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Linux ® Bible 2006 Edition Boot Up to Fedora™, KNOPPIX, Debian®, SUSE™, Ubuntu™, and 7 Other Distributions Christopher Negus 01_754897 ffirs.qxp 12/19/05 8:52 PM Page iii Linux ® Bible 2006 Edition 01_754897 ffirs.qxp 12/19/05 8:52 PM Page i 01_754897 ffirs.qxp 12/19/05 8:52 PM Page ii Linux ® Bible 2006 Edition Boot Up to Fedora™, KNOPPIX, Debian®, SUSE™, Ubuntu™, and 7 Other Distributions Christopher Negus 01_754897 ffirs.qxp 12/19/05 8:52 PM Page iii Linux® Bible 2006 Edition: Boot Up to Fedora™, KNOPPIX, Debian®, SUSE™, Ubuntu™, and 7 Other Distributions Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc. 10475 Crosspoint Boulevard Indianapolis, IN 46256 www.wiley.com Copyright © 2006 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana Published simultaneously in Canada ISBN-13: 978-0-471-75489-3 ISBN-10: 0-471-75489-7 Manufactured in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1O/RS/QR/QW/IN No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8600. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Legal Department, Wiley Publishing, Inc., 10475 Crosspoint Blvd., Indianapolis, IN 46256, (317) 572-3447, fax (317) 572-4355, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions. LIMIT OF LIABILITY/DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY: THE PUBLISHER AND THE AUTHOR MAKE NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES WITH RESPECT TO THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF THE CONTENTS OF THIS WORK AND SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION WARRANTIES OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. NO WARRANTY MAY BE CREATED OR EXTENDED BY SALES OR PROMOTIONAL MATERIALS. THE ADVICE AND STRATEGIES CONTAINED HEREIN MAY NOT BE SUITABLE FOR EVERY SITUATION. THIS WORK IS SOLD WITH THE UNDERSTANDING THAT THE PUBLISHER IS NOT ENGAGED IN RENDERING LEGAL, ACCOUNTING, OR OTHER PROFESSIONAL SERVICES. IF PROFESSIONAL ASSISTANCE IS REQUIRED, THE SERVICES OF A COMPETENT PROFESSIONAL PERSON SHOULD BE SOUGHT. NEITHER THE PUBLISHER NOR THE AUTHOR SHALL BE LIABLE FOR DAMAGES ARISING HEREFROM. THE FACT THAT AN ORGANIZATION OR WEBSITE IS REFERRED TO IN THIS WORK AS A CITATION AND/OR A POTENTIAL SOURCE OF FURTHER INFORMATION DOES NOT MEAN THAT THE AUTHOR OR THE PUBLISHER ENDORSES THE INFORMATION THE ORGANIZATION OR WEBSITE MAY PROVIDE OR RECOMMENDATIONS IT MAY MAKE. FURTHER, READERS SHOULD BE AWARE THAT INTERNET WEBSITES LISTED IN THIS WORK MAY HAVE CHANGED OR DISAPPEARED BETWEEN WHEN THIS WORK WAS WRITTEN AND WHEN IT IS READ. For general information on our other products and services or to obtain technical support, please contact our Customer Care Department within the U.S. at (800) 762-2974, outside the U.S. at (317) 572-3993 or fax (317) 572-4002. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Negus, Chris, 1957– Linux bible / Christopher Negus.—2006 ed. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN-13: 978-0-471-75489-3 (paper/dvd) ISBN-10: 0-471-75489-7 (paper/dvd) 1. Linux. 2. Operating systems (Computers) I. Title. QA76.76.O63N42143 2006 005.4'32—dc22 2005032276 Trademarks: Wiley and related trade dress are registered trademarks of Wiley Publishing, Inc., in the United States and other countries, and may not be used without written permission. Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds. Fedora is a trademark of Red Hat, Inc. Debian is a registered trademark of Software in the Public Interest, Inc. SUSE is a trademark of Novell, Inc. Ubuntu is a trademark of Canonical Limited Company. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Wiley Publishing, Inc., is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books. 01_754897 ffirs.qxp 12/19/05 8:52 PM Page iv About the Author Chris Negus has written or co-written dozens of books on Linux and UNIX, including Red Hat Linux Bible (all editions), Linux Troubleshooting Bible, and the recent Linux Toys II. For eight years he worked with the organization at AT&T that devel- oped UNIX before moving to Utah to help contribute to Novell’s short-lived UnixWare project in the early 1990s. When not writing about Linux, Chris enjoys playing soc- cer and just hanging out with his family. About the Contributing Authors Wayne Tucker is a Linux enthusiast and has been a professional system administrator for six years. He is currently a technical manager, systems administrator, and network engineer at an Internet company in Washington state. He lives in Bellingham, Washington, with his beloved wife, Danielle, whom he would like to thank for her patience while he was working on this project. His future projects include continuing his education and working on the things that have recently accumulated on his “honey-do” list. Kurt Wall is a professional technical writer by trade and a historian by training. These days, Kurt works for TimeSys Corporation in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. His primary responsibility is managing TimeSys’s Content Group. In addition to over- seeing production of the technical and end-user documentation of TimeSys’s embedded Linux operating system and development tools, he writes most of the documentation for TimeSys’s embedded Linux products and all of the content available on the TimeSys Network. Kurt has written or co-written 15 books on Linux system administration and programming topics and contributes the occa- sional product review to LinuxPlanet. In his spare time, he has no spare time. Kurt, who dislikes writing about himself in the third person, receives entirely too much e-mail at