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Lexicon Historiographicum Graecum et Latinum EDIZIONI DELLA NORMALE Abbreviazioni usate nel fascicolo: lessici, raccolte, opere generali e di consultazione Sono elencate solo le abbreviazioni non comprese nell'OCD (Oxford Classical Dictionary, Oxford-New York 19963). Boisacq, DELG Mauersberger et al., Poiyb.-Lex. E. Boisacq, Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue A. Mauersberger et al., Polybios-Lexicon, im Auftrage grecque, étudiée dans ses rapports avec les autres der Deutschen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu langues indo-européennes, Heidelberg 19504 Berlin, I-, Berlin 1956-; I, 1, Berlin 20002 Chantraine, DELG Powell, Lexicon P. Chantraine, Dictionnaire étymologique de la J.E. Powell, A Lexicon to Herodotus, Cambridge 1938 langue grecque. Histoire des mots, Paris 1968 [1999, con supplemento] Classen-Steup Thukydides, erklàrt von J. Classen, bearbeitet von J. Steup, i-yill, Berlin 1892-192235 Frisk, GEW H. Frisk, Griechisches etymologisches Wòrterbuch, l- III, Heidelberg 1960-1972 How-Wells W.W. How, J, Wells, A Commentary on Herodotus, l-ll, Oxford 19282 HRR Historicorum Romanorum reliquiae, disp., ree., praef. est H. Peter, I2, Lipsiae 1914; II, Lipsiae 1906 IOSPE Inscriptiones antiquae orae septentrionalis Ponti Euxini Graecae et Latinae, ed. B. Latyschev, l-ll, IV, Petropoli 1890-19162 [Hildesheim 1965] LFE Lexikon des fruhgriechischen Epos, begrùndet von B. Snell, Gottingen 1955 Lexicon Historiographicum Graecum et Latinum (LHG&L) EDIZIONI DELLA NORMALE ideato da Giuseppe Nenci diretto da Carmine Ampolo e Ugo Fantasia coordinamento di Leone Porciani redazione di Donatella Erdas, Maria Ida Gulletta, Anna Magnetto, Chiara Michelini © 2007 Scuola Normale Superiore Pisa ISBN 978-88-7642487-7 2. αλ-αφ Avvertenza A. Struttura delle voci 1. etimologia 2. termini linguisticamente connessi, limitatamente a quelli significativi in rapporto alla trattazione 3. onomasticon: eventuali personificazioni 4- attestazioni lessicografiche 5. bibliografia 6. trattazione. B. Abbreviazioni Per gli autori greci sono usate le abbreviazioni del norma, le abbreviazioni dell ’Oxford Classical dizionario di Liddell, Scott e Jones (LSJ, Oxford Dictionary (Oxford-New York 19963); quelle 1925Ί9409, con il supplemento riveduto a cura di che non vi compaiono e quelle per le quali, P.G.W. Giare, 1996). Fanno eccezione i seguenti in omaggio alle consuetudini più consolidate, casi: Aesch. (Eschilo), Aristoph., Cass. Dio, si è scelto di seguire altri criteri sono indicate Demosth., Diod. (Diodoro Siculo), Dion. Hai., in ogni fascicolo. Per i periodici si seguono le Eurip., Joseph., Plut., Polyb., Soph. (Sofocle), convenzioni dell’Année philologique; i titoli lì non Steph. Byz., Thuc., Xenoph. (Senofonte). Lo presenti vengono riportati per esteso. stesso criterio vale per i titoli delle opere, con queste eccezioni: Adi. poi. (Costituzione degli Nell’edizione finale dell’LHG&L comparirà Ateniesi aristotelica e dello Pseudo-Senofonte), l’elenco completo delle abbreviazioni impiegate. Hell. (Elleniche di Senofonte), mor. (Moralia di Plutarco). Le maiuscole sono ridotte ovunque possibile. Per gli autori e i testi latini si segue il modello del Thesaurus linguae Latinae, Lipsiae 1900-. F. Jacoby, Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (Berlin-Leiden 1923-), come naturalmente la sua continuazione ora in corso, viene abbreviato FGrHist. Per le altre grandi raccolte di frammenti, per quelle epigrafiche e papirologiche, per i lessici e le altre opere generali e di consultazione si adottano, di 7 αλήθεια αλήθεια (Dor. άλάθεια, Ion. άληθείη), «Truth, personified by certain poets, but too frail truth, the truth, the real situation, the actual in its popular influence to win public recognition circumstances, reality; truthfulness as a divine force». The historians sometimes speak of a as a 1. divinity; Polybius calls her «the greatest goddess» Feminine substantive from the adjective with the «greatest power», and he remarks that, αληθή?, which has two possible derivations: either though slow at times, she always in the end shows ά + λήθο?/λάθο? «that which is not concealed» her power: και μοι δοκεΐ μεγίστην θεόν τοΐ? (Unverborgenheit); or à + λήθη «that which is not άνθρωποι? ή φύσι? άποδεΐξαι την άλήθειαν, καί forgotten» (Unvergessenheit). Discussion of the μεγίστην αύτή προσθεΐναι δύναμιν. πάντων γοΰν word’s origin has been extensive, exacerbated αυτήν καταγωνιζομένων, ενίοτε και πασών των perhaps by the importance attributed to the πιθανοτήτων μετά τού ψεύδου? ταττομόνων, ούκ etymology by Heidegger, who argued strongly for ο!δ’ δπω? αύτή δι’ αύτή? εί? τα? ψυχά? είσδύεται the former meaning. See Chantraine, DELG των ανθρώπων, καί ποτέ μεν παραχρήμα δείκνυσι 618-9; Frisk, GEW 71. Snell 1975, 91 points τήν αύτή? δύναμιν, ποτέ δε κα'ι πολύν χρόνον out that, since λανθάνω and λήθη come ultimately έπισκοτιθεΐσα, τελο? αύτή δι’ αύτή? επικρατεί from the same root, the difference is merely one of και καταγωνί£εται τό ψεΰδο? κτλ. (13, 5, 4-6; cf. aspect, subjective or objective. Walbank, HCP, II, 419, who says that although Truth is personified here, «this is little more than a 2. manner of speech»; Diodorus’ remark that history αληθεύω «to speak the truth»; άληθίόομαι «to is the «priestess of truth», cited infra, 14, and Luc., tell the truth»; άληθινολογία «the speaking of hist, corner., 70, θυτεον τή άληθείη, must similarly truth»; φιλαλήθειο?/φιλαλήθη? « truth-loving». 3 be figurative). For a in the visual arts (partly personified), see 3. Luc., cal., 5 (the painting of Apelles); Ceb., 18, According to Pindar, A is the daughter of Zeus 2, where she appears with Πειθώ; Philostr., im., 1, (O., 10, 3-4; cf. fr. 205 Snell-Maehler). Plutarch 27; Themistius, loc. cit.; and further LIMC, I, 1, (mor., 675e) says that she was the nurse of Apollo, 486-487. and Themistius (or., 22, 281c Hercher) adds that she sits upon a throne of brass. Plutarch also says 4· (mor. 266e) that the Romans made Veritas (the Hsch., a2921, s.v. άληθόα· αψευδή· και τά <μή> Latin equivalent of a) the daughter of Kronos έπιλανθανόμενα; α2922, s.v. άληθεΐ?· ο'ι μηδέν (Saturn), while Gellius (12, 11, 7) tells us that a έπιλανθανόμενοι ώ? Πίνδαρο?; α2923, s.v. άλήθη· vetus poeta (whom he does not name) made her έπλανήθη; α2924, s.v. αληθή?· δίκαια ή δίκαιο?, the daughter of Time, filia Temporis (i.e., she was ή μνήμων, κατά στέρησιν τή? λήθη?; α2925, daughter either of Κρόνο? or Χρόνο?). Aelian, s.v. άλήθινον τό κοπανιστήριον; α2926, s.v. vh, 12, 34 says that the chief priest of Egypt in άληθί£εσθαι· άληθεύειν; em, s.v. άληθέ? (62, 51 olden times carried around his neck a lapis lazuli Gaisford): τό μή λήθη ύπόπιπτον τοΰ δικαίου- τό statuette called A. Although such passages suggest εναντίον τω ψεύδει· άληθε? δε, τό κατ’έπειρώτησιν personification, there is no indication that a ever λεγόμενον; et. Gud., 86,14: άληθε?· παρά τό λήθη- received cult: see Farnell, 1896-1909, V, 446: τό μή λήθη τοΰ δικαίου ύπόπιπτον[το?]; άληθε?· 8 aiipial παρά το λήθου το μή λήθη του δικαίου ύπόπιπτου; Crane, G. 1996: G. Crane, The Blinded Eye: Jo. Alex. (Lexica Graeca minora, 362), s.v. αληθές- Thucydides and the New Written Word, Lanham το αψευδές. 1996 Cf. Hsch., a8141, s.v. άτρεκέως- αληθώς, Darbo-Peschanski 1987: C. Darbo-Peschanski, ακριβώς; a8142, s.v. άτρεκή- αληθή, ακριβή; Phot., Le discours du particulier: essai sur l’enquète «3114 Theodoridis, s.v. άτρεκές. hérodotéenne, Paris 1987 Darbo-Peschanski 1998: C. Darbo-Peschanski, 5. Dhistorien grec ou le passé jugé, in Figures de Accame 1963: S. Accame, L’invocazione alla Musa l’intellectuel en Grèce ancienne, sous la dir. de N. e la «Verità» in Omero e in Esiodo, RFIC, XCI, Loraux and C. Miralles, Paris 1998, 143-189 1963,257-81,385-415 Demand 1987: N. Demand, Herodotus’ Encomium Allison 1997: J.L. 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