Liquid Crystal on Silicon Devices: Modeling and Advanced Spatial Light Modulation Applications PDF
Preview Liquid Crystal on Silicon Devices: Modeling and Advanced Spatial Light Modulation Applications
applied sciences Liquid Crystal on Silicon Devices Modeling and Advanced Spatial Light Modulation Applications Edited by Andrés Márquez and Ángel Lizana Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Applied Sciences www.mdpi.com/journal/applsci Liquid Crystal on Silicon Devices Liquid Crystal on Silicon Devices: Modeling and Advanced Spatial Light Modulation Applications SpecialIssueEditors Andre´sMa´rquez A´ngelLizana MDPI•Basel•Beijing•Wuhan•Barcelona•Belgrade SpecialIssueEditors Andre´sMa´rquez A´ngel Lizana UniversityofAlicante Universitat Aut`onomad e Barcelona Spain Spain EditorialOffice MDPI St.Alban-Anlage66 4052Basel,Switzerland This is a reprint of articles from the Special Issue published online in the open access journal AppliedSciences(ISSN2076-3417)from2018to2019(availableat: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/ applsci/specialissues/LCoS). Forcitationpurposes,citeeacharticleindependentlyasindicatedonthearticlepageonlineandas indicatedbelow: LastName, A.A.; LastName, B.B.; LastName, C.C.ArticleTitle. JournalNameYear, ArticleNumber, PageRange. ISBN978-3-03921-828-8(Pbk) ISBN978-3-03921-829-5(PDF) (cid:2)c 2019bytheauthors. ArticlesinthisbookareOpenAccessanddistributedundertheCreative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon publishedarticles,aslongastheauthorandpublisherareproperlycredited,whichensuresmaximum disseminationandawiderimpactofourpublications. ThebookasawholeisdistributedbyMDPIunderthetermsandconditionsoftheCreativeCommons licenseCCBY-NC-ND. Contents AbouttheSpecialIssueEditors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Andre´sMa´rquezandA´ngelLizana Special Issue on Liquid Crystal on Silicon Devices: Modeling and Advanced Spatial Light ModulationApplications Reprintedfrom:Appl.Sci.2019,9,3049,doi:10.3390/app9153049. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Huang-MingPhilipChen,Jhou-PuYang,Hao-TingYen,Zheng-NingHsu,YugeHuangand Shin-TsonWu PursuingHighQualityPhase-OnlyLiquidCrystalonSilicon(LCoS)Devices Reprintedfrom:Appl.Sci.2018,8,2323,doi:10.3390/app8112323. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 RujiaLiandLiangcaiCao ProgressinPhaseCalibrationforLiquidCrystalSpatialLightModulators Reprintedfrom:Appl.Sci.2019,9,2012,doi:10.3390/app9102012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 AlexanderAndreev,TatianaAndreeva,IgorKompanetsandNikolayZalyapin Helix-FreeFerroelectricLiquidCrystals:ElectroOpticsandPossibleApplications Reprintedfrom:Appl.Sci.2018,8,2429,doi:10.3390/app8122429. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 LiliPei,DajieHuang,WeiFan,HeChengandXuechunLi Phase-Only Optically Addressable Spatial-Light Modulator and On-Line Phase-Modulation DetectionSystem Reprintedfrom:Appl.Sci.2018,8,1812,doi:10.3390/app8101812. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 YugeHuang,EngleLiao,RanChenandShin-TsonWu Liquid-Crystal-on-SiliconforAugmentedRealityDisplays Reprintedfrom:Appl.Sci.2018,8,2366,doi:10.3390/app8122366. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 JamiesonChristmasandNeilCollings DisplaysBasedonDynamicPhase-OnlyHolography Reprintedfrom:Appl.Sci.2018,8,685,doi:10.3390/app8050685 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 JeffreyA.Davis,TrevorI.Hall,IgnacioMoreno,JasonP.SorgerandDonM.Cottrell ProgrammableZoomLensSystemwithTwoSpatialLightModulators:LimitsImposedbythe SpatialResolution Reprintedfrom:Appl.Sci.2018,8,1006,doi:10.3390/app8061006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 Fco. Javier Mart´ınez-Guardiola, Andre´s Ma´rquez, Eva M. Calzado, Sergio Bleda, Sergi Gallego, Inmaculada Pascual and Augusto Bele´ndez Anamorphic and Local Characterization of a Holographic Data Storage System with a Liquid-Crystal on Silicon Microdisplay as Data Pager Reprintedfrom:Appl.Sci.2018,8,986,doi:10.3390/app8060986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 StefanRothe,HannesRadner,NektariosKoukourakisandJu¨rgenW.Czarske TransmissionMatrixMeasurementofMultimodeOpticalFibersbyMode-SelectiveExcitation UsingOneSpatialLightModulator Reprintedfrom:Appl.Sci.2019,9,195,doi:10.3390/app9010195 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 v Haolin Zhang, Angel Lizana, Albert Van Eeckhout, Alex Turpin, Claudio Ramirez, Claudio Iemmi and Juan Campos Microparticle Manipulation and Imaging through a Self-Calibrated Liquid Crystal on Silicon Display Reprintedfrom:Appl.Sci.2018,8,2310,doi:10.3390/app8112310. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 ElisabetPe´rez-Cabre´andMar´ıaSagrarioMilla´n LiquidCrystalSpatialLightModulatorwithOptimizedPhaseModulationRangestoDisplay MultiorderDiffractiveElements Reprintedfrom:Appl.Sci.2019,9,2592,doi:10.3390/app9132592. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 vi About the Special Issue Editors Andr´es M´arquez received his MSc (1997) and PhD (2001) degrees in physics from the Universidad Auto´noma de Barcelona. Since 2000 he has been with the Group of Holography and Optical Processing, Universidad de Alicante (UA). He is Professor of Applied Physics in the Department of Physics, Systems Engineering, and Signal Theory (FISTS), where he has been Head of the Department. He is currently the Director of the Research Institute of Physics Applied to Sciences and Technologies at the UA. His research focuses on holographic recording materials and holographic memories, spatial light modulators based on liquid crystal, optical image processing, and diffractive optics. He has published more than 180 articles, and has more than 220 communications in congresses (16 invited). He is co-author of four book chapters, co-editor of five SPIE Proceedings Volumes, and co-inventor of one patent. He is senior member of OSA and Fellow of SPIE. A´ngel Lizana completed his MSc degree in Physics and PhD in Physics at the Autonomous University of Barcelona (Spain) in 2006 and 2011, respectively. His research interests include liquid crystal displays and their application to diffractive optics, as well as the design and implementation of polarimeters, and their application to biophotonics. He was a postdoctoral scientist in the PICM laboratory of the E´cole Polytechnique (France) in 2011–12 and in 2013–2014, where he has worked on the optimization and implementation of a polarimeter working in the infrared spectrum and on the analysis of polarimetric information for its application to the characterization of samples. Dr. Lizana has been an Associate Professor at the Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB) since 2016. He is member of the SPIE and of Sociedad Espa ˜nola de O´ptica (SEDOPTICA). He was appointed General Secretary of SEDOPTICA in 2019. vii applied sciences Editorial Special Issue on Liquid Crystal on Silicon Devices: Modeling and Advanced Spatial Light Modulation Applications AndrésMárquez1,2,*andÁngelLizana3,* 1 InstitutoUniversitariodeFísicaAplicadaalasCienciasylasTecnologías(IUFACyT), UniversidaddeAlicante,03690Alicante,Spain 2 DepartamentodeFísica,IngenieríadeSistemasyTeoríadelaSeñal,UniversidaddeAlicante,Ap.99, 03080Alicante,Spain 3 DepartamentodeFísica,UniversitatAutònomadeBarcelona,08193Bellaterra,Spain * Correspondence:[email protected](A.M.);[email protected](Á.L.) Received:16July2019;Accepted:26July2019;Published:29July2019 1.Introduction Sincethefirstliquidcrystaldisplays(LCDs)atthebeginningoftheseventies—basedonthe twisted-nematiccellconfiguration[1]—LC-baseddevices[2]haveshownagreatpotentialnotonlyas adisplaytechnology,butalsoforspatiallightmodulationapplications. AmongthedifferentLC-basedtechnologies,liquidcrystalonsilicon(LCoS)hasbecomeoneofthe mostwidespreadtechnologiesforspatiallightmodulationinopticsandphotonics’applications[3–6]. Thesereflectivemicrodisplaysarecomposedofahigh-performancesiliconcomplementarymetal oxidesemiconductor(CMOS)backplane,whichcontrolstheliquidcrystallayer’slightmodulating properties.State-of-the-artLCoSmicrodisplaysmayexhibitaverysmallpixelpitch(below4μm),a verylargenumberofpixels(resolutionslargerthan4K),andhighfillfactors(largerthan90%).They modulateilluminationsourcescoveringtheUV,visible,andIR. LCoStechnologiesareusedasdisplaysaswellaspolarization,amplitude,andphase-onlyspatial lightmodulators, wheretheyachievefullphasemodulation. Duetotheirexcellentmodulating properties and high degree of flexibility, they are found in all sorts of spatial light modulation applications, suchasinLCoS-baseddisplaysystemsforaugmentedandvirtualreality, head-up display,head-mounteddisplay,projector,trueholographicdisplays,digitalholography,opticalstorage, adaptive optics, diffractive optical elements, super-resolution optical systems, optical metrology techniques,reconfigurableinterconnects,beam-steeringdevices,wavelengthselectiveswitchesin opticaltelecommunications,wave-frontsensingofstructuredlightbeams,holographicopticaltraps, orquantumopticalcomputing. Inordertofulfilltherequirementsinthisextensiverangeofapplications,specificmodelsand characterizationtechniquesareproposed.Thesedevicesmayexhibitanumberofdegradationeffects such as limited modulation range for high spatial frequency image content, interpixel cross-talk andfringingfield,andtimeflicker,whichmayalsodependontheanalogordigitalbackplaneof the corresponding LCoS device. Appropriate characterization andcompensation techniques are thennecessary. 2.SpecialIssuePapers ThisspecialissueprovidesacollectionofpapersdemonstratingtheimpactofLCoSmicrodisplays incurrentandfuturespatiallightmodulationapplications.State-of-the-artinLCoSdevicetechnology, LCmaterials,modelingandcharacterizationtechniquesarepresented. Appl.Sci.2019,9,3049;doi:10.3390/app9153049 1 www.mdpi.com/journal/applsci
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