LITERARY ARTISTRY IN LEVITICUS BIBLICAL INTERPRETATION SERIES Editors R. ALAN CULPEPPER ROLF RENDTORFF Assistant Editor DAVID E. ORTON Editorial Advisory Board JANICE CAPEL ANDERSON ־ MIEKE BAL PHYLLIS A. BIRD · ERHARD BLUM ־ ROBERT P. CARROLL WERNER H. KELBER · EKKEHARD STEGEMANN ANTHONY C. THISELTON · VINCENT L. WIMBUSH · JEAN ZUMSTEIN VOLUME 35 '6 8ל ' LITERARY ARTISTRY IN LEVITICUS BY WILFRIED WARNING ' / 6 8 י ' BRILL LEIDEN · BOSTON · KÖLN 1999 This book is printed on acid-free paper. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Warning, Wilfried. Literary artistry in Leviticus / by Wilfried Warning. p. cm. — (Biblical interpretation series, ISSN 0928-0731 ; v. 35) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 9004112359 1. Bible. O.T. Leviticus—Criticism, interpretation, etc. 2. Bible. O.T. Leviticus—Language, style. I. Title. II. Series. BS1255.2.W37 1998 222'. 1306—dc21 98-30142 CIP Die Deutsche Bibliothek - CIP-Einheitsaufnahme Warning, Wilfried: Literary artistry in Leviticus / by Wilfried Warning. - Leiden ; Boston ; Köln : Brill, 1998 (Biblical interpretation series ; Vol. 35) ISBN 90-04-11235-9 ISSN 0928-0731 ISBN 90 04 11235 9 © Copyright 1999 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Brill provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910 Danvers MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. PRINTED IN THE NETHERLANDS For Salwa and Naila TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Abbreviations xi Preface xiii Acknowledgments xv I INTRODUCTION 1 Introduction and Statement of the Problem 1 Purpose and Scope of Study 7 Review of Literature 7 Recent Studies on "P" and "H" 8 Recently Suggested Structures 14 Justification for the Study 19 Methodology and Delimitations 20 Considerations on Rhetorical Criticism 20 Definitions 22 Procedure 25 The Number "Seven" 27 Chiastic Structures 30 Numerological Structures 32 Open-Envelope Structures 32 Envelope Structures 33 Identical Verbal/Nominal Structures 33 Summary 34 II THE DIVINE SPEECHES 37 The Thirty-Seven DS of Leviticus 38 Lev 16:1—A Distinct DS? , 42 The Structural Role of Lev 1-3 and 27 46 Lev 11 49 The Noun המהב 50 The Verb עגנ 51 The Verb הלע 52 The Noun ץרא 53 The Noun שפנ 54 The Noun היח 55 The Particle לכ 56 Excursus: Lev 1-5 in Relation to 6-7 57 Summary and Conclusions 62 III MICROSTRUCTURAL ASPECTS OF LEVITICUS.... 65 The Verb רבה as Structural Device 65 Structures Based on the Number Seven 66 The לכ Structure in Lev 1-3 67 The לכ Structure in Lev 8:1-10:7 70 The לכ Particle in Lev 14 72 The לכ Particle in Lev 27 73 The Noun םר in Lev 6:1-7:37 73 The Noun םד in Lev 14 74 The Noun שא in Lev 8:1-10:7 75 The Root שדק in Lev 10:8-20 76 The Term ל ץוחמ in Lev 13-14 76 The Noun ץרא in Lev 19 77 The Verb ןתנ in Lev 20 78 The Verb היה in Lev 22 80 The Noun גח and the Verb גגח in Lev 23 81 Chiastic Structures 82 The Noun שפנ in Lev 4-5 82 The Verb רטק in Lev 6-7 84 The Verb טחש in Lev 14 85 The Noun דגב in Lev 16 86 The Noun הכאלמ in Lev 23 89 The Phrase םכל היהי in Lev 23 90 Excursus: Lev 24 in Its Present Position 92 The Verbs בקנ and ללק in Lev 24 96 The Noun ρ in Lev 24 and 27 97 The Phrase םירצמ ץרא in Lev 25-26 98 The Verb לעג in Lev 26 100 Numerological Structures 101 The Phrase ייל (חחינ חיר) השא in Lev 1-3 102 Numerals in Lev 13-14 103 The Verb חקל in Lev 14 105 The Verb ץחר in Lev 15 106 The Phrase (םכיהלא)יי ינא in Lev 19 107 The Noun שדח in Lev 23 and Num 28-29 109 The Verb ןתנ in Lev 14 and 25-26 110 The Noun ץרא in Lev 25-26 113 Open-Envelope Structures 115 The Divine ינא in Lev 18 115 The Verb תומ in Lev 20 116 The Term שיא / שיא שיא in Lev 22 117 The Noun תירב and the Verb ררפ in Lev 26 118 The Noun לקש in Lev 27 119 Envelope Structures 120 The Verb אצי in Lev 8-10 120 The Phrase דעומ להא חתפ in Lev 17 121 The Noun הקח in Lev 18 121 A Wordplay on השא and השא in Lev 21 122 The Verb הצר and the Noun ןוצר in Lev 22 123 Identical Verbal/ Nominal Forms 124 The Verb אוב in Lev 16 124 The Verb השע in Lev 23 126 Summary and Conclusions 129 IV MACROSTRUCTURAL ASPECTS OF LEVITICUS .. 133 Seven-part Structures 133 The Noun תכרפ 133 The Verb רבש 134 The Noun יוג 135 Chiastic Structures 136 The Verb קצי 136 The Verb לבט 138 The Phrase םירצמ ץרא 139 Numerological Structures 142 The Noun תוילכ 142 The Verb חלס 143 The Verb אצמ 144 The Verb חלש 145 The Verb ארי 146 The Phrase חבזמה דוסי לא 147 The Noun ןרק 148 The Noun רקב 149 The Verb ךפש 150 The Phrase ביבס חבזמה לע 152 The Noun ריעש 152
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