Level 4: Kovida. Vol. 04

11 Pages·3.892 MB·Sanskrit-English

by  Samskrit Through Correspondence.

PRINTED BOOK
INDIA
(clause 128 of p.o. Guide, part-1)
3 3
Iffl
arrzrft
3Tw<*^, C 'iHHl'jj',' 3 T'IRH'KH, oC\.
«THinnm»n:niir iiiiimnimmixmcag
Ttopn ^ ^ mpu irepi mqmn
tr h
IZ •MUi.aiduuui
m f tm m f iw ro s tra m jir a m fc ra
mm iinnnu mmn i u i rnnire i unmumniTnmn mn nrirrii»i iiinrmim»mi
CONVENER
SAMSKRIT THROUGH CORRESPONDENCE
“AKSHARAM”, 8TH CROSS, II PHASE
GIRINAGARA. BANGALORE-560 085
PHONE: [phone]
. 'jj ’K- £ Wn/^^v o o i
ii - ^ 5 *rroft 11
^ h F ^ n m ^ ft
W M
SAMSKRIT THROUGH CORRESPONDENCE
Aksharam, 8th Cross, II Phase, Girinagar, Bangalore-560 085
- v
,TT3:
II frPT^tsf^ tlfjlMdlH II
Even birds and animals will help the people who follow the right path.
WT THT rTTT I
m ?TTT ^ ^ W W : II
KR4FT:
w , w ,
*RT:, *TflW : I
apTT:
ITST 'TFT, ^T?ft <TN, rPTT ^TcR : (?f% ) H ^N I: ^T : 'TT'T
m ^ I
3FW Pt:
w = ?reft = <TN = WM,
<T*TT, W^TcT^: = (^f% = 'TTCFrfcT l)
J^RTf: = iT ^W :, ^FtT: = TN ?TPT ^ = WT WFT
^Trft R Ffurft, f% = 'IH N R I (PhkhR l)
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2 3
dlrM4^ ?\i FT srf^TfrT fl^FT TFT#FT *prfcT I (FF Mf?>l<^
Jl*H«li F FFFT ^tfrT AFT ^frT I FWT <F*T ^TTT
3FJ*TF I) 3Tft ^ ^ ^ W WTf% ^ 3Tft cfFT f ^ ^ I
HI^nIcI I <T%T ^F3[: 3R=RT#f m ftcF^ ^qi^rfrT I Wfa f% 3fF, *FFF FT f ^ *FF^FF TRJFTT ^ WrT I
3 ^p r: Ffan^ 'j^rfrr i ff^ wift
I f ^ JI#NI:, ^F5FT, 'hirH'J^fFT ^ 'H>(t+t,tv f^Ft ^
SFF*f^ 3Tf^r | *T=FF: J^FJW: 3 ^ FF I ?tF 3TWF
M: F^^FTrFTFl f^TT^PT 9% M ^ '(l< I ^
FF, F F , # p ^Fift I Ff?T SFT«f ^3 STf^T I
^FTFRF: I f^RFT TFn^Ff^T ^ Rh<M^ TR*^Fft\ 3FT^ |
C. VRftt <TFT Jjt JT*TFT
fWM: ?lFT;^«n^ ^FfMF^1 I ^ W : ?TFT 3^: %F^T srf^TN
Hff «ft: ^Rcn^rnfrf wft i
5TFfbTFxT: I i gcF P'lR<R: Sigf^T: I ^T: W t^T ^rFrfrT c[tTF^ I
fr^TT ^ ^NfrT
f^TFTr^fr: fkf^T«f IpTf^FTftf ^ ^ I
fapr 11
Plf^td dl'h'+>^lull«f RHMI^: f ^ : WT t^#T
T^WT:
g^PTvT:2 I ?Ff Wf: ^ I i%F^FFrR f^RTFTI ^IFT
^ih^, vrdcf, i« , 3^
I f^Tm: - “\ ! ^ # T I ifrT
3FFfa, <TFT, fcFF, % ^:, ^frT, ^W FT^lf, WT, 3rf^T,
aTRft^Fnft ^FTWF^ I ?TTTF^3Fr: JF’T^: M ^ 3TFft^ I
% Fl, ^ I
cFT: JTl^: tn#TT ^ aFT^ I WW 'FtcqT ^
3F=FT:
5TfrT: 3TFF^T Fief Ff^RTF^4 I 3F^
F*T ^FT % T F*T >frT FT FTFT 3* ^TWfrT I
tff: 'FT: 3FT ^ H d l^ SFFfcT I fcFTT ^fcT ^ I dK^I^ ? t o W m^ arftw W I toF FST^T: 3#
M^TFxT: I ?T: 3 # : |w ? ^FF^ 9 ^ ^ I W
3FFTPT:
3Fft? I 3 # : ^I^TT |^TT fttf^iF^ I ^F ^F%T
WT, ^TTFT = FJRFT, %ef = SPJF^
^ 3FTF^ I ^1 ^ ft%fTF^ I 3%:
arf^r, aft, ■#r = ft = *jfff^ ^rf^r, ftft = y
v M f^T i m arf^ - “<i *f?w : ^ i
= TcRU, ^fcT I ^FT: = ^ : arft, ?TPT = cTFT g^FFF
w I fW fF 'frfecT: ^ I 6JJFf?T: ifrT I ^
= # F F ^ 'SWfcT = FRtfrT ^ I f^RT = ^FFF, = ^T: 3Tft,
d¥$RR^njf ^ | f^T: 3#: f^FTFT 3J^rF y(ctPt^Tl: I ^T: F5FT ^ l^ lV l
^#3T: W i 5f%HF^ I ’WT ^T: W t7 ft% Ffr I
^TF 5PTFI, I______________________________________
F FJR: SFFft 3#f#T gfFft (3°Fft) fFIF^ ^T:
1. honoured, 2. STTFF^ 3. get; 4. spent, 5. in the guise of a
arf^ ^ rft- *t£t ^ f^ ft sri '-h i Pi i Ff*% m w n i Ff?T: 3'rf^
pigeon; 6. covered with smoke; 7. in the thicket of reeds.
KE4 K_E4
3 .
3T) M<fo<Hup^
?. 3T3^
R. ai+K R: 'a ilr ^ l^ '^ : 3.
q^TFT:
3. ai. W ^ s , 3- fe.ft. ^
9T%:1, a3TRn3^FT2, W *3, ftsTTCWHT4, b5f%^T^:5,
V. 3TT. ^ft. 5T.fl. H.f.
‘TWlWctTRftWP^6, dJ[!(l^<l :7, *1^ , 3TTf^P I
3. S.ft. ^ .
aF^TFh
$.. 3T. <JTWT...?FT'?K:, ^ fe-fa- V-?-
31%: - on the following day, - the sacrificial
\s. 3. 3. .
cow of the sage Vasistha, Nandini, aTiWF^KFT '>TRH -
<S. 3T. ijTfT'5T^:, 'T. fe.ft.
f^TiTTWTRT - desirous of knowing the mind of her attendant
Dilipa, TTWT5n7TcTFxT-fl^5iT^R - filled with grass grown in the ’T-'T* ?-3- T^ -
steeps sacks of the Ganges, 4l(l^<l: arrf^T - entered the
3TT) ^RTCT:
-
cave of Himavan, father of Gowri.
a. aTT?iFT: <TFT - *T.
b. ^ - ^MjJ: - 1.
H+R^lfclRHlPl Wfft I f^T W 3W3; I
3^: ^ $ 3: - *T. :
3^f^: ar^f^TWcft I *rr
C. WFTT: 5TM: - - <T<3¥f:
f^r w m id m ^tt^t w|pr arra^ WTffPj; ^ (3^)
5T%Wcft 1 JIWOTTclFT apct^ - WWcTRT^ - 'T. ^ 3^ :
^ ^ ^
3R qrw
anf^r - - fay NW *TWISIW%
3TTf%%^T ? - gf^T^3: - d. #rf: 3^: - #^35: - Wt - 1. ^ 3 ^ :
5f^ T ^ : ? - faHTCPTHT
% fafWHMI ? - VS. rTrft ^VsfFT ^V^ll*n *nTW ^FT W W*T: I
.^PT *TT^ ? - an^RT^^TFT 'HHlPWITt II
anf^r ?
-
'T^f^TFT:
#£?r ? - ’mwwiMT........
cfcT:1, *y \ ^ , ?Wt\ ^ w i5, W^t ^l^T:7,
^FT *m*{ ? -
arrf^fT ? - 3F^: * Nldlfil'IW:8, ^frf:9, f^fWT^0, ^ ^ 12, cM ^^TTft:13 I
6 7
M: - oThen, ^FFJ^TTfff - with lion - like gait, iR^T: - (who 3T)
instinctively grants protection) protector, M^il\|cllf<: - who ?. 3T=W^
R. 3T. 3- I.ft. *.*.
exterminated the enemies by force, •J'TfcT: - the king,
3. =T. 3. JT.fc.
- looking mortified, - WPT - in order to kill
V. 3T. ‘spftp?:, 3. ^.fc. H.*.
the lion deserved to be killed, f^fWTcI - from the quiver, 3KH -
ar. 3. q.fr.
- desired to take out the arrow.
V 3T. 3. fe.fa.
cfTrT^ VS. 3T. 3. 5T.fl. H.*.
aFP?% ^ft: 3TisF^T ^ ar^Tt^ ?r^r ^. 3T. '^TM f^W '^:, 3. JT.fr. H.?.
<TFT 3TWT: ^ apr^ I *T: TT^TT fiFTRFT %: I anf?RFff T^FTsft «.. ?. '^ fcT '^ :, 3. JT.fa.
?o. 3T. 3.
w f: I f^T an^RTT I flc^F* ^ f^#T: f%t iTTCftjj 3FT
??. 3Mq^ (51)
a^RTWT^ I
n . *-3- T^ -
?*. ?. STCPfr^Tlft'^:, 3- JT.ft. ^
a ^ % ^ - /sb-y/vc^
-
3TT) W*T:
? - 7 # : -
a. ^TFTrq;i^: - rRq - # l? 5 W tm :
•jqfrT: ? - ^TRTrf^T^W:
b. arftqw: WT S: - ^ tf|:
3*T: ? - ^KU<1:
C. SRPfr 3^TT: - g. ^ ¥T:
3^: #£?T: ? -
STCPTt^TT: 3^: *T: - 3fsftf|:
f%
V. fW f^P T T :
? - ?R7^
3f) f^RnTT: (causal affix f¥^ )
3^: f% ^#1, ? - WFT
3HR; qNfrT - Horse runs
^FT WPT ? - *TTTfa: ar^fF^ qmfcT - Charioter runs the horses.
#^TFT Jft^T ? - Observes the difference in sense of the above sentenses.
qRfcT - runs, ^mfcl - causes to run.
*KT ^ 3 ^ ? - M:
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8 9
In the first sentence the action is not caused by anybody ??. ^ 7*kRki ^ W jf: I
whereas in the second it is caused by some other person. It
n . ari IRT HliPWl8 ^ W lft I
means the horses run being instigated by the charioter. Thus,
u . arrow ft arf^r i
when the sense of instigation (action being caused like causes to
run, causes to do, causes to eat etc.) is to be denoted the verb ?V. 10qT3*RT: ^ ftST I
root takes Pl\- affix in that sense either to form a verb or a ^T: ap%: WWfa ^ ^crfrT I
participle.
JR f t 3^ I
In the following are given two sets of examples which do ?vs. frrt TO! *>: 13^nflcRT^ ?
not end in affix and which end in Pl\ (pM'Tl) either to
U . WtT 'jRT^T: ^if-UHR ?
form verbs or participles. Note the difference in meaning
Note - These f^RT (causal) verbs are used in both
thereby-
Ir-HHH!< and
qsfrf - reads Hlci^fcl - causes to read.
H - in order to read, HlipHrJ/i - in order to cause to 3 n ) W RTT:
read,
3- f^ W RT: (Dvigu compound)
- read (past) - caused to read.
If a word denoting number is found at the begining of a
The above participles are after all wellknown. compound and the compound expresses an aggregate or totality
it is called Dvigu Compound. In this compound the last vowel
firrft qrw ft -
becomes i.
for eg. - - 3FTPTT effoRT SRT^R:
¥irf^: 31? ^ qm frr i
An assemblage of three worlds.
3. I
Like this - - ^WRT *RT^TC:
V. shW'Hpl I
An assemblage of five Banyon trees.
fit I
But sometimes the last vowels become 3T and whole
S.. ^Tt: ! ffoft: f t <TTWf I
compound will be in neuter gender.
for eg. - - 5RFTT g^RRT W^K-
- WTT W*TT *RT5>TC:
^ f t #13 1
___________RW R; - TT^Tt 3W T:__________________
?0. fW FTTRjf I 7. cause to do, 8. after causing to read, 9. in order to cause to hear,
10. while teaching (cause to read), 11. while causing to do, 12,
1. to feed (causes to eat), 2. (you) cause to give, 3. (you) cause to
caused to give, 13. caused to hear ? (to relate ?) 14. (caused to)
drink, 4. don>t let fall, 5. through him, 6. (cause to) remember,
remember ?
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10 11
V. (Dvandva Compound)
With each word - sense in the Compound being given equal
importance if two or more words are Combined or Jpffoj 3W: q«fT, <T^T IT^TT: 3# SPR#
Compounded it is Dvandva Compound. f ^ T : I fftoFT T 3R#T JT^TT 5FTFPT
fFT% <TOT FfW ^TRTf^T ?T ^T% # 3 I «Wlfa+MRfi*Rt:
for eg. - two words -
^R ^:, fa«l|Mfro*M«PlT f^RTFT W15f: WT f^TC:
three words - 3*^
arftwrr apT: i i w*nft ^ 3 ^ ^
four words - -
^ SlfaW 3WWHT: ^ SfRT^ *T 3 ^TT: I 3TrT:
JRRq TF^R: (fa. ?T. ?o)
In this way the Compound can be formed with any number
7ft?TT-f^lT-3Tr^IT-H)R^rai: I
of words.
^ ?pjj frUT: f^PTtsfr II ?fcT I
If this compound means totality like Dvigu it is called
‘spftaT/. ‘S P M ’, fc^T^T: 3TRT^ fft
Here also the ....... compound will be in neuter
^ I sffaT, -dlHI^I, 3TWT, ?TRRTT, f^PTRT, fc^T:
gender -
JR ^ 3 3RqcRT: I ’TRff, ^l^lH'i ^RTf^#TT =TF#T
for eg. -4,^1^ - 3^: ^ 'ftWW 3h4):
«fHf% W I Tf^3 SRRTTcW^,
A collection (group) of Son and grand son (or sons)
% ^tM 5 ^ fW: fFRt I Hleflfllf^
<^Rft a m : ^ W 1*:
- ftflq^rfWT: g^q#r
A collection of female and male servants.
W l^ I TTT^Rm^ftTPRq ^ fW f: ^
Note -«In Dvandva compound the meaning of “AND” is hidden tfNfllPl flf% I ffrli^N i ^HT 5Tf%: 3Tf^?TTT 3TRft^ 3
in between the words, it is not in Dvigu Compound. *T%: 133 RTf^T I
Dissolve the following compound words ^RfiWr ^HT: *rf% I
fi#TT a JTR#T 5^3 df&fadlPl |FF%, f^3 f?TC: 3 =T
?. H. W W 1 , 3. v.
dHdWHl I ^ ^ 'f)d=hu<ic{lRm: ^fcT -
'S. <S. 3M«TFft,
tflrfRFtt, . ?o. ??. 'iKUifCt, '=Fift ^F*frT fKR:
n . l^Ff^TT: I ^FT: -^tRl ^TfcT f^Tf^fT:' fft I
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13
a#r ^T: STf^T: *Rfo I W f ^T T
qfrl^T #RT IR^ ?c*R: a'f&TFTT: ^ Fnf^ -HlPl-MI: 3FcR#
w rM ^it ^rnrrf^r W ^n f^r ?R*r: 3 f ^ w tr
*TT#ft tR f^R frT -
w q ^ I w i HI-Hl'Pr f^pff ^ 3 w t <TT^T: ^FRft^T: 3}fa
^RTTS^ifU r4> JTWTf^RTT
*g: I fcPT: dH M ^ ^ 1^3 3T I
rTrft ^ r# ^mTT fiJWTT I
f^Fff Vo ^RfofMT JpRR#T «hl®HlPl 3T ;3 W ^ I 5*T5T,
f^Fff ^TFFR# h W i\
T ^ f^ F ft, jftfcPT, M-yHcft, ’TT^t, S^H<al,
WTT JTFTRf ff^ R ^ T R T *m RK^ I
f^JNrft fFTlf^T: #R T: ^ T : I f^FTTf^T,
‘STW^ 3TRRT: 3TfiR: STT#^ I (^frfcT: ^TT^WT STT^ I) cRT:
fcTWW, <W*KIHT, ^pT ^T , ’T^TPft fr^TT H^l'W^lPt
W ^faW T : ^TFT:, 3T^ M ^TRT I (W ^-S T ^ ?fa ^ s 3Tmt:
I
JT^T ^T vT: I) I^Fff W i; JR FTPft, 3T^ W : 3Tf^T I
<Mp^f*T: *PT R ^|5^irR T y<Rf'<n ffcT 55 ^
($ftfrTC*TT% ^ ft-^ T O R : 3TFRT: 3Tf^T |) ^T R T 5fFTHT
'TteftePM-
f^Fft W STTH^ 3Tf^T l'
SffiT: fo?RT »T ;f^f%’ ffa ^TR tffaPTfTfWl *R Pi^MhIcI
- +I<H^T1^ ^ ^RTT ?Ffr^ ?fcT ^ iflO T
f^TTf^d%WFTTFT fft f^tTT P M I
#f?T^ arf^T 3R +^Rl^T I ^ T : W ^T: STJ^: STTFT:
ffo JTrTT TMT f^TST % I^T^TRTH II
'FTRIs ’R ?
W f ^ : «TRT: ft^TT 3TFRTT I '*R
fa w 3m ft^ M ^ : f¥rrt I 3RT: trrsf; ■jdM:'
ffcT fanTftcfT t e <TFT *T#T -T *RTC<ft <R I f?F ^T ^ frt ^ s ft
=T f^ T ?
f^fvjit'M- HrF^RTRT ^RRcfT$ f^f^s1ch!itl: 3nTFTFnii3h(w I
‘wzm\’ -TFT 3TW ^ ^R^ tfH^lfcl- '^R T ^T ' ffcT W T: 3RT *TR 3Tf^ 3TRft^ I f^TWTT:
TOTf^rf^T rTTrT JRT^TPT f^RPT I WcT: 3TRfr^ ifcT PRRW^T ^ T cT«nft
^ fr ^Hn^'CR f^n^W rrfW rr n fe[RT: TR ^T#Tf% ^ W 3TT^\ ffrT I
WIT: ^TFTeR^ I '^ g ^ ^ R '^ T F R ^
wt% f% |fir ITT ^R R J I w u H
Hfrt^ rf^ ^TT^ if^'rTTcfT srf^T W I W T 5RRr^T ^
argj^T TO' 5fFT% I d<y,Jiui JTFR^FT PlPfd *Rft I 3RT:
%TeRF^ ;TT^i m \ I WTT Tf%cTT: W °M : Mf^T:
H<<ri1+^rf M ^ ftR R 3 \’
3Tft 3W «^ I
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14 15
PlM *n«rT - ?$. 3Tcl% W f^TWRTR'FT 3T^5^FT I ?nTKF^ - W WFT WFFT f^TcIT ^¥T
<=KgR'NHRuH :' ^TRT WTT foRad: I 3p% 'jfRTRT: WRT: ftfiT ^T^Rch, WT I %T <N^<l«i^f
w ^Tw?ft srf^r w m ^ iw r f ^ w : qfatorctf w TRfcrarf^r^ RSHhRot i
fTFT% I cK^lR+IHRuW: !PT: I WTT: ?R f^cPT: gfeff: flf% I ?fTg
=R<IHI WTT: W ft ^rfrf I <T*TTft ^R ^T T W cTT ^M ^SIT ‘p i # ^ ’ ^W ^iRd^', ‘w w to :’ $r*H<Qfo T^T-
q^^rft <Hul)*)d<JI #f?TC?ft 3Tf^T I ^ R T T ^ n , ^M l'^1'3,^ I ^ < H ^ ' MT fW ^t I
frqT^f: WTT: +H W I
^3jFf[% 3R% mt
TmWRTT- ?^s W % W I TFTf ^TTKFTTq^: 5TT«^%-
W TT: qfcf: I ^ T f^ ft
3Tf^T W I qfrT %fRRR 3TWK ffr^T 3Tfi% I
TTFR^ II
FTFT ^nW T^«T ^ FRRT 3 # R H # k ^ ft
W^idslM^mm ¥^HNK^Tiq: I
srf^r w i ^ srf^r 5 Tf^cT: tit^rfl^T gR'n: ••
^ |R h < ^ I arft I T5^TWr^FT 3TTFTT%
STT^iflWR^TRFTqf: 3TPT: 3TRF^ ffcT 9{JRf I dig
aF w n ^ p « R i# f # rt ^ j n w t
* * *
arf^r i
\
TTWlM- W f^TW RPim FT JfTTWT TJ'TT I ^PFRFTFT ^ I
'cfi<+uiuKiH^Rd^ ?f% srf^r w i
ifcr < r^ 3to i ^ arft tfcr^M
^ = l\ I »Rfl^t ^3# (?v) W K 3TRft^ | W TT: ^M FT
*fM TRefT I W TT: ^FTT: ^?RT: ^ffftrlT : ^ *Rf% I
q 4 n ft ^T 3Tfrr#Tff^T, * ^frRTTft 3T I 3RT: ^
gpw n^T hR W t W*TT: 3T^r I
w W : am rfW ’T ^ ^ i w
-
3TRf^ I ^H TK raM W f^f:' tf^Tcft
arf^r W I
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«hlR"<: - v
^ 4 : TT5:
JPRT:
i. 3rn#r fow -
R. I^TT faftfcT f?RF^ ?
3. tn^ft 3# faM r 3 T ^ ?
V. f^TKFT ^RT 5^ 3T^R^ ?
\. qf^ft torf to* ?
n. (3HT-ferw-f^rf^r-=miPi) ftra?r -
?. r. TT^rr:, 3. riw , v. 3 # , k. f¥fwr^, %. ^
#(t)-iv, 3wt-^A °= »
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