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Literary Landscapes This page intentionally left blank Literary Landscapes From Modernism to Postcolonialism Editedby Attie de Lange, Gail Fincham, Jeremy Hawthorn and Jakob Lothe Editorialmatterandselection©theeditors2008 Individualchapters©thecontributors2008 ExcerptsfromTHEDIARYOFVIRGINIAWOOLF,VolumeIV:1931–1935, copyright©1982byQuentinBellandAngelicaGarnett,reprintedbypermission ofHarcourt,Inc. ExcerptsfromTHEDIARYOFVIRGINIAWOOLF,VolumeV:1936–1941,copyright ©1984byQuentinBellandAngelicaGarnett,reprintedbypermission ofHarcourt,Inc. ExcerptfromTHREEGUINEASbyVirginiaWoolf,copyright©1938byHarcourt, Inc.,andrenewed1966byLeonardWoolf,reprintedbypermissionofthepublisher. ExcerptsfromTHEYEARSbyVirginiaWoolf,copyright©1937byHarcourt,Inc., andrenewed1965byLeonardWoolf,reprintedbypermissionofthepublisher. ExcerptsfromTHECAPTAIN'SDEATHBEDANDOTHERESSAYSbyVirginiaWoolf, copyright©1950andrenewed1978byHarcourt,Inc.,reprintedbypermission ofthepublisher. Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2008 978-0-230-55316-3 Allrightsreserved.Noreproduction,copyortransmissionofthis publicationmaybemadewithoutwrittenpermission. Noparagraphofthispublicationmaybereproduced,copiedortransmitted savewithwrittenpermissionorinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthe Copyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988,orunderthetermsofanylicence permittinglimitedcopyingissuedbytheCopyrightLicensingAgency, 90TottenhamCourtRoad,LondonW1T4LP. Anypersonwhodoesanyunauthorizedactinrelationtothispublication maybeliabletocriminalprosecutionandcivilclaimsfordamages. Theauthorshaveassertedtheirrightstobeidentified astheauthorsofthisworkinaccordancewiththeCopyright, DesignsandPatentsAct1988. Firstpublished2008by PALGRAVEMACMILLAN Houndmills,Basingstoke,HampshireRG216XSand 175FifthAvenue,NewYork,N.Y.10010 Companiesandrepresentativesthroughouttheworld PALGRAVEMACMILLANistheglobalacademicimprintofthePalgrave MacmillandivisionofSt.Martin'sPress,LLCandofPalgraveMacmillanLtd. Macmillan®isaregisteredtrademarkintheUnitedStates,UnitedKingdom andothercountries.PalgraveisaregisteredtrademarkintheEuropean Unionandothercountries. ISBN 978-1-349-36293-6 ISBN 978-0-230-22771-2 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9780230227712 Thisbookisprintedonpapersuitableforrecyclingandmadefromfully managedandsustainedforestsources.Logging,pulpingandmanufacturing processesareexpectedtoconformtotheenvironmentalregulationsofthe countryoforigin. AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Literarylandscapes:frommodernismtopostcolonialism/editedby AttiedeLange,GailFincham,JeremyHawthornandJakobLothe. p. cm. Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. 1.Place(Philosophy)inliterature. 2.Englishfiction—20thcentury—Historyand criticism. 3.SouthAfricanfiction(English)—Historyandcriticism. 4.Commonwealth fiction(English)—Historyandcriticism. 5.Spaceinliterature. 6.Spaceandtime inliterature. 7.Identity(Psychology)inliterature. 8.Postcolonialisminliterature. 9.Modernism(Literature)—English-speakingcountries. 10.Postmodernism (Literature)—English-speakingcountries. I.DeLange,Attie. II.Fincham,Gail. III.Hawthorn,Jeremy. IV.Lothe,Jakob. PR888.P525L572008 820.9(cid:2)358—dc22 2008015862 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 Contents NotesontheContributors vii Acknowledgements x Introduction xi 1 Space,Time,Narrative:FromThomasHardytoFranzKafka andJ.M.Coetzee 1 Jakob Lothe 2 TheAmericanSpacesofHenryJames 19 Merle A. Williams 3 SpaceandPlaceintheNovelsofE.M.Forster 38 Gail Fincham 4 TravelasIncarceration:JeanRhys’sAfterLeaving MrMackenzie 58 Jeremy Hawthorn 5 ‘WhereAmI?’:FeminineSpaceandTimeinVirginia Woolf’sTheYears 75 Merry M. Pawlowski 6 ImaginingtheKarooLandscape:FreeIndirectDiscourse, theSublime,andtheConsecrationofWhitePoverty 92 Johan Geertsema 7 ‘Reading’and‘Constructing’Space,GenderandRace: JosephConrad’sLordJimandJ.M.Coetzee’sFoe 109 Attie de Lange 8 RemainsoftheName 125 Carrol Clarkson 9 Houses,CellarsandCavesinSelectedNovelsfromLatin AmericaandSouthAfrica 143 Marita Wenzel v vi Contents 10 TransformationofOrdinaryPlacesintoImaginativeSpace inZakesMda’sWriting 161 Ina Gräbe 11 No-Man’sLand:NuruddinFarah’sLinksandtheSpaceof PostcolonialAlienation 180 Harry Garuba 12 ChangingSpaces:SalmanRushdie’sMappingof Post-ColonialTerritories 198 Frederik Tygstrup Index 214 Notes on the Contributors Carrol Clarkson did her DPhil in English at the University of York in the UK, and now teaches at the University of Cape Town in South Africa. Her main research interests and publications are in philosophy of language and in post-apartheid South African literature and art. She has also published articles on post-apartheid jurisprudence and is currently editing a collection of essays and writing a monograph on J.M.Coetzee. AttiedeLangeisProfessorofEnglishandwasDirectoroftheResearch Unit ‘Languages and Literature in the South African Context’ at the Potchefstroom Campus of the North-West University in South Africa from 2001 to 2007. He collaborated with Gail Fincham as editor and co-editor of Conrad in Africa: New Essays on ‘Heart of Darkness’ (2002) andConradattheMillennium:Modernism,Postmodernism,Postcolonialism (2001)respectively. Gail Fincham is Head of the Department of English at the University of Cape Town. She has edited, co-edited and contributed to three collections of essays on Conrad: Under Postcolonial Eyes: Joseph Conrad AfterEmpire(1996),ConradattheMillennium:Modernism,Postmodernism, Postcolonialism (2002) and Conrad in Africa (2003). She has chapters in three forthcoming books: Joseph Conrad: Voice, Sequence, History, Genre (ed.Lothe,Hawthorn,andPhelan);ZakesMda:WaysofWriting(ed.Bell and Jakobs); and J. M. Coetzee and the Aesthetics of Place (ed. Clarkson). Co-editorofTheEnglishAcademyReview,shehaswrittenarticlesforSouth Africanandinternationaljournals. Harry Garuba is Associate Professor at the Centre for African Studies, University of Cape Town, with a joint appointment in the English Department. His recent publications include ‘Explorations in Animist Materialism:NotesonReading/WritingAfricanLiterature,Culture,and Society’(((PublicCulture,Spring2003);‘TheUnbearableLightnessofBeing: Re-Figuring Trends in Recent Nigerian Poetry’ (((English in Africa, May 2005);and‘ASecondLife:Museums,Mimesis,andtheNarrativesofthe TourGuidesofRobbenIsland’inDesireLines:Space,MemoryandIdentity inthePost-ApartheidCity(2007). vii viii NotesontheContributors Johan Geertsema is Assistant Professor in the University Scholars Programme, National University of Singapore. Among his research interestsareRomanticism,particularlytheoriesofironyandofthesub- lime as these intersect with colonialism; the politics of space, empire, andtheruleoflaw;andthetheoryandpracticeoftranslation.Hisrecent essayshaveappeared,orareforthcoming,inEmergenciesandtheLimitsof Legality(ed.VictorV.Ramraj);TranslationandtheClassic(ed.Alexandra Lianeri and Vanda Zajko); Journal of Postcolonial Writinggg; and Journal of CommonwealthLiterature. InaGräbeisEmeritusProfessorofTheoryofLiteratureattheUniversity of South Africa (UNISA), Pretoria. Her most important publications includeabook-lengthstudyonpoeticlanguageandstylistics,amono- graph on the interpretation of poetic metaphor, a monograph entitled Landscape as a Troubled Space (1997), as well as a number of articles on narratologyandSouthAfricannarrativefocusingonthenovelisticprac- tice of J. M. Coetzee, Zakes Mda and others. She is the general editor of the six-volume proceedings of the 16th triennial congress of the InternationalComparativeLiteratureAssociation(ICLA),heldatUNISA, Pretoria,inAugust2000(2004–2007). Jeremy Hawthorn is Professor of Modern British Literature at the NorwegianUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Trondheim.Histhird monograph on Joseph Conrad, Sexuality and the Erotic in the Fiction of Joseph Conrad, was published in 2007. He has edited two of Conrad’s novelsforOxfordWorld’sClassicsandhaspublishedmanyarticleson Conrad’s fiction. The fourth edition of his A Glossary of Contemporary LiteraryTheorywaspublishedin2000,andthefiftheditionofhisStudying theNovelin2005,bothbyArnold. JakobLotheisProfessorofEnglishLiteratureattheUniversityofOslo. His books include Conrad’s Narrative Method (1989) and Narrative in Fiction and Film (2000). The author of numerous articles, he has edited or co-edited several volumes including European and Nordic Modernisms (2004), The Art of Brevity (2004), and Joseph Conrad: Voice, Sequence, History, Genre (2008). In 2005–2006 he was the leader of the research project‘Narrativetheoryandanalysis’attheCentreforAdvancedStudy, Oslo. MerryM.PawlowskiteachesatCaliforniaStateUniversity,Bakersfield. She is the author of Virginia Woolf and Fascism: Resisting the Dictators’ NotesontheContributors ix Seduction(PalgraveMacmillan,2001).Herarticle‘VirginiaWoolf’sVeil: TheFeministIntellectualandtheOrganizationofPublicSpace’isforth- coming in Modern Fiction Studies 53(4). Her work has also appeared in several volumes of Woolf Studies Annual, including the recent ‘Expos- ingMasculineSpectacle:VirginiaWoolf’sNewspaperClippingsforThree Guineas as Contemporary Cultural History’, Woolf Studies Annual 9 (2003),pp.116–140. FrederikTygstrupisDirectoroftheCopenhagenDoctoralSchoolinCul- tural Studies, and Associate Professor of Comparative Literature at the University of Copenhagen. His primary specialization is in the history andtheoryoftheEuropeannovel,documentedinthetwomonographs FictionsofExperience:TheEuropeanNovel1615–1857(1992)andInSearch oftheReal:Essaysonthe20thCenturyNovel(2000),bothinDanish.His presentresearchinterestsfocusontheintersectionsofartisticandother social practices, including urban aesthetics, the history of representa- tions and experiences of space, literature and medicine, literature and geography,andliteratureandpolitics. Marita Wenzel is Associate Professor of English at North-West University,Potchefstroom(SouthAfrica).Herparticularfieldsofinterest areFeministStudies,ComparativeLiterature(SouthAfrican,postcolonial andLatinAmericannovels)andTranslationStudies.Apartfromregular internationalconferenceattendance,shehasalsopublishedseveralart- icles on South African and Latin American writers. She is a member of the English Academy of Southern Africa, the International Comparat- iveLiteratureAssociation,theEuropeanAssociationforCommonwealth LiteratureandLanguageStudiesandaformermemberoftheUniversity ofSouthAfricaCentreforLatinAmericanStudies.Sheisalsoanaccred- itedtranslatorandexaminerfortheSouthAfricanTranslators’Institute (Afrikaans,SpanishandGermanintoEnglish). Merle A. Williams is Personal Professor of English at the University of theWitwatersrand,Johannesburg,andAssistantDeanforGraduateStud- iesintheFacultyofHumanities.SheistheauthorofHenryJamesandthe Philosophical Novel: Being and Seeing (1993), and is currently complet- ingamonographentitledTheChallengeofPrometheus:AReassessmentof Shelley’s Thought. She has written articles and book chapters on aspects ofRomanticpoetry,aswellasonHenryJamesinrelationtoModernism andtheinterplaybetweenliterarytextsandcontemporaryContinental Philosophy.

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