LGBT Psychology and Mental Health: Emerging Research and Advances PDF
Preview LGBT Psychology and Mental Health: Emerging Research and Advances
LGBT Psychology and Mental Health Recent Titles in Practical and Applied Psychology The Powerful Bond between People and Pets: Our Boundless Connections to CompanionAnimals P.ElizabethAnderson SexualEnslavementofGirlsandWomenWorldwide AndreaParrotandNinaCummings The Global Muslim Community at a Crossroads: Understanding Religious Beliefs,Practices,andInfightingtoEndtheConflict AbdulBasit,Editor LivinginanEnvironmentallyTraumatizedWorld:HealingOurselvesandOur Planet DarlyneG.Nemeth,RobertB.Hamilton,andJudyKuriansky,Editors ThePsychologyofBlackBoysandAdolescents KirklandVaughansandWarrenSpielberg,Editors LucidDreaming:NewPerspectivesonConsciousnessinSleep RyanHurdandKellyBulkeley,Editors TheMythofBlackAnti-Intellectualism:ATruePsychologyofAfricanAmeri- canStudents KevinO.Cokley BorderlinePersonalityDisorder:NewPerspectivesonaStigmatizingandOver- usedDiagnosis JacquelineSimonGunnandBrentPotter Ecopsychology:AdvancesfromtheIntersectionofPsychologyandEnvironmen- talProtection DarlyneG.Nemeth,SetEditor,withRobertB.HamiltonandJudyKuriansky,Vol- umeEditors WeaponsofMassPsychologicalDestructionandthePeopleWhoUseThem LarryC.JamesandTerryL.Oroszi,Editors The Psychosocial Aspects of a Deadly Epidemic: What Ebola Has Taught Us aboutHolisticHealing JudyKuriansky,PhD,Editor LGBT Psychology and Mental Health Emerging Research and Advances Richard Ruth and Erik Santacruz, Editors Practical and Applied Psychology Judy Kuriansky, Series Editor Copyright©2017byABC-CLIO,LLC Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrieval system,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical, photocopying,recording,orotherwise,exceptfortheinclusionofbriefquotationsina review,withoutpriorpermissioninwritingfromthepublisher. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Names:Ruth,Richard,editor.|Santacruz,Erik,editor. Title:LGBTpsychologyandmentalhealth:emergingresearchandadvances/RichardRuthand ErikSantacruz,editors. Description:SantaBarbara,California:Praeger,[2017]|Series:Practicalandapplied psychology|Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. Identifiers:LCCN2017026566(print) | LCCN2017045823(ebook) | ISBN9781440843389 (ebook) | ISBN9781440843372(hardcopy:alk.paper) Subjects:LCSH:Sexualminorities—Mentalhealth. | Sexualminorities—Psychology. Classification:LCCRC451.4.G39(ebook) | LCCRC451.4.G39L482017(print) | DDC362.196/89008664—dc23 LCrecordavailableathttps://lccn.loc.gov/2017026566 ISBN:978–1–4408–4337–2(print) 978–1–4408–4338–9(ebook) 21 20 19 18 17 1 2 3 4 5 ThisbookisalsoavailableasaneBook. Praeger AnImprintofABC-CLIO,LLC ABC-CLIO,LLC 130CremonaDrive,P.O.Box1911 SantaBarbara,California93116-1911 www.abc-clio.com Thisbookisprintedonacid-freepaper ManufacturedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica Contents SeriesForeword vii JudyKuriansky 1 Introduction:WhyThisBookandWhatYouCanExpect 1 RichardRuthandErikSantacruz 2 NewDevelopmentsinLGBTDevelopment:What’sNewand What’s(Still)True 15 StephenL.Forssell 3 MakingPsychologyTrans-InclusiveandTrans-Affirmative: RecommendationsforResearchandPractice 47 RiddhiSandilandShaneHenise 4 HowContemporaryPsychoanalysisContributestoLGBTPsychology: ExaminingandAddressingGenderFluidityandDiversityasWe Slidetoward21st-CenturyTransformations 69 SharaSand 5 LGBTPsychologyandEthnicMinorityPerspectives:Intersectionality 87 BarbaraC.WallaceandErikSantacruz 6 IntersectionalFeminismandLGBTIQQA+Psychology: UnderstandingOurPresentbyExploringOurPast 109 DeannaN.CorandChristianD.Chan 7 CaughtattheIntersections:MicroaggressionstowardLesbian,Gay, Bisexual,Transgender,andQueerPeopleofColor 133 KevinL.Nadal,TanyaErazo,JuliaSchulman,HeatherHan,and TamaraDeutsch 8 AddictionsandSubstanceAbuseintheLGBTCommunity: NewApproaches 153 BarbaraC.WallaceandErikSantacruz vi Contents 9 HealthDisparitiesandLGBTPopulations 177 BarbaraC.WallaceandErikSantacruz 10 ChallengesinMovingtowardtheResolution,Reduction,and EliminationofHealthDisparitiesforLGBTPopulations 197 BarbaraC.WallaceandErikSantacruz 11 LGBTHealthandLGBTPsychology:EmergingPolicyIssues 217 RonaldL.Schlittler,MelissaJ.Grey,andTimothyPopanz 12 QualityandEquality:AnInterdisciplinaryGraduateProgramto DevelopAgentsofChangeinLGBTHealth 237 StephenL.Forssell,NathanielSwift-Erslev,ColinJ.Davis,Richard Ruth,AlyssaN.Zucker,SharonJ.Glezen,MerleCunningham, BlaineParrish,CarlG.StreedJr.,andRonaldL.Schlittler 13 GoingForward:SummaryandNewDirections 259 RichardRuthandErikSantacruz AbouttheEditors 267 AbouttheContributors 269 AboutthePracticalandAppliedPsychologySeriesandSeriesEditor 273 Index 275 Series Foreword WhenIfirstmetthecoeditorofthisbook,ErikSantacruz,hewasmystudentina graduateclassin“HumanIntimacyandSexuality”atTeachersCollege,Columbia University.Whenheexplainedhisclassprojectabout“barebacking”—unprotected sexriskingHIV/AIDSthatwasstillpersisting—Iimmediatelythoughtthatthis paperneededtobepublishedandinanewbookpresentingmanycurrentissues intheLGBTfield.Iencouragedhimcontinuallytodothis,andnowIamthrilled andproudthatheteamedwithanotherofhisgraduateprofessors,RichardRuth,to doso.Togethertheyhavecollectedchaptercontributorswithvariedandinterest- ingviewsthataddrichnesstoprofessionalandpersonalperspectivesinthefield. Mycommitmenttohighlightingnewdevelopmentsinthisfieldstemsback decades,when,asayoungresearcherindepressionandschizophrenia,myteam atColumbiaPsychiatricInstitutefirstbecameinvolvedinthesexualityfieldat therequestofMastersandJohnson(“thegrandparentsofsextherapy”)toevalu- atetheirtreatment.Thatledtomybeinginvitedontheteamdefiningthesex- uality criteria in the American Psychiatric Association’s then-Diagnostic and StatisticalManual’sthirdedition,miredindebatesabouthomosexualityasadis- easeandnow,decadeslater,freedfrompathologicalmodels.Alsointhoseearly days—waybeforeCaitlynJenner’sever-so-publicgendertransition—Iwasasked by a surgeon performing sex-reassignment surgery to evaluate patients’ emo- tionalstability(wheninfactseveralcandidatesweretooatriskformajordepres- sion) and subsequently developed holistic treatment plans, as my and others’ research and clinical practice evolved into new approaches to identity and behavior. Asa journalist,Ihavewatched thepublicevolve.MadonnakissedBritney SpearsonMTV,andKatyPerrysang“IKissedaGirl.”Now,theModernFamily TVshowhaspopulargaycharacters.Astudentatmyalmamater,SmithCol- lege,insistedon beingcalled“It.”Aftersomanydistresscallsoverdecadesto my radio talk show, youth questioning their choice of partners welcomed the chapter in my Generation Sex book, “Guys Who Like Guys Who Like Girls WhoDoGirlsWhoDoGuysLikeThey’reGirls...,”whichaddressedbehavior viii Series Foreword now considered normal.And atthetalkback Idid after aplay,LastSunday in June,audiencesnoticedthatgayrelationshipsfacesimilarjealousiesanddevo- tionsasheterosexualones. Thisbookisimportanttosomanypublicandprofessionalgroups,asthechap- ters present new perspectives and models about the LGBT community, espe- cially important today in our political and social media climate. Chapter contributorsintroduceustomanytermssomemayfindneworunfamiliar,such as“sexualnonconformity,” “cisgender,” and “intersectionality” (an important termrelatedtodiversity)and evenLGBTIQQA+—anacronymIhavetaught in my classes. As the authors themselves conclude, that there is still so much moretoexplore,Iwonderwhatletterscanbeaddedtothatacronym,asmore insightscometolightinthisimportantfield. JudyKuriansky,PhD SeriesEditor,PracticalandAppliedPsychology 1 Introduction: Why This Book and What You Can Expect Richard Ruth and Erik Santacruz WHYTHISBOOK? LGBTpsychologyaffirmsthatcomingoutisalifelongprocess,butonewith key inflection points (Gonsiorek & Rudolph, 1991; Reynolds & Hanjorgiris, 2000; Rivers & Gordon, 2010). The same can be said for LGBT psychology and LGBT mental health more broadly. It is now more than 50 years since Hooker’sseminalresearchaffirmedthatgaynessandlesbianismarepsychologi- callyhealthy(Hooker,1993);someofourfoundingthinkersandpioneerclini- cians are no longer with us (Isay, 1997, 2010). Our grounding texts include severalnowinextensivelyrevisedversions(Bieschke,Perez,&DeBord,2007; Clarke,Ellis,Peel,&Riggs,2010;Garnets&Kimmel,2003;Greene&Croom, 2000),andnewcollectionsofgroundbreakingtheoryandscienceemergeregu- larly (Glassgold & Drescher, 2014; Lewis & Marshall, 2011; Patterson & D’Augelli,2012;Singh&dickey,2016).AJanuary31, 2016,GoogleScholar searchforpublicationsonLGBTpsychologyyieldedmorethan744,000results, a number that will certainly grow by the time you read this. The American Psychological Association (APA) now has guidelines for LGB and trans and gender-nonconforming practice (American Psychological Association, 2011, 2015)thatrepresentthecollectivevalues,will,andvisionoftheprofession. SoitseemsfairtoagreethatLGBTpsychology“cameout”longagoandhas become a vibrant, diverse field in its own right. But that development brings withitchallengesofitsown. DefinitionalChallenges Our field does not have consensual, operationalized definitions of who les- bian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and gender-nonconforming people are. We know,fromworkthatbuildsonKinsey’searlyresearch,thatsexualorientation lies on a spectrum, likely with more lying in the middle than at either end
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