Level 4: Kovida. Vol. 05

11 Pages·4.174 MB·Sanskrit-English

by  Samskrit Through Correspondence.

PRINTED BOOK
(clause 128 of p.o. Guide, part-1)
i v vi
3 3
c l ..
3fflR^r, £ OTWf:, 3 *Tf: R|Rh'KH, - <^o ot\.
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ZTUrrrrrmxixxi-uj i • »* im i um m uiiuj. m m i r i in ii n m m m ixinnnm nm m xixiflr;
m p m iftq m q m p u m p u if t p q
H ifc w m ^ rn i tn ^ n q
rninnnmunimiiiimmin'rHiininmnrrmiiir
■I1XX11IXU1 u tTTinjrc igirnHiriH MnirirrrMTTT»oTnryirmrniMir»tni»*»*JuU*'
CONVENER
SAMSKRIT THROUGH CORRESPONDENCE K O V I D J l -5
“AKSHARAM”, 8TH CROSS, II PHASE
GIRINAGARA, BANGALORE-560 085
PHONE: [phone]
J3k. ~\G*i
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ii - w tg ■‘TR’cft n
# F f ^ n m c f r
W R T
SAMSKRTT THROUGH CORRESPONDENCE
Aksharam, 8th Cross, n Phase, Girinagar, Bangalore-560 085
m t o :
|| ^ II
Bad luck comes to the person who is always sleepy and lazy.
rRT JOftT ^ II
-
^ 3 ^ 3 , ^T:r ^
S^'I^Rl I
ar^PT: -
W 3W: ^3?T^ 3 ^ N ? ^fT yifcf ^ctf^
sijw fir i
-
W , = <Ht: 5^:, ^ 1^3 = W ¥ ^ 3, ^RPC =
f^fcT = JRTtfrT, <T*fT, 3 ^ ^ = 3 # ^ = ^ f,
= w rrt (T: ^ = 313^ # 1
K_ES
2 3
- H<fcltl«i W , TRft1^ aijVRfnT | fapg WR3TT: <3PfT; ^Rlfa
SfSITftW: ^TfnT arfa =RT: WTg ^33 ^ T 5: ^ ^fh1^ f^R’Tf^TFlWH": TTprT ?
w W R a^ p # I ^tt ^ a p ^ : ^ F # r f<n£r arw^
W I
W 3^R: WRT: ^T i W ’Tlf^ft I ^T £pR: 'TT^TT
?o. JTRrf*T ^ 5^rfHv$qf: an^iw f fo^R arm: I <ft It 3# ftrj £S<RTt 1 #R :
f^H ^i41R^f'Jlfr: jfhPFw: I 'TT't# M t: ^RTfrTPtT WP{ 3FPR^ I W Tf^fr t o i f^j
4<,Jium<^lu^4rflf.rM ftr*T 3^TT ftl^T W i; ap p ^ I <PT ^ITRFT ^RTfaR: I
f ^ R f^ R T : Hf^T *rt: fo*Rr: u 3?#T ^T: ^W: ^ tff 3TFTRcfT: I f^TRFT dk^RT:
arpF ^r ft i fW : ^ aRfk arpff^ i
T^vmr:
-
fmwr «ll^ril: #fwnt ^ ^rr dK+I^P^I: FsTT^T:
In%, qn%, SWRStMir:,
%^RT^ 3TFFTT: I ^ ^ w f ftw , ^fWH,
SftWxT:, 'KjqWTF^ T#<fl^, ft?q^ f^Tff^, frWtf:, sftf,
3TT3?qrftuT j^trh; ar^f^R r: i 3 3TPT^ :
'FFcT:, f^Rf: I
^3rqW: I W w m arTfTT m m I W: FsT: WT 3^:
3RPT: -
^W ^r- 'rTRWT?f f^ri ^ 13' ?fir
JRf^T, <NiR^ (^)3^ f^ ^ lf:, ft3^3W R% f¥^: # W :, 5nf%qr^i ^ r 'F^r^rt w ^n4 ?1% f^nFj;
H ^V )^ *RT: fW rf: flfar ’
anf^Fi; I a# ^ 3TT?M^i# ^f %^rtt^ M ^fr 1
3FW*h FsO^l": ^T: ^ 5iTKH; ai^Wcf: | # yiR^l I
-
^RRf^T: Hl«l<4: ^ p H WIJM^ a if^ I
*p# = ^rftr, = ^ppT,
= 5^ r> t ar^R Tft’j^rf:, 3^ # r 3rfa, w ir- apRR ?fRwmr 3^ fRr 1 t^rnt
^f¥ir: = 3WRFTT jff^PRf: = TRTtWtT:, H<JiuIH<^lu^ I I^TR: ^Hlf^MfcT: arftftW: I M: %TRrf^fT: #
= ap^J ft^ll'l srfy H'lVl'jhrq = ll4d'y«ll'^ fi^T, dK+l3<lR<3<4 STf^TT: I f^TR: tW : TO : 3TRfr^ I #
P t^ R = FRT JR%, f^RRT: = ^RftT ST^RT:, TRT: =
^ 3^1^ anwfnT fft 3H^: fTTr^T ^R^: arR 35RRlt fW ^ I
^ W :, f^RT: = ifcf^UNI'M:, #?T ? Wf: 3rW :3 ?ET: I aTT^Tr^T ^pT I w R
VllrH^ * ffk : W : a ^ : ^ 3^17 aTFH: I 3<I3# : ^ ^TT 35 JfrPi; I
^TPTt FPTTT ^ 4 # I ^W^TT ^RT% JRT% ^TT ^T: ?IT: f^W: dK'+iTgt ^Trft^P^ I TWW: 3?ft WPfT; TP^t^ I
^ a^<H ^uPi l aisiH apjcrj^f oN^H, %Rfl", ^k1\ ui ^ 3?: a# w^ifPiT^r trrpi; 1 amg; 1
% TT^TT: 3H=hK^ul ftwRT *#TT ^flPHHft f |^
1. was celebrated, 2. Infliction, 3. Calamities like the sight of stars
aTNT^T I 3# ^ 3F%J 3^ : aiW: %^fa ^ W
during the day etc.
K_E5 K_E5
f ^ r :
3.
3T)
W JTKf^ ^nra- ?RJ WFT ft# W
^ f r s ^ I fetffa 3TW: *RT $% : 3 ? ^ |
?) 5. 3- fofa-
R<?fln
-
R) 3T. 'aTFf^T^:, 3- fe.fa.
W 4ipi ffyOd^: ^ujoHl JT5^I%^ |
0 s. 3. Jr.fa. *.*.
f^TIWi; ^f^W TrJlf^ f^RIK % : II
v) ^^w r=n\'?K :, # . f.fa. V.?.
-
\) S. 3- T^'r-
a3TFf^PI2, ^j^HNI4, ^ I ^ H 5,
\) ?. 3. 7.fa. ^.=r.
f^TTWI6, f^Hd^7, 83TTrr|-f#, # ^ W r^ , ftw ^10, % : 11 I
\S) 3T. ‘fafaRT'^K:, 3. fe.fa. V.1.
ar^qK: -
C) \. 'snTtRffrT'^:, ^1". ¥.fa.
Ri$: - the hon which has seized the cow, arpf’pp^
\) ar. 3. fe.fa. vs.
- having a liking for the noble ones, - an ornament to
?o) ‘ft’ - eSM^i'tfo : T-T- *-3-
Manu race, - as strong as lion, 3Uc*1|ti) - as regards his
??) 3T. 3-
own state, l^lR-Hd4^ - surprised, - Dilipa, ’TJ^TRT - by human
speech, f^TTW^ - causing him more surprised, - said. 9|T) WRT»
hm4^ - a. 3TFTht *£T: - ^ - 'T^WpT:
b. Pl^ a r ^5: - ^ - *fipftf|:
W «TTf|: <T^T S': I <1#^ W
sp# J?5^m ¥r ^rfrr i ^ c. ■Hj^'FTT ^ - ^nr -
^RfWP^ <MI 3Rffa ^fV ils^ || d. JRTt: ^T: - Wt
e. 3TMR: ff%: -
3T^FR^T -
f. f^ : 3W ^: - ^ - ^n^T :
f^FFT^ - 3T^FT^ - fk>yn<W <T\ ? -
pM'lK ? - f^: - fT: #S3T^ ? - %^rwM fwrewt: I
^R3T: ftff: ? - PlJJ_{M'<3: 5T: ? - CHl4Jl^*i jtt fwrt^t ^rw n
JT: ? - Rwi<)^ 5=T: $ m \ 1 - 3F5pt: - .
^TT ? - aikH'j-dl a%^repfr^, ai^wt:3, ^ K i^ iiiii^ ^ 4, 3^ , m?,
^ teFTK ? - ^ c3 T ^ :8, f ^ r r ^ , 'M 10, 11
K_ES
3) S. ‘3TT^'?T^:, 3. T.fr. VX.
*
-as white as the Mount Kailasa, - the bull,
v) ar. 3-
3¥^WT: - disirous of climbing, 5T^f: - 0f Iswara,
cv) ‘aR '-^w f'J#: 1 ^*n3: T.T. ¥.3. VA.
- with a back sanctified by the treading of the feet,
^ fc. fe.fr. ^.3".
- a friend of Nikumbha, - me, - well
vs) 3T. 3- fe.fr. T^ -
known as Kumbhodara, (as) servant of Siva, 3T%% - know.
6) f. 'aiirjjff'-n^:, 3. T.fr.
H lr ^
-
<0 3T. 3- fe.fr-
- “ a^ ^ | jpq- ^ ^ 1% ^. 1 3^
?o)
1 ^T : arrf^ ?^fr,
??) ar. 'frfnrfrw'^K:, 3. fe.fr> ^
^ ftf^r sm t# 1 ^ m 3* <rfr^ 1 3^
f^FT fr^T: ffr II an) mmr: -
a. %$TCT: F % : - <P^ -
-
- ^TFfrf^ - fsFWJ^ b. TT^ft: 3 # ^ - HKI^I'^ - T.
^T: ? - ( c ^ - <r>qv<?<( w K ^ 313^ : ' ch^ l^:
^ afrf^ ? - 3ttj^ - W ^hc^ , MKI^IIj , ^ ! l j ^ WT ¥: - ^ - Wigfife:
^t??f 1TT^ ? - fr=prft^ c. are: JJ^T: WT ¥: - <FFT -
3^: d. %»T: fr# WT ¥: - ^ - snpfrf^:
3^: <£)«l\ ?
-
3T: ? - H K I^II^il^^ v . R ^Im R w :
'TKt ? - 3T^:
3f) ^JTFTT: (enjoined in the sense of desire)
3T^jf: ? - 3TT^ft:
^ arrewT: ? - Observe the following sentences -
? - Wwiu^
?. ¥: Moffat M&ffr - He likes (is desirous of) to read
Bhagavadglta.
R. rn SPTT f¥lfv# - This man likes to go to city.
3T) -
In the above sentences, ‘likes to read’, ‘likes to go , are the
?) ar. 3. fe.fr.
phrases used and in Samskrita they are represented respectively
*0 3T. 'jflFSi, 3. fe.fr. tr.^.
by a single word viz. frrMcT, frPTfarfr. These words are
8
9
known as TFFfT or desiderative. These are verbs. If any action
?°. ftfTFTFT ftfsmn13 ^TPTf^T; 13ftfWT
is decided to be done the verb root denoting the action takes
the affix
??. ft'^hH ftpfhT14 ?
Eg. - ftrfofar - ^ ^ arym pR ft ^N^icO 155^<ffH i
ftpiPiift - ^ ^
?3. ! w it ftjWT:16^ 55 5#^- !
Not only verbs but also participles (kridantas) are formed ?v. w f t a r f ^ f ^ - frf^fr= r$rp7 arfk i
with ^ affix. ?k. tRFT *FFT Tffk ?
?. RhfcJift - hkes to read - verb.
- desire to obtain
R. fwferr - the desire to read - Kridanta
f’W, ftq^fT - When these words are used the word
3. ftrfej: - one who desires to read - Kridanta.
denoting object will be put in the genitive.
Below are given sentences using the above Kridantas -
an) m m :
TPTFT ft'rf&TT arfFT - Rama has desire to read.
(Bahuvrihi Compound)
TFT: ftrfej: - Rama is (one who is) desirous of reading.
A compound wherein no sense of words that comprise it is
There are other Kridanta forms ending in ^ affix. But they
given prominence, but some other sense of word which
are not given here as they are rarely in vogue.
does not comprise the compound is given prominence, is
designated as Bahuvrihi Compound. Generally Bahuvrihi -
designated Compound word is an adjective to another word.
?. ¥: WT^faTT ftrfeqft1 I
Eg. - - Hari who wears (has) yellow garment.
R. & qsrf 2PW ft ?
In the above, the compound is formed by the words ’far and
3. ftPTpTj:3 arf^T I
3TRT. *far means yellow. aj^T means garment. 'fklHR: is the
V. ft^:4 arfer, ^WT 3TPPT I
person who is possessed with yellow garment and he is Hari.
SIFTF^ ar^ftff^:5 sfl'WlPlHKI: | That is neither the sense of 'far nor the sense of ‘3TRT’ which
33
« *T: # arrfr I^ rftr =? farforftp i
vs. ar^rsq- wz g'pft8, 35#* i ?. 3. V. ¥%:,
^ 5.. VS. <S.
<i. 3T^^T11I^P<< ftPlPl^:10, $fa fa'TTgTT1 i
S^fcT, ?0. u . 'TTJpT^:,
<L M'ffcP2 I
f^ ft, ?3. injP r^r, ?v. % P iw , ?<*. ^ P i ^ ;>
^Pi■'«=(:, ?v». ^Pi-^4i, ?<i. arrgPi^i 1
K_E5
K_E5
10 11
constitute the compound has prominence but the sense of the Eg. - 3m: - * fo#
word which does not constitute the compound has One who does not have money.
prominence. Thus is an adjective to fft 3#?T: - "T fo# f%W *PFT ¥:
I
Bahuvrihi Compound is of many kinds. Important of them
(4) (Sahapurvapada Bahuvrihi)-
are mentioned below -
If in a Bahuvrihi compound 'Slf is the first word it is
(1) (Samanadhikarana Bahuvrihi) -
Sahapurvapada Bahuvrihi.
Observe the following Compound words - Eg. - W W : - ^ I
1) TR: - Rama who has gracious countenance. One who is with Lakshmana.
2) ^ft: - Vishnu who has yellow garment. While the compound is formed the word is changed to S.
These compounds can be split in the following way - SFpT: - ^ ffr I
A person with (his) son.
Split the following compound words -
■ H : (h^ :) - One who has excessive strength.
In the two sentences the words that combine to form the
A mountain with lofty peak.
compound are in the same case affix viz. Noun-case. Thus, if
the two words in the same case affixes are compounded to (JW:) - One who has stick in the hand.
form Bahuvrihi, it is known by the name Samanadhikarana
(JW:) - One who has flowers in the hand.
Bhahuvrihi.
3RW: (JW:) - One who has no strength.
(2) (Vyadhikarana Bahuvrihi)- 3TW: (JW:) - One who has no clothes.
*
If the two words in the different case affixes are compounded
Sfft': (%7R:) - One who is with Hari (Keshava).
to form Bahuvrihi it is particularly called Vyadhikarana
SpR: (vj^ i:) - One who is with friend (Umesha).
Bahuvrihi.
Eg. - ^ tTPfr WT 3T: ?RfrRnf|rqt#5pT:
One who has trident in hand.
^ 'TFft Wt
3TFT fl^IT I 3FTW^ 3Tfer
(3) (Bahuvrihi with the particle
If in a Bahuvrihi compound one of the words is a negative
W PlV^R) -
particle ^ (meaning no) the compound is known as ^
Bahuvrihi.
K_E5 K_E5
12
3T#r 3tR ^ipsTF: 3TFF^ ^ I ^sN:
i ^F fH ^-w ^3 ^J^3 m r =tf 1 i ^
$*% ’ W - R ^3uII^Nwi;, TFRF^: W : I
IRT: ^ ?F% fc#T (fsF.^T. ?°) #F: I
V. ^Rff^f^TT WFftfrq- Sr^rTT: I
5WEn%5 ^ I W^WT?TWr
W - f^ fr^ F W frWT: I
I ^ R ^ 3 arfr ft?iwl:
F^f^T WFT t(u^miP| <R)dlPl ^fk fft ¥P*F W& I
£^Rf W I W ^> fr^FT, WT^- ^ f^RPTT to n'll:
f^ 3 ^3 y+lRldl: vsV. TFTW, W W , ¥IW,
^JTRlfr ^ JJ^#Tt% I arra^Kl^li T\W
f^fa^T:, ’F ^ 3Tfa fa??ftefr ^f
f^w ^arfr ^ r ^Pisqif^r Tf^nfr i
STFT^ I ^T^RT-^HT^hri" *11^3 ^ ^ 1
3FT^ ^RlM siFT - ^%°FTTFfl%: W ^ TF^TT:
1^3 ^ 3 gffa ^FHFTT PfSlfMt W STH^fr I
3Tf^KPF^WT: I m FTT^lfr ^ fn f #^TT:- <<;^psiT:
V t^fT ^ arfa ftsrfFft w arRrff^r' ?ftr
3FRF ^W: I '3tKHKcI' ^^l^fFfl^R =TTjFFt
f^FtF -^-F rFT: stFF^ a#r 1 w an^fe ^frT,
f% : ^RT FT I 3TW: TR^R^W, ^Hl^llPd: W : ^
W snW-^grT: -bRl^t ¥^fcT WFWfaTWI, ^ I
3Tf^MT *T aTFF^ I W ^TTf^T: T ^frT ^ W
3Wf^F*FJ f^g^E^T^" w sr^t 1 w ^ xfw t wi^rftfMr: an^ri^r ^ fp fft ?nf^r: ^ rt
fr*F: T ^fcT I WJ^Tfa ’Tf^Rfr 3^: w fr I 'J^f’F^F^FT FT I ^wfch": ¥FFcFRT: ? ^Fr alr«l^+l: ^ I 3R:
41 ’FIFT '3m4Y7T: ^ W I W 1 7T^’ aTftwqT ^FPnFfft-: W Tf^TT:" ffcT I
^ y <yi%^ %'a* Rt ffFt arfr i^ jJ aF: ^
=^F^3 SFRPJ; (MMWf^TT),
3^F: ^F^F^arf^tWiT fef^RT: I
to i% aF iffw r ‘w\:’ ftM , <ft ^PI?^' (3FRRfM^%) sffoRTOf^PRPJ: (sft^34%frrfrRTT),
snfer 1 ^ Frct ^ stf ftf%Tfar 1 fh ^ f^ jq i^ n j. (^filMR<Rdl), (fr¥F5FW
3FRTF:, fa*FT:, W :, F'f:, eF*^:, *f#F: f^ tfa 'IHlPl ^ T ) fcWT: ^ I
^JP^J I
cjuf^l^ftn^t^aR^r ^p^TT: ^3^ WTT: I ^ ^ f^fPTT: -
?. ^crfrrwiH; ^ rftw fT tt ar^F^r <Rtn: i
vra^r: - <:^jiTFFt' t f i ^-.
W - ^iW^:, ^tN ^iW R : 5tWT: I
JTFRrMrr: I (%4%?R-q TRT W ^ T I) WFTt
<»itrMPiw iP3; are^r tfwr: i TFFFfr I fFJ^ ^ W #
W - %JT^W3:, IrTT^T: I 5F% (frr. ?T. - ?o5,^) 3TFff^ ffrT I ^T: WT ^f%:
K_E5 K_E5
14 15
^ ft STT^PT^FfT 3 # I #T - W : ffa *F*T
qm<fl4>»dl*K"l^ p m ifl:, 4KI^II*H^ fc^T: *PF: 3 # r i ^ : srte rK w r 3ftM % w i w r % :
3Tfa #RfT: sftr I 15
SIR W P # f : ffir I *T : ^TFT ffa I
^"iTTWt 4W«hlu«i<l: JW W R T W tT^5 *#^3 ^.ucicOf^-. - 'ar^ ’W ?F«r <fT
(ftpr.ifr. ?M ^) ffrT I 3FT: Vli ^
3rfk i h w ift w w srfk a rf^ *f% i
itm-. TO ?RI% 3TFft^ ffrT I
^fecFRt^M, '#F*n¥:, f^CT: 3T^FT:,
W : W f TPTFT tf^TTfr I W P W ^»«6«{lf^r: fteR FT W T 3TTW -
^ fr swtpttPt i # ^ T: 3?Ffr^ | V$. i^ rjiw i^ j^ ^ ^#T, ^TcPPSE*f,
# ff« ir; =sr arfk 1 w r ^ptt: i
SFFrTff^: - W: ffa <.Rwctl’^ 3Tfef I IF^IW •TFT ^
^ IF*T: W W W ^TFTT: STFTT^T #RT: ffa I arfk I
SJsFPFTW # fcF ^ ^
3PT WH+lPl Sfar I 3FRPTIFT 3tM ftsRof 3TI7W : Sftcf I ^M 'lR^RlJTr W T I
*T <SWRt I toTT^FT aTTf^Wt (fr.ST. ?0 W: 3TRf^ ffr 1
W : PryT: I JRT^ H lfH W T =FM ^ fr I 3T¥: ^Rfcrm |r%
3^nf I w r *F*m ptft^ arfk 1
^^TRcTFT ff?fr ft5T I ^ ^TfxT1^ I^PxT ^ W
M tilM R: - uRk ^ ft^ ym ^ TFtW r ^P^FSTW
^
■ ^ iw i ^rrorq; srfa <T3ftr i fe^j;
7#mT I ^ T^ TFl#f, fiTTf^r-
jng# inyf ^ i ft% w p w ,
^ T : 3rft- # T T^IT: sf^T I W :
=f ^ : M wi^T: I ^RynT: 3
^TR^RTCT ^: I W T JTFTT ^ I'H I I W :
3rft<*><Hi ^*f% i 3f%j ^rroi^Ff ^ stwm ^•h^) i T O I#T : I 3RT: W : 3 # 7RI% 3TFft^ |f?T W fa^
^p^ttwt arfr ^pr s w n # s w t i 3Tfer I ?ft^W Rn^TPfr I
ftta flf: - fW ^n#T ^RI^: JT^W ^: ? M rT I W f I fHRJ:
^F^W H m ": SnrtTF^
3Tqr TFT Ri^lM': ffir I TT^TRFr anFrF^#: fc%fr W f^ ( ?F% ftCTW : I f§R#T
3TRft^ HT: I ^crfsF T^T: 3TFft^ I '1
^ lll<ii ^4"^ ^ ^T-HJK-'T^)'-yrW<^l«{lPl ^FFW^FT^ ^
^fw: 1 ^rf^n; ff^iI^tff: * sf^r 1 #^r: 1^ t :
W 3TTf^T I ^MKrR4 ^PT#T
^^TFTFf^ I wf^R; ?F% W^TFF^ ^ 3TTf^R; | aiJFJTT
w
f^RiT w r i
W 3FT ^ifer % c^ ’-T%T 3T M ^r: M I
w # w r •nfer .3ft t aw: ^tptft: sr^f: ^ I
Rit e : i 3RT: ft® M ST # I f^FT^Ft
ftM r ^TTf^T wfa: WfiT: I <e*&jL> g^flg <^*&9
K_E5 K_E5
16
3*
Samskrit Through Correspondence
JR»TT:
I. w f^rq; arftfw ^if^: wt#-. m ffa few i
?) I H) fJTKFT (^Tfi%wr) ^qfrf: I
II. ^ few I
?) HluH ^TFT TT:.................— ...........I
*0 ^ 3TRT TFT ¥: --------------------1
3) W: ^ *R WT ST:..........................--I
V) =T fo# sfe *m ¥: ..................................1
\) # ........................----i
^t(f)-V , w t-<U-<\= =
K_ES