Let us learn Kashmiri. वॅलिव कॉशुर हॆछव. हिसॖ - I. प्राइमर

72 Pages·0.367 MB·Kashmiri

by  coll.

Let us learn Kashmiri
V}IlV kýa}Sur_ h]C_V
Ih_s” -
1
pãaw_mr_
tr_tibkýar_ t” [Ix_z_r_
¿ýpk\__»N Bz
NORTHERN REGIONAL LANGUAGE CENTRE
Central Institute of Indian Languages, Mysore,
Ministry of HRD, Dept. of Secondary and Higher Education, Govt. Of India
PATIALA - 147002
V}IlV kýa}Sur_ h_]C_V
rjrhc
izLrkouk
dkWf”kfj vkokT+k”
Loj
O;atu
dkWf”kj vNjeky
sbK sP__” n³br
1- v vk 12
2- vW vkW 14
3- v” v• 17
4- b bZ 20
5- m Å 23
6- [] , ,s 26
7- Aa] Ao 29
8- v~o v~; va 32
9- ký K g 36
10- c C j 41
11- ‘a — jü 44
12- z Z x 48
13- t T d n 51
14- p P b m 56
15- y r l V 60
16- S s h_ 65
17- Iml”Vn rv 69
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V}IlV kýa}Sur_ h_]C_V
izLrkouk
d”kehjh lh[ku s rFkk fl[kku s d s fy, nos ukxjh fyfi e as d”kehjh
iqLrdksa dk vHkko lnk gh jgk gSA ijUrq bu iqLrdksa dh vko”;drk
ftl izdkj vkSj ftl f”kír l s vkt dy egllw dh tk jgh gS ml
izdkj vc rd dHkh eglwl ugha dh tk jgh FkhA blh vko”;drk
dks /;ku esa j[k dj ekuo lalk/ku fodkl ea=ky;] f”k{kk foHkkx]
Hkkjr ljdkj us gky gh es a nsoukxjh fyfi es a d”kehjh iqLrdks a dks
izdkf”kr djus dh Lohd`fr nh gSA le; dh ekax rFkk Hkkjr ljdkj
dh Lohd`fr ds ifj.kkeLo:i orZeku iqLrdksa dh jpuk dh xbZ gSA
;gk ¡ ikBd dk s ;g crkuk mfpr gkxs k fd vc rd d”kehjh
iqLrdk as e as lc l s vf/kd ulrkyhd + fyfi dk i;z kxs
(Perso-Arabic Script)
gkrs k jgk g S ijUr q bl fyfi d s i”pkr] nos ukxjh fyfi gh nlw j s uEcj
ij vkrh gS ftl e as d”kehjh Hkk’kk d s fo}ku] y[s kd] vkykps d] dfo
vkfn fy[kr s g aS vkjS ikBdk]as fo”k’s kdj foLFkkfir ikBdk]as rd igq¡prs
gASa ijUr q vc rd bl fyfi e as ,d deh egllw gkrs h Fkh tk s ikz ;%
ikBdk as dk s v[kjrh Fkh & og Fkh bl fyfi e as ikz ekf.kdrk@ekud
Lo:i dk vHkkoA blh deh dk s njw dju s d s fy, mÙkj
(Standardization)
{k=s h; Hkk’kk dUs n]z ifV;kyk u s fiNy s nk s o’kk aZs e as nk s leshukjk@as laxksf’B;ksa
rFkk db Z dk;”Z kkykvk as dk vk;kts u fd;k ftu e as d”kehjh Hkk’kk ds
tkues ku s fo}kuk]as Hkk’kkoKS kfudk as rFkk lkWQVfo;j fo”k’s kKk as
(Software
dk s vkeaf=r djds bl leL;k dk s lyq >ku s dk i;z kl fd;k
Experts)
x;kA bl ds ifj.kkeLo:i nos ukxjh fyfi dk s loLZ kEefr ls ,d ,Slk
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V}IlV kýa}Sur_ h_]C_V
:i fn;k x;k tk s lHkh fo}kuk as dk s ekU; gS vkjS ftl d s vk/kkj ij vc
bl fyfi dk lkWQVfo;j Hkh rS;kj fd;k x;k gSA
(Software)
bl le; tks nks iqLrdsa vki ds lkeus izLrqr gSa] os gSa d”kehjh
izkbej vkSj d”kehjh jhMjA ;s nksuksa iqLrdsa blh nsoukxjh fyfi esa
rS;kj dh xbZ gSaA bu ds izdk”ku ls tEew & d”kehj jkT; rFkk jkT;
ls ckgj nsoukxjh fyfi tkuus okys bPNqd f”k{kkFkhZ lgt gh
d”kehjh Hkk’kk lh[k ldr s gSAa bu iqLrdk as dk s rS;kj dju s d s fy,
mÙkj {ks=h; Hkk’kk dsUnz] ifV;kyk us tEe w es a 20 tqykbZ ls 4 vxLr]
2002 rd ,d dk;Z”kkyk dk vk;kts u fd;k ftl e as fo”k’s kK fo}kukas
us ;s iqLrdsa rS;kj dhA d”kehjh izkbej fuXufyf[kr fo}kuksa us rS;kj
fd;k %
MkWñ vksedkj ,u- dkSy] MkWñ jruyky “kkar] MkWñ vej ekyeksgh
rFkk MkWñ vks-,u-jSukA jhMj ds cuokus esa fuXufyf[kr fo}kuksa dk
lg;ksx fy;k x;k % izksñ gjhd`’.k dkSy] Jh eksrhyky D;ew] MkWñ
lweukFk jSuk] MkWñ lweukFk dkSy] MkWñ cnjhukFk dYyk] Jh ih-
,u- dkSy *lkf;y*] Jh txjukFk lkxj] Jh jruyky tkSgj] MkWñ
izseh jksekuh] Jh t;fd”ku edrweA
;s iqLrds a rS;kj djrs le; gekjh n`f’V es a os ikBd jgs a gS a tks
nsoukxjh Hkyh Hkkafr tkurs gSaA tgk¡ fd izkbej dk mn~ns”; ikBdksa
dks d”kehjh ds okd~Lou vkSj v{kjekyk ls ifjfpr djkuk gS] ogha
ij jhMj d s ek/;e l s d”kehjh Hkk’kk d s cqU;knh <kpa s rFkk ekSfyd
“kCnkoyh dk ifjp; djkuk gekjk mn~ns”; jgk gSA gesa vk”kk gS fd
bu nksuksa iqLrdksa dk v/;;u djus ds i”pkr] ikBd d”kehjh Hkk’kk
fy[k] i<+] cksy vkSj le> ldsaxsA jhMj ds var esa dfBu “kCn &
lwph nh xbZ gSA
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V}IlV kýa}Sur_ h_]C_V
;s iLq rd as mu cPpk as d s fy, Hkh g]aS ftUg as mu d s ekr&k firk rFkk
vU; cTq +kqxZ ekr`Hkk’kk ds :i esa d”kehjh l s igyh ckj ifjfpr djkuk
pkgrs ga S rkfd o s Hkkf’kd lEid Z l s viu s lka Ld`frd laca/kksa dks fQj
thfor dj ld as ;k thfor j[k ldAas ;s iqLrdsa mu o;Ldksa ds fy,
Hkh ykHkdkjh gk s ldrh g aS tk s d”kehjh fcydyq ugh a tkur s ;k ftu dh
d”kehjh Hkk’kk dNq ihf<;+ k as l s NVw xb Z g S D;kfas d o s fdlh dkj.ko”k
d”kehjh Hkxw kys rFkk d”kehjh Hkkf’k;k as l s njw tk cls gSaA nksuksa gh
fLFkfr;ksa esa ;s iLq rd as fdlh v/;kid dh n[s k&j[s k e as gh mi;kxs eas
ykb Z tk ldrh g aS D;kfas d d”kehjh d s dNq Loj rFkk O;ta u fHkUu gaS
vkjS mu dk mPpkj.k d”kehjh Hkk’kh gh dj ;k djk ldrs gAaS
d”kehjh d s fof”k’V Lojk as d s fy, ftu vfrfjDr fyfi fpg~uksa dk
i;z kxs bu iLq rdk as e as fd;k x;k g]Sm Ug sa Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk fu;Dq r fo”k’s k
fyfi lfefr u s dkQh l>w c>w rFkk fopkj fofue; d s ckn Lohd`fr
iznku dh gAS bUg as dIa ;Vw j e as ,d Lor=a lWQk Vfo;j ßvjfuekyÞ ds uke
l s vfa re :i fn;k x;k g S vkjS ;s dNq iLq rdk as rFkk if=dkvk as e as Hkh
i;z Dq r gkus s yxk gAS bl dk; Z dk s gekj s ,d ;oq dk EI;Vw j bta hfu;j Jh
lanhi Hkê u s lEiUu fd;k gAS ;g l[q kn lkHS kkX; dh ckr g S fd tks
fpgu~ koyh vc ekU; gbq Z g S og nos ukxjh fyfi l s lEcfa /kr lHkh fo}ku
i;z kxs e as yk;xas s vkjS nos ukxjh fyfi }kjk dk”ehjh lh[kuk vkjS fl[kkuk
ljy cuknxas As ;gk ¡ ;g crkuk vko”;d g S fd bl fpgu~ koyh@
v{kjekyk dk s vfa re :i nus s e as tk s fo}ku lkfgR;dkj] Hkk’kkoKS kfud
rFkk Hkk’kk fo”k’s kK tMq +s jg]s o s bl idz kj g aS %
Jh “kEHkwukFk Hkê *gyhe*] MkWñ “kf”k“k[s kj *rks’k[kkuh*] MkWñ vksedkj
,u- dkSy] izksñ gjhd`’.k dkSy] izksñ peuyky lizw] izksñ jruyky
“kkar] MkWñ lweukFk jSuk] MkWñ :id`’.k HkV rFkk MkWñjktukFk HkêA
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V}IlV kýa}Sur_ h_]C_V
ge Jh egkjktd`’.k dko] iow Z f”k{kk&lfpo Hkkjr ljdkj] ds
izfr vkHkkj O;Dr djrs gSa ftUgksaus vius dk;Zdky esa d”kehjh d s fy;s
;g lkexzh rS;kj djus esa ge sa lg;ksx fn;kA
ge as vk”kk gS fd ;g lkexzh rS;kj dj d s ge d”kehjh Hkk’kk dks
vf/kd ls vf/kd yksxkas rd igq¡pkus vkSj foLFkkfir d”kehjh leqnk;
esa bls thfor j[kus ds vius y{; esa lQy jgsaxsA
;g dk; Z lEi.w k Z dju s e as ftu fo}kuk]as lfgR;dkjk]as Hkk’kk foKkfu;kas
us ges a viuk lg;kxs vkjS ;kxs nku fn;k] ge mu lc ds izfr vkHkkj
idz V djr s gAaS ge lna hi Hkê d s Hkh vkHkkjh g aS ftUgkuas s ekrH` kk’kk d s ifz r
iesz dh Hkkouk l s lkWQVfo;j rS;kj fd;kA ;s iqLrdsa rS;kj
(Software)
djkus vkSj “kh?kz ls “kh?kz izdkf”kr djkus esa tks lg;ksx gesa Mkñ
mn; ukjk;.k flag] fun”s kd] Hkkjrh; Hkk’kk lLa Fkku] eSljw l s feyk]
ml d s fy; s ge mu d s Hkh vkHkkjh gSAa
bu iLq rdk as dk (Mh-Vh-ih) rS;kj dju s d s fy; s fjadw dkSy dk
/kU;oknA
ifV;kyk :id`’.k HkV
11 fnlEcj ] 2002
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V}IlV kýa}Sur_ h_]C_V
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Loj
i w i: w&
e [] e: [
I A_” I: A•
E A} E: Aa}
a A a: Aa
u q__ u: Qý
o Aa] o: Ao
AvV : AvVa
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¸y`jn
p p
k ký
ph P__
kh K
b b
g g
t t
m m
th T
n n
d d_
s s
T z
sh S
Th Z_
h h
D x
l l
c c
r r_
ch C_
y y
J j
v V
ts ‘a
y’ Avy
tsh —
z jü
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V}IlV kýa}Sur_ h_]C_V
kýa}ISr_ AC_r_mal
vNqj ek=k
v & vk k
vW &W vkW kW
v” &” v• &•
b f bZ h
m &q Å &w ¼_½ &`
[] &] , &s ,s &S
Aa] a] Ao ks ¼vkS½ kS
v~o &~o v~; &~; va &a
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V}IlV kýa}Sur_ h_]C_V
ký K g (G)
c C j (J)
‘a — jü
z Z x (X_) (N)
t T d (D) n
p P b (B) m
y r l V
S s h_
(f) Üa (Ý)
noz %
c]z¡yz_n m`jü TVn” Aam”©y AC_r_ IC_ IsIr_P__ Kas naVn m`jü w_Iºtmal kýr_n”
IyVan. msln |òýIF, _’kHk] AaEr_`gabad_, r_GunaT, Jar_K`x_, BnzVah_, k\__»N,
DnV}ti, fma, ÝaneÔar_.
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