Literature 1969, Part 2 PDF
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ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS ABSTRACTS A Publication of the Astronomisches Rechen-Institut Heidelberg Member of the Abstracting Board of the International Council of Scientific Unions Volume 2 Literature 1969, Part 2 Edited by S. B6hme . W. Fricke· U. Giintzel-Lingner F. Henn· D. Krahn . G. Zech Published for Astronomisches Rechen-Institut by Springer-Verlag Berlin· Heidelberg· New York 1970 Astronomisches Rechen-Institut Heidelberg Director: Prof. Dr. W. Fricke Astronomy and Astrophysics Abstracts Editor-in-Chief: F. Henn ISBN 978-3-642-49292-1 ISBN 978-3-642-49290-7 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-49290-7 © by Astronomisches Reel a-Institut Heidelberg 1970. Library of Congress Catalog Card N nber 72-104650. Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1970 Preface Astronomy and Astrophysics Abstracts, which appears in semi-annual volumes, is devoted to the re cording, summarizing and indexing of astronomical publications throughout the world. It aims to pre sent a comprehensive documentation of literature in all fields of astronomy and astrophysics. Every effort will be made to ensure that the average time interval between the date of receipt of the original literature and publication of the abstracts will not exceed eight months. This time interval is near to that achieved by monthly issued abstracting journals, compared to which our system of accumulating abstracts for about six months offers the advantage of greater convenience for the user. Volume 2 contains literature published in 1969 and received before March 15, 1970; some older lite rature which was received late and which is not recorded in Volume 1 is also included. The authors of papers who have sent us abstracts on request have effectively contributed to the suc cess of our service. We should like to express our gratitude to them. We acknowledge with thanks con tributions to this volume by Dr. J. Bou~a, who surveyed journals and publications in Czech language and supplied us with abstracts in English, by Dr. B. Onderlicka, Brno, for providing English ab stracts of Russian papers, and by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (C.S.I.R.O.), Sydney, for providing titles and abstracts of papers on radio astronomy. Our warmest thanks also to the ladies of our editorial office, Mrs. Monika Betz, and Mrs. Utta-Barbara Stegemann, who typed the text of this volume on IBM 72 Composers and compiled the pages from abstract slips in a perfect form for offset reproduction, and to Mrs. Eva Rott, for punching all the material for author index and subject index. Heidelberg, April 1970 Siegfried Bohme Walter Fricke Ulrich Giintzel-Lingner Frieda Henn Dietlinde Krahn Gert Zech Contents Preface Introduction Abbreviations 3 Periodicals, Proceedings, Books, Activities 00 I Periodicals. . . . . . . . 5 002 Bibliographical Publications. . IS 003 Books ......... . 17 004 History of Astronomy, Chronology 24 005 Biography. . 26 006 Personal Notes . . . . 27 007 Obituaries. . . . . . 28 008 Observatories, Institutes 29 009 Notes on Observatories, Planetaria, and Exhibitions 46 010 Societies, Associations, Organizations. . . . . . . 47 011 Reports on Colloquia, Congresses, Meetings, Symposia, and Expeditions 50 012 Proceedings of Colloquia, Congresses, Meetings, and Symposia . . 52 013 Reports on Astronomy in Various Countries and Particular Fields, International Cooperation 54 014 Teaching in Astronomy 54 015 Miscellanea 55 Applied Mathematics, Physics 021 Mathematics, Computing, Machine Programs. . . . . . 56 022 Physical Papers Related to Astronomy and Astrophysics 58 Instruments and Astronomical Techniques 031 Optics, Methods of Observation and Reduction 67 032 Astronomical Instruments 69 033 Radio Telescopes and Equipment 73 034 Astronomical Accessories . 77 035 Oocks and Frequency Standards 83 036 Photographic Auxiliaries . 85 VII Positional Astronomy. Celestial Mechanics 041 Positional Astronomy, Star Catalogues and Atlases 87 042 Celestial Mechanics . . . . 90 043 Astronomical Constants . . . . . . 94 044 Time, Rotation of the Earth . . . . 95 045 Latitude Determination, Polar Motion 98 046 Geodetic Astronomy, Navigation 101 047 Ephemerides, Almanacs, Calendars. . 103 Space Research 051 Extraterrestric Research, Spaceflight Related to Astronomy. 105 052 Astrodynamics and Navigation of Space Vehicles 107 053 Lunar and Planetary Probes and Satellites 111 054 Artificial Earth Satellites. . . . . . . . 113 055 Observations of Earth Satellites, Lunar and Planetary Probes lIS Theoretical Astrophysics 061 General Theoretical Problems of Astrophysics, Gravitational Instability, Neutrino Astronomy, X Ray- and Gamma Ray-Astronomy, Frequency and Origin of Elements, etc. . . . . . . . . 117 062 Magneto-Hydrodynamics, Plasma 121 063 Radiative Transfer . . . . . . 125 064 Stellar Atmospheres, Stellar Envelopes . 128 065 Stellar Structure, Stellar Evolution, Stellar Nucleosynthesis 133 066 Relativistic Astrophysics (without Cosmology), Background Radiation, Gravitation Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 Sun 071 Solar Photosphere, Spectrum 148 072 Sunspots, Faculae, Solar Activity 155 073 Solar Chromosphere, Flares, Prominences 162 074 Solar Corona, Solar Wind 168 075 Solar Patrol 173 076 Solar UV, X Rays, Gamma Radiation 175 077 Solar Radio Radiation 179 078 Solar Cosmic Radiation 184 079 Solar Eclipses 186 080 Solar Figure, Internal Constitution, Rotation, Miscellanea 188 Earth 081 Figure, Composition, and Gravity of the Earth . . . . . . . . . . 192 082 The Earth's Atmosphere including Refraction, Scintillation, Extinction, Airglow, Site Testing 194 083 Ionosphere 203 084 Aurorae, Geomagnetic Field, Radiation Belts 207 085 Solar-Terrestrial Relations 215 VIII Planetary System 091 Physics of the Planetary System (Planetary Atmospheres, Figure, Interior, Magnetic Fields, Rotation, etc.) . 216 092 Mercury. 220 093 Venus 221 094 Moon .. 225 095 Lunar Eclipses 239 096 Lunar Occultations 240 097 Mars .... 241 098 Minor Planets 247 099 Jupiter 249 100 Saturn 254 101 Uranus, Neptune, Pluto, Transplutonian Planet. 255 102 Comets ...... . 256 103 Comets: Listed Objects 259 104 Meteors, Meteor Streams . 266 105 Meteorites, Meteorite Craters 269 106 Interplanetary Matter, Interplanetary Magnetic Field, Zodiacal Light. 281 107 Cosmogony of the Planetary System. . . . . . . . . . . 284 Stars I II Stellar Parallaxes . . . . . . . . . . 286 112 Proper Motions, Radial Velocities, Space Motions 287 113 Stellar Magnitudes, Colors, Photometry. . . . . 289 114 Stellar Spectra, Temperatures, Spectroscopy . . . 294 115 Stellar Luminosities, Masses, Diameters, HR-Diagrams and Others 302 116 Stellar Magnetic Field, Figure, Rotation 304 117 Binary and Multiple Stars, Theory. 306 118 Visual Binaries. . . . . 310 119 Spectroscopic Binaries. . 313 120 Variable Stars: Catalogues, Ephemerides, Miscellanea 315 121 Eclipsing Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316 122 Physical Variables, Flare Stars, Pulsation Theory _. . 323 123 Variable Stars: Lists of Observations, Individual Observations 334 124 Novae 336 125 Supernovae, Supernova Remnants . . . . . . 339 126 Low-luminosity Stars, Subdwarfs, White Dwarfs 341 Interstellar Matter, Gaseous Nebulae, Planetary Nebulae 131 Interstellar Space, Interstellar Matter, Polarization of Starlight 343 132 Emission Nebulae, Reflection Nebulae 354 133 Planetary Nebulae 358 134 Crab Nebula. . . . 360 Radio Sources, Quasars, Pulsars, X Ray-, Gamma Ray-Sources, Cosmic Radiation 141 Radio Sources, Quasars, Pulsars 362 142 X Ray-, Gamma Ray-Sources. 379 143 Cosmic Radiation. . . . . . 384 IX Stellar Systems 151 Kinematics and Dynamics of Stellar Systems 390 152 Stellar Associations 396 153 Galactic Clusters . . . . . . . . 397 154 Globular Clusters. . . . . . . . 401 155 Structure and Evolution of the Galaxy 403 156 Galactic Magnetic Field . . 405 157 Galactic Radio Radiation 406 158 Single and Multiple Galaxies 408 159 Magellanic Clouds 416 160 Clusters of Galaxies. . 417 161 Intergalactic Matter . . 419 162 Structure and Evolution of the Universe, Cosmology 421 Author Index. 429 Subject Index. 493 x Introduction Astronomical bibliographies stracts are presented in English, French or German. Titles of papers in Russian are, as a rule, given in English; occasionally, Astronomy and Astrophysics Abstracts begins documenta they are given in German. tion and abstracting as from the year 1969. For information (2) Authors' abstracts are used whenever possible. In this on astronomical literature before this date consultation of volume only very few abstracts have been written by persons one of the following bibliographies is suggested: other than the authors; in such cases the name of the abstrac tor is given. As a rule, no popular articles were abstracted, (1) J. J. de Lalande, Bibliographie Astronomique, Paris 1803 their titles however given, occasionally with the addition (this work covers the time from 480 B. C. to the year 1803, "Popular article". VIII + 966 pages). (3) As a rule, each paper has been classified mto one of 108 (2) J. C. Houzeau, A. Lancaster, Bibliographie generale de numbered subject categories and allocated a serial number I'astronomie, Volume I (in two parts), Bruxelles 1882, 1887, within the category. In this way each item is numbered by Volume II, Bruxelles 1889. The complete title of Volume II six figures, the first three of which indicate the number of is "Bibliographie generale de l'astronomie ou catalogue me the category. Three further figures indicate the serial num thodique des ouvrages, des memoires et des observations ber within the category, which was allocated in the order of astronomiques, pubJies depuis I'origine de l'imprimerie jus the receipt of the abstract. Reference to an abstract in Vol qu'en 1880". A new edition of these volumes was prepared ume I is indicated by "01" before the number of the cate by D. W. Dewhirst and published by Holland Press, London gory; for example, 01.074.028, denotes Volume I, category 1964. No bibliography was published for the years from 074, abstract 028. Volume 2 is indicated by "02". 1880 to 1898, although on recommendation and with sup A paper may have been classified into more than one catego port of the International Astronomical Union almost com ry. Then its abstract has been allocated a number in one of plete information was collected for this period; the unpubli the categories involved, and in the other category (or catego shed material is kept on file by the Observatoire Royal de ries) the paper has been indicated by the title and a reference Belgique, Bruxelles. to the abstract number. (3) Astronomischer Jahresbericht, 1899 gegriindet von Walter Papers whose authors are not named were treated like those Wislicenus, herausgegeben vom Astronomischen Rechen with authors' names, with one exception: reports from cor Institut in Heidelberg(formerlyin Berlin), Verlag W. de Gruy respondents of journals whose names were unknown were ter, Berlin. For the period from 1899 to 1968 sixty-eight vol not numbered. umes were published, each of which, in general, covers the (4) There are categories which suggest the presentation of the literature of one year. material in subject groups; these, however, can only be for (4) Bulletin Signaletique - Section Astronomie, Astrophysi med immediately before the completion of a volume. For in que, Physique du Globe. Published by Centre de Documenta stance, a subject group may be formed by all information re tion du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris. ceived on the same solar eclipse, comet, nova, etc. The un This publication is a continuation of "Bibliographie Men sorted presentation of such material in a subject category suelle de l'Astronomie" founded in 1933 by the Societe would be inconvenient for the user, even if the individual Astronomique de France. The publication is continued. comet, etc. were included in the subject index. (5) Referativnyj Zhurnal. Founded in 1953 and published by Vsesoyuznyj Institut Nauchnoj i Tekhnicheskoj Informatsii, The following subject categories are subdivided into subject Akademiya Nauk, Moskva. The publication is continued. groups: 008 Observatories, Institutes. The publications of observato ries and astronomical institutes are listed in alphabetical Concept of Astronomy and Astrophysics Abstracts order of the towns of the institutions, each town form ing a numbered subject group. For each publication a re This abstracting service aims to present a comprehensive do ference to an abstract number is made. cumentation of the literature in all fields of astronomy and 010 Societies, Associations, Organizations. The publications astrophysics. It appears in semi-annual volumes, two of which of each one form a subject group. The groups are pre cover the literature of a calendar year. The half-yearly period sented in alphabetical order. of issue is regarded as an optimal period of time for summari 079 Solar eclipses. All publications related to one solar ec zing papers into subject categories and for the presentation of lipse form a subject group. abstracts as quickly as possible after the publication of the 103 Comets, listed objects. All publications related to the original literature. The time limits at which the documenta same comet form a numbered group. tion begins and ends for a volume are not sharply defined, 124 Novae. All publications related to one nova form a sub- except in the sense that all literature will be covered which ject group. was received by the editors within these limits. (5) Border fields of astronomy and astrophysics have been Volume 2 is devoted to the recording, summarizing and in taken into a account by presenting titles of papers occasional dexing of astronomical publications of the year 1969 received ly without abstracts. The selection of papers for inclusion has from August 1969 to March IS, 1970; it also records a num been made according to the degree of relevance to astronomi ber of papers issued before 1969 but received within the cal research. given period of time. (6) The text of the publication was typed on IBM 72 Compo sers in the editorial office, and it was given to the printer in a The main characteristics of the concept of Astronomy and form ready for offset reproduction. The author index and Astrophysics Abstracts may be summarized briefly. the subject index were compiled and printed by means of (1) Titles of papers are given in the language of their authors electronic computer (Siemens 2002). whenever possible. If they are not in English but supplied (7) While each volume is scheduled to contain an author in with English translations they will be given in English. Ab- dex and a subject index, the magnetic tapes containing the Introduction index information will be used to produce separate index vol- Classification into a scheme of subject categories umes (authors and subjects) at intervals of a few years. The subdivision of astronomy and its border fields into sub ject categories is facilitated by the fact that the astronomical Transliteration of the Russian Alphabet objects appear to be particularly well suited for the formati on of categories. Sun, moon, earth, planets, comets, and me The transliteration of the Russian alphabet in use in Astrono- teorites, the various kinds of stars, galaxies, radio sources, my and Astrophysics Abstracts is presented here. quasars, and pulsars etc. suggest natural subdivisions. It may be assumed that such subdivisions can be maintained for long A a a p p r periods of time. Experience shows, however, that progress in B 6 b C c s research may imply changes in the classification scheme, in B B V T T t pplaorstiivceu.l aPr,r oinb afbiellyd so wneh eoref tthhee ebxepsatn seixoanm opfl eksn owwhliecdhg es hiso wexs r r g y y u clearly the reflection of research progress on astronomical do ):( ;0; d <I> <P £ cumentation is the Crab nebula, which may be classified as E e e X x kh a supernova remnant, an emission nebula, a radio source or E e e ts pulsar. In this volume subject category 134 is devoted to the m ~ ~ Crab nebula. Papers related to the Crab nebula will, however, lR zh q q ch be found in the subject categories 125 (Supernova remnants), 3 8 z III III sh 141 (Radio sources, pulsars), 142 (X ray sources), 143 (Cos II H I.Q II\ shch mic radiation). 11 iI: j 'b ':& " sAu bfejewc te xcaptleagnoartioersy. rSeemctairokns m00a2y binec ilund oersd esrh oornt snoemwes onfo ttehse H K k bI hI Y whose titles and authors are given, but the authors of the no JI Jl I b b tes have not been included in the author index. In section M M m a a eh 003 books on Astronomy and Astrophysics and its border H H n 10 10 yu fields are listed which came to our notice from August to March. In cases where books can be classified into one of the 0 0 0 H H ya subject categories these books are additionally listed under II II P their categories. References to book reviews are given if the reviews appeared quicf{!y. This transliteration was recommended by the Abstracting For completeness of documentation, personal notes (section Board of the International Council of Scientific Unions in 006) and obituaries (section 007) are listed. In section 012 1969. It is essentially the same as the transliteration propo (Proceedings of Colloquia, Congresses, Meetings, and Sympo sed by the Academy of Sciences, Moscow, and used by the sia) the proceedings etc. are listed with titles and editors. Referativnyi Zhurnal (See Referativnyi Zhurnal, 51. Astrono Whenever the volumes were at hand, the papers were classi miya, 1969 No. 1). It may be noted that the letters can be fied into their subject categories and, occasionally, supplied read and printed by usual data processing machines. with abstracts. In the literature the names of Russian authors can be found transliterated in different ways. We present the names in the Author index and subject index form in which they are given in the literature. The subject category and the serial number forming six fIgU res for each abstract have been used as a means of reference Sources of information in the author index and the subject index. These references are more precise than page references. They offer considerab The majority of sources of information for this volume are le advantages in indexing by means of data processing machi given in section 001 Periodicals and in section 008 Observa nes, and they are more convenient for the user. tories, Institutes. The term "periodical" has been used in its The author index of this volume contains 5783 names. A widest sense for publications in a sequence of undetermined complete reference comprises six fIgUres, three for the sub duration, even if the intervals of appearance are not regular. ject category and three for the serial number within the cate Section 001 records 265 periodicals with their full titles and gory. In the case of more than one reference to abstracts in with abbreviations which are in use in Astronomy and Astro one category, the number of the category is given only once physics Abstracts. It may be noted that the titles of the pe and not repeated in the immediately following references. riodicals are given in their original languages, and that Rus The total number of papers (some do not give names of au sian titles have been transliterated applying the transliteration thors) recorded in this volume is about 5800. given above. Section 008 records 173 periodicals; these are We consider the subject index as only a first approximation publication series of observatories and astronomical institutes to an optimal index covering all fields of astronomy and which have not been included in section 001. The abbrevia astrophysics and its border fields. Several iterative steps ap tions of the titles of the periodicals have been given so that pear to be necessary until an index has been compiled for in most cases they permit recognition of the full title without one of the subsequent volumes which may then serve as a recourse to the key in section 001. The steadily growing kind of standard for the near future. The assigning of one or number of periodicals makes it necessary to use more exten more key words to a paper is undoubtedly a difficult task. sive abbreviations and to abandon the use of very condensed Some journals have started giving key words together with ones. the titles of papers. These key words are chosen by the au Other abstracting journals have been consulted in order to thors themselves and are in many cases identical with our de examine the degree of completeness of our service. Occasion signations of subject categories with no additional specifica ally, in particular in Physics Abstracts, Referativnyi Zhurnal, tion. In fact, in some cases it may be more useful to refer to a and Bulletin Signal6tique abstracts of papers were found subject category as a whole than to an item number, in parti which had not come to our attention. In such cases Astrono cular, if the total number of abstracts in a category is very my and Astrophysics Abstracts gives the titles with referen small, and if more specific key words do not provide a proper ces to the other abstracting service. description of the paper. 2
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