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Lion and the Tiger : The Rise and Fall of the British Raj, 1600-1947 PDF

249 Pages·2010·1.05 MB·English
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Preview Lion and the Tiger : The Rise and Fall of the British Raj, 1600-1947

the lion and the tiger Denis Judd is Professor of British Imperial, Common- wealth, and Indian History at the London Metropolitan University. He is the author of numerous books, including the best-selling Empire: the British Imperial Experience from 1865 to the Present (Phoenix Press, 2001) and, most recently,The Boer War(John Murray, 2003). He has writ- ten radio documentaries for BBC Radio 4 and the World Service, and has broadcast many times as a presenter, consultant, and major interviewee for television and radio programmes, most recently for BBC TV Newsnight, BBC Radio 3 Nightwaves, Channel 4, ITV, South African TV, and for BBC Radio 4’s ‘Vestiges – the British Empire’. This page intentionally left blank THE LION AND THE TIGER The Rise and Fall of the British Raj, 1600‒1947 denis judd 1 3 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford ox2 6dp Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town DaresSalaam HongKong Karachi KualaLumpur Madrid Melbourne MexicoCity Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offices in Argentina Austria Brazil Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan South Korea Poland Portugal Singapore Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York © Denis Judd The moral rights of the author has been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) First published 2004 First published as an Oxford University Press Paperback2005 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this book in any other binding or cover and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Data available ISBN0‒19‒280579‒7 1 3 5 7 9 10 8 6 4 2 Typeset by Footnote Graphics Limited, Warminster, Wiltshire Printed in Great Britain on acid-free paper by Clays Ltd, St Ives plc To Sam, may you go from strength to strength This page intentionally left blank Preface The author would like to thank a number of people who have been vital to the writing and publication of this book. Thanks first of all to Katharine Reeve for commissioning the book, and for her enthusiastic support throughout. Thanks also to Emily Jolliffe for her friendly editorial help, and to Hilary Walford for her extraordinarily meticulous copy-editing. Sarah Kidd and Kate Farquhar-Thomson have been wonderful publicists. The London Metropoli- tan University provided generous research relief. Without the intelligent, good-humoured, and efficient assistance of Meryl Wilson it is doubtful whether the book would have got to press on time and in so good a shape. Finally, I would like to dedicate this book to my oldest grandson, 7 Sam, aged , who has had so much to cope with over the last few years, but who has maintained throughout not only his courage but also his passionate interest in books. I hope that one day this book will be enjoyed by him. Denis Judd 2004 London, This page intentionally left blank Contents List of Plates xi 1. ‘To fly to India for gold’: Early Contacts, 1583 1615 1 – 2. ‘Infamous for their honest endeavours’: 1615 1708 14 Laying Foundations, – 3. Conquest and Corruption: The Struggle 1708 1815 28 for Supremacy, – 4. ‘The great ends we have in view’: The East India Company as Paramount Power, 1815 1857 46 – 5. ‘The devil’s wind’: The Great Indian 1857 1858 70 Uprising, or Mutiny, of – 6. Lords of All they Surveyed? The Raj at its 1858 1905 91 Zenith, – ix

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The British experience in India began in earnest over four hundred years ago, during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I. For many years the English interlopers and traders who made contact with the subcontinent were viewed by Indians as little more than pirates and potentially troublesome conquering bar
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