Libertarian socialism: politics in black and red PDF
Preview Libertarian socialism: politics in black and red
Libertarian Socialism This page intentionally left blank Libertarian Socialism Politics in Black and Red Editedby Alex Prichard LecturerinInternationalRelations,DepartmentofPolitics,UniversityofExeter,UK Ruth Kinna ProfessorofPoliticalTheory,DepartmentofPolitics,HistoryandIR, LoughboroughUniversity,UK Saku Pinta IndependentScholar David Berry SeniorLecturerinHistory,DepartmentofPolitics,HistoryandIR, LoughboroughUniversity,UK ©AlexPrichard,RuthKinna,SakuPintaandDavidBerry2012 Allrightsreserved.Noreproduction,copyortransmissionofthis publicationmaybemadewithoutwrittenpermission. Noportionofthispublicationmaybereproduced,copiedortransmitted savewithwrittenpermissionorinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthe Copyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988,orunderthetermsofanylicence permittinglimitedcopyingissuedbytheCopyrightLicensingAgency, SaffronHouse,6–10KirbyStreet,LondonEC1N8TS. Anypersonwhodoesanyunauthorizedactinrelationtothispublication maybeliabletocriminalprosecutionandcivilclaimsfordamages. Theauthorshaveassertedtheirrightstobeidentifiedastheauthorsofthis workinaccordancewiththeCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988. Firstpublished2012by PALGRAVEMACMILLAN PalgraveMacmillanintheUKisanimprintofMacmillanPublishersLimited, registeredinEngland,companynumber785998,ofHoundmills,Basingstoke, HampshireRG216XS. PalgraveMacmillanintheUSisadivisionofStMartin’sPressLLC, 175FifthAvenue,NewYork,NY10010. PalgraveMacmillanistheglobalacademicimprintoftheabovecompanies andhascompaniesandrepresentativesthroughouttheworld. Palgrave®andMacmillan®areregisteredtrademarksintheUnitedStates, theUnitedKingdom,Europeandothercountries. ISBN978–0–230–28037–3 Thisbookisprintedonpapersuitableforrecyclingandmadefromfully managedandsustainedforestsources.Logging,pulpingandmanufacturing processesareexpectedtoconformtotheenvironmentalregulationsofthe countryoforigin. AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. AcatalogrecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheLibraryofCongress. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 PrintedandboundinGreatBritainby CPIAntonyRowe,ChippenhamandEastbourne Contents Acknowledgements vii NotesonContributors viii 1 Introduction 1 RuthKinnaandAlexPrichard 2 FreedomandDemocracy:Marxism,Anarchismandthe ProblemofHumanNature 17 PaulBlackledge 3 Anarchism,IndividualismandCommunism:WilliamMorris’s CritiqueofAnarcho-communism 35 RuthKinna 4 TheSyndicalistChallengeintheDurhamCoalfieldbefore 1914 57 LewisH.Mates 5 GeorgesSorel’sAnarcho-Marxism 78 RenzoLlorente 6 AntonioGramsci,Anarchism,SyndicalismandSovversivismo 96 CarlLevy 7 CouncilCommunistPerspectivesontheSpanishCivilWar andRevolution,1936–1939 116 SakuPinta 8 A‘BohemianFreelancer’?C.L.R.James,HisEarlyRelationship toAnarchismandtheIntellectualOriginsofAutonomism 143 ChristianHøgsbjerg 9 ‘WhiteSkin,BlackMasks’:MarxistandAnti-racistRoots ofContemporaryUSAnarchism 167 AndrewCornell 10 TheSearchforaLibertarianCommunism:DanielGuérinand the‘Synthesis’ofMarxismandAnarchism 187 DavidBerry v vi Contents 11 SocialismeouBarbarieorthePartialEncountersbetween CriticalMarxismandLibertarianism 210 BenoîtChalland 12 BeyondBlackandRed:TheSituationistsandtheLegacy oftheWorkers’Movement 232 Jean-ChristopheAngaut 13 CarnivalandClass:AnarchismandCouncilisminAustralasia duringthe1970s 251 TobyBoraman 14 SituatingHardtandNegri 275 DavidBates 15 Conclusion:TowardsaLibertarianSocialismfor theTwenty-FirstCentury? 294 SakuPintaandDavidBerry Index 304 Acknowledgements We would like to thank our contributors to the volume for their patience and for responding so positively to editorial requests. The team at Palgrave has shown similar patience, and we thank them for this and their helpful advice and encouragement. We would also like to thank all the partici- pants at the ‘Is Black and Red Dead?’ conference held at the Centre for the Study of Social and Global Justice, University of Nottingham, UK, in September 2009, which provided the original inspiration for this collec- tion.SueSimpsonandTonyBurnsdeserveaspecialmentionfortheirhelp and support throughout. We would also like to acknowledge the generos- ityoftheUKPoliticalStudiesAssociation’sMarxistSpecialistGroupandthe PSA Anarchist Studies Network, who, in supporting this conference, made it possible for some of the contributors, and many others whose excellent papers could not be included, to meet and exchange ideas face-to-face in a convivialenvironment. vii Contributors Jean-Christophe Angaut has been Assistant Professor of Philosophy at the École Normale Supérieure de Lyon since 2006. His fields of research and teaching are nineteenth-century philosophy, political philosophy and con- nections between socialist, communist andanarchist thought.He has pub- lishedtwobooksontheyoungBakunin’sthought:Bakouninejeunehégélien– La philosophie et son dehors (2007) and La liberté des peuples – Bakounine et les révolutions de 1848 (2009). He has also published articles on Marx, Bakunin, Kropotkin, the Young Hegelian movement and the Situationists. He is a member of the editorial committee of the French anarchist journal Réfractions. DavidBatesisaprincipallecturerandDirectorofPoliticsandInternational RelationsintheDepartmentofAppliedSocialSciencesatCanterburyChrist ChurchUniversity,UK.Hisinterestsarefocusedprimarilyintheareaofrad- ical politics, including anti-capitalist forms of thinking. He has a particular concern with Marxist and post-Marxist approaches to socialist emanci- pation. More recently he has been interested in the critical relationship betweenMarxistandlibertarianradicalpolitics. David BerryisSeniorLecturerinHistoryatLoughboroughUniversity,UK. He was awarded his DPhil in French labour history from the University of Sussex, UK. His research area is the history of the Left and of labour movements in twentieth-century France. He has worked mostly on the French anarchist movement and ‘alternative Left’, and is currently work- ing on the life and ideas of Daniel Guérin (1904–1988) and the libertarian communist tradition from 1917 to the present. His publications include A History of the French Anarchist Movement, 1917–1945 (2009) and (edited jointlywithConstanceBantman)NewPerspectivesonAnarchism,Labourand Syndicalism: The Individual, the National and the Transnational (2010). Hav- ingbeeninvolvedforsomeyearswiththeJournalofContemporaryEuropean Studies (formerly the Journal of Area Studies), he is currently an associate editor and reviews editor of the journal Anarchist Studies. He is a member of the Centre International de Recherches sur l’Anarchisme, Lausanne and Marseille, of the Association for the Study of Modern and Contemporary FranceandoftheAnarchistStudiesNetwork. Paul Blackledge is Professor of Political Theory and UCU Branch Secre- tary at Leeds Metropolitan University, UK. He is author of Marxism and viii NotesonContributors ix Ethics (2012), Reflections on the Marxist Theory of History (2006) and Perry Anderson, Marxism and the New Left (2004). He is co-editor of Virtue and Politics (2011), Alasdair MacIntyre’s Engagement with Marxism (2008), Revolu- tionary Aristotelianism (2008) and Historical Materialism and Social Evolution (2002).HehaswrittenonMarxismandanarchisminTheEdinburghCritical HistoryofNineteenth-CenturyPhilosophy(2011)andinInternationalSocialism. HeisamemberoftheSocialistWorkersParty. Toby Boraman is an historian for the Waitangi Tribunal in Wellington, New Zealand. His research interests are labour history from below, (anti- state)communismandextra-parliamentaryprotestofthe1960sand1970s. He received his PhD in 2006 from the University of Otago in Dunedin, New Zealand, on the subjects of the New Left and anarchism in New Zealand.Afterwards,hepublishedahistoryofanarchismandanti-Bolshevik communism in New Zealand from the 1950s to the 1980s called Rabble Rousers and Merry Pranksters (2007). He has also published a book chapter and articles on the subjects of the New Left and working-class resis- tance to neoliberalism, and historical pieces on strikes and near riots in NewZealand. BenoîtChallandisavisitingassociateprofessorintheDepartmentofPoli- ticsoftheNewSchoolforSocialResearchandalecturerattheUniversityof Bologna,Italy.Heworksinthefieldofpoliticalandhistoricalsociology,with a particular interest in Arab politics and political theory. His publications include La Ligue Marxiste Révolutionaire, 1969–1980 (2000) and Palestinian Civil Society and Foreign Donors (2009). He is co-author, with Chiara Bottici, ofTheMythoftheClashofCivilizations(2010)andThePoliticsofImagination (edited2011). Andrew Cornell is an educator, author and organiser based in Brooklyn, New York. He holds a PhD in American studies from New York University, New York, USA, and is completing a study of anarchism in mid-twentieth- centuryUSA.HeistheauthorofOpposeandPropose!LessonsfromMovement foraNewSociety.HiswritingappearsinperiodicalssuchastheJournalforthe Study of Radicalism, Perspectives on Anarchist Theory and Left Turn magazine. HehasalsocontributedtothecollectionsTheUniversityagainstItself (2008) andTheHidden1970s:HistoriesofRadicalism(2010). Christian Høgsbjerg has completed a doctoral thesis on ‘C.L.R. James in ImperialBritain,1932–38’intheDepartmentofHistoryattheUniversityof York, UK, and is the editor of a special edition of C.L.R. James’s 1934 play abouttheHaitianRevolution,ToussaintLouverture:TheStoryoftheOnlySuc- cessful Slave Revolt inHistory (forthcoming).Heis amember oftheeditorial boardofthejournalInternationalSocialism.
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