice,stop wordsapplied. 92 5.3 Wordle.networdcloudforPrideandPrejudice. 93 ix Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. University of Toronto, on 05 Dec 2021 at 00:36:36, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use , available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107323551 x ListofTablesandFigures 5.4 GraphbyTanyaClementcomparingfeaturesofGertrudeStein’s MakingofAmericanstoasampleofcanonicalliterarytexts. 101 5.5 AdvertisementforRubdryTowelsfrom1911issueof Cosmopolitan(ModernistJournalsProject). 104 5.6 ChartcomparingthepercentageofquotationinRaymond Williams’sKeywords(1976)andModernism:Keywords(2014). 105 5.7 (a–b)Wordle.networdcloudsforWilliams’sKeywordsand Modernism:Keywords,quotationexcluded. 107 5.8 GoogleBooksNgramViewerchartfor“advertising,” 1800–2000,Englishcorpus. 109 5.9 GoogleBooksNgramViewerchartfor“modernism,” “modernist,”and“avant-garde,”1800–2000,Englishcorpus. 110 ∗ 5.10 GoogleBooksNgramViewerchartfor“ ADJgenius,” 1800–2000,Englishcorpus. 111 5.11 GoogleBooksNgramViewerchartfor“fuck,”1600–2000, Englishcorpus. 112 5.12 Aggregatetermfrequenciesof“abstractvalue”wordsinnovels, 1785–1900(HeuserandLe-Khac,AQuantitativeLiteraryHistory of2,958Nineteenth-CenturyBritishNovels). 114 5.13 Aggregatetermfrequenciesof“hardseed”wordsinnovels, 1785–1900(HeuserandLe-Khac,AQuantitativeLiteraryHistory of2,958Nineteenth-CenturyBritishNovels). 115 5.14 Wordcloudvisualizationof“NativeAmerican”topic(Matthew Jockers). 117 5.15 Orderedhierarchyofcontentobjects(OHCO)intheTEI representationofdrama. 124 6.1 RobertDarnton’s“communicationscircuit.” 138 6.2 MapofBoneyBoroughinDashShaw’swebcomicserial BodyWorld(2008–2009). 147 6.3 “Grid-think”inBodyWorld:classnoteaddressedbygrid position. 148 6.4 JemJewellaysoutthethemesofBodyWorldinaclassassignment. 148 Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. University of Toronto, on 05 Dec 2021 at 00:36:36, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use , available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107323551
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