Lepidoptera of tundra habitats of the northern Kola Peninsula, Northwestern Russia

2008·0.2 MB·

by  Mikhail Kozlov

©EntomologicaFennica.13June2008
Lepidoptera of tundra habitats of the northern Kola Peninsula,
Northwestern Russia
MikhailV.Kozlov&JaakkoKullberg
Kozlov,M.V.&Kullberg,J.2008:Lepidopteraoftundrahabitatsofthenorthern
KolaPeninsula,NorthwesternRussia.—Entomol.Fennica19:114–121.
Sampling of 10 sites in 1994–2006 along roads connecting Murmansk with
Teriberka and Dalniye Zelentsy yielded 140 species of moths and butterflies.
EpinotiaimmundanaandOrtholepisvacciniellaarerecordedforthefirsttime
fromtheKolaPeninsula,whichincreasedtheregionalfaunato690species.Al-
thoughsomearcto-alpinespecieshavebeencollected(inparticularSparganothis
praecana,Catastiakistrandella,Euphydryasiduna,Glaciescoracina),thefauna
wasclearlydominatedbyspeciestypicalfortheforestedhabitatsofthecentral
part of the Kola Peninsula. This result suggests that the ‘routine’sampling in
north-easterntundrabetweenMurmanskandPonojmightnotbeasimportantin
terms of biogeography as it has been expected. Instead, new collecting trips
shouldbeorientedtoareaswithspecialvegetation,primarilylimestoneorsandy
areaswhicharemorelikelytosupportmoreeasternand/orarcticspecies.
M.V.Kozlov,SectionofEcology,UniversityofTurku,FI-20014Turku,Finland;
E-mail:[email protected]
J.Kullberg,ZoologicalMuseum,UniversityofHelsinki,P.O.Box17,FI-00014
Helsinki,Finland;E-mail:[email protected]
Received9May2007,accepted11September2007
1.Introduction onlyeightspeciesofLepidopterawereearlierre-
portedfromthetundraandsub-tundralocalities
The fauna of moths and butterflies of the Mur- totheeastofMurmansk(Kozlov&Jalava1994),
mansk region is reasonably well documented, althoughtheroadtoDalniyeZelentsywasacces-
with 688 species reported to date (Kozlov & siblefor4WDcarsalreadyseveraldecadesago.
Jalava1994,Kozlovetal.2000,Kozlov&Kull- Quite recently 47 species were listed from the
berg2006).However,theonlyexploredlocality surroundingsofGavrilovoandsixspecies–from
in the north-eastern part of the Kola Peninsula, Sem’Ostrovov archipelago (located at/near the
beyond the line connecting Murmansk with Barents Sea shore some 115 and 175 km E of
Pulonga(themosteasternsitereachedbyourex- Murmansk, respectively) by Shutova et al.
peditionin2004:Kozlov&Kullberg2006),isthe (1999).
mouthofthePonojriver.FromthissiteKozlov& Thescarcityoftheinformationonmothsand
Jalava(1994)reported69speciesfromthesamp- butterfliesofthisregionisnotonlytheresultof
les which have been collected by Finnish ento- lowaccessibility,butalsoofharshclimaticcondi-
mologistsduringthesecondhalfofthe19thcen- tions.Strongwindsgivealmostnochancetocol-
tury and the beginning of the 20th century [see lectmothsintundranear theArcticOcean, and
Silfverberg (1988) for history]. Surprisingly, unpredictable weather fluctuations may allow
ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.19 (cid:127) LepidopteraneartheArcticOcean 115
Fig.1.LocationofthestudyareaontheNortherncoastoftheKolaPeninsula,north-westernRussia.Enlargedview
shownonright.Forcoordinatesofsamplingsites(blackdots),seeTable1.
onlyfewhoursofcollectingduringseveralweeks ciation with the construction of the Serebry-
of the stay in this area. In particular, Djakonov anskayahydro-powerplant.Thefirst40–50km
(1911)duringtwosummermonthsof1910samp- ofthisroadnearMurmanskispaved;thenarea-
led only 29 species of Lepidoptera near Mur- sonably good gravel road continues to both
mansk; similar result (31 species) for the same TeriberkaandTumannyi.Themostdistantparts
areawasreportedbyMiller(1915)onthebasisof oftheroadareaccessibleby4WDcarsonly.In
two months of collecting in summer of 1914. 1994–1995itwaspossibletovisitseashoretothe
Shorttripsmayappearcompletelyunsuccessful. NorthofTeriberka,aswellastodrivetoDalniye
For example, only two species of Geometridae Zelentsyandevenfurtheron,reachinganaban-
were collected during one of the visits to doned military camp some 7 km E of Dalniye
Tumannyi,inspiteofreasonablylargecollecting Zelentsy. However, in 2001 access to both
effort(some10person-hours).Stillthedatafrom TeriberkaandDalniyeZelentsywasprohibited.
thenorth-easternpartoftheKolaPeninsulaaccu- Mothsandbutterflieswerecollectedbynet-
mulated steadily since 1994, and following the tinginseverallocalities(Fig.1,Table1)during
very successful season of 2006 we decided to thetripstoTeriberkaon10.–11.VII.1994(54spe-
publishthecompletelistofspeciesthathadbeen cies collected in seven sites during 17 person-
discoveredintundratotheEastofMurmansk. hours of sampling), Dalniye Zelentsy on 8.–
Wealsoincludeshortdescriptionofthehabi- 9.VII.1995(41speciescollectedinsixsitesdur-
tats, because this information, trivial for e.g. ing13person-hoursofsampling),andshortvisit
Finnish entomologists, may well be of impor- of two localities between Murmansk and
tanceforthelepidopterologistsfromotherparts Tumannyion16.VII.2006(30speciescollected
oftheWorld.Inparticular,arecentdescriptionof intwositesduring5person-hoursofsampling).
thecollectingtriptomuchmoreaccessibleparts A.LvovskyexploredsurroundingsofTumannyi
ofSwedishLapland(Pickles2005)indicateshigh on28.VI.–17.VII.2006(108speciescollectedin
interest to this region among researchers that threesamplingareas).Thevoucherspecimensare
haveneverhadanopportunitytovisitthetundra depositedintheZoologicalMuseum,University
ofNorthernFennoscandia.Anadditionalreason of Helsinki (MZH) and in the Zoological Insti-
forpublishingthisreportisthecurrentrestriction tute,St.Petersburg(ZIN).
ofaccesstotheseashoreintheMurmanskregion, Wecontinuetousenumericcodesforthelo-
whichmakesfurthercollectionunlikely. calities (Fig. 1, Table 1) as in the earlier papers
(Kozlov & Jalava 1994, Kozlov et al. 2000,
Kozlov&Kullberg2006)andaddthenewlocali-
2.Materialsandmethods tiestotheendofthelist(numbers101–108).Tax-
onomyfollowsKullbergetal.(2002,2007);as-
TheroadconnectingMurmanskwithTumannyi terisks(*)denotesspeciesthathavenotbeenpre-
waspresumablybuiltinthemid-1960iesinasso- viouslyreportedfromtheKolaPeninsula.Excla-
116 Kozlov&Kullberg (cid:127) ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.19
Table1.Collectinglocalities,samplingefforts,andnumbersofrecordedspecies.
Code Locality1 Latitude(N) UTM2 Years Collecting No.of
Longitude(E) sampled effort(h) species
26 DalniyeZelentsy 69°07’ DS1 1995,2006 2 17
36°04’
33 Tumannyi 68°53’ XD 1994,1995,2006 30 11
35°42’
101 20kmEMurmansk 68°55’ WB2 1994,1995 3 11
33°38’
102 45kmEMurmansk 68°53’ WB2 1995,2006 4 25
34°12’
103 50kmEMurmansk,atTeriberkar. 68°53’ WB2 1994,2006 6 41
34°24’
104 20kmSTeriberka 69°01’ WB3 1994 2 13
34°58’
105 5kmNWTeriberka,seashore 69°13’ WB3 1994 3 18
35°04’
106 12kmNTumannyi 69°00’ XD 1994,1995,2006 130 113
35°42’
107 25kmNTumannyi 69°06’ WB3 1994 5 29
35°48’
108 7kmSEEDalniyeZelentsy 69°05’ DS1 1995 8 20
36°17’
1)BoldfacedarethelocalitynamesthatcanbefoundinTheTimesAtlasoftheWorld.
2)LocalitiesinWB2belongtobiogeographicalprovinceLt,inallotherlocalitiestoLmur.
mation mark (!) indicates confirmed record of dicularis lapponica L. Characteristic Lepidop-
species that had been included in the first list tera species were Phiaris obsoletana (Zett.),
(Kozlov & Jalava 1994) on the basis of earlier Loxotermabipunctana(F.)(extremelyabundant
publicationsonly.Forcollectingyears,seeTable in104),Ancylisunguicella(L.),Zygaenaexulans
1; numbers of specimens are included for rare (Hochenw.),Coliaspalaeno(L.),Plebeiusopti-
speciesonly.BiogeographicalprovincesofFin- lete(Knoch),Macariafusca(Thnbg.)andSym-
land(Li,Le,Lkoc,Lkor)aregiveninitalics;fora pistisheliophila (Payk.). Seashorevegetationat
mapofprovinces,seee.g.Kullbergetal.(2002). 108 differed by presence of Astragalus alpinus
UTMgridfortheKolaPeninsulawaspublished ssp. arcticus Hultén, among which Grapholita
byKozlov&Jalava(1994). aureolana(Tengstr.)wasquitecommon.
3.Surveyedhabitatsand 3.2.Wettundra
characteristicspeciesofLepidoptera
Flatareasanddepressionsarecoveredmostlyby
3.1.Drytundra B.nana,SalixlapponumL.,V.myrtillus,P.coe-
ruleaandC.suecica;othercommonplantswere
Plainsandsmallhillsinthestudyregionarecove- RubuschamaemorusL.,AndromedapolifoliaL.,
redmostlybyEmpertumnigrumssp.hermaphro- GeraniumsylvaticumL.,V.uliginosum,Trollius
ditum(Hagerup)Böcher(cover30–60%),Clado- europaeus L., Melampyrum pratense L., Salix
nia spp. (30–60%) and Vaccinium myrtillus L. myrsinifolia subsp. borealis (Fries) A. Skvorts.,
(ca.10%);othercommonplantswereBetulana- S.phylicifoliaL.,BartsiaalpinaL.,Sorbusaucu-
na L., Cornus suecica L., Phyllodoce coerulea paria L., P. lapponica, Allium schoenoprasum
(L.)Bab.,VacciniumuliginosumL.,Ledumpalu- ssp. sibiricum (L.) Hartman, Juniperus commu-
streL.,Arctostaphylusalpina(L.)Niedz.andPe- nisssp.alpina(Sm.)Celak,Epilobiumangustifo-
ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.19 (cid:127) LepidopteraneartheArcticOcean 117
liumL.,TrientaliseuropaeaL.,Solidagovirgau- tilia calodactyla (Den. et Schiff.), Hellinsia
reassp.minuta(L.)Arcang.,Pinguiculavulgaris osteodactyla (Z.), Gesneria centuriella (Den. et
L., Pyrola minor L., Eriophorum angustifolium Schiff.),Lycaenaphlaeas(L.),Plebeiusidas(L.)
Honck.,andCarexspp.CharacteristicLepidop- andP.icarus(Rott.).Pierisnapi(L.)andPlutella
teraspecieswereIncurvariaoehlmanniella(Hb.) xylostella(L.)werecollectedfromthesehabitats
(common in 107), Ancylis myrtillana (Tr.), Aet- only.
hes deutschiana (Zett.) (most abundant in 108),
Phiarisobsoletana(Zett.)(commonin26),Polo- 4.Listofspecies
peustisaltensis(Wck.)(commonin26and106),
Udea decrepitalis (H.-S.), C. palaeno, Euphy- Micropterigidae
dryas iduna (Dalm.), Boloria aquilonaris Micropterixaureatella(Scop.).102(common).
(Stich.),B.freija(Thnbg.),B.frigga(Thnbg.),P.
optilete, Erebia disa (Thnbg.), E. pandrose Nepticulidae
(Bkh.)andDiarsiamendica(F.). Ectoedemiaminimella(Zett.).26.
Adelidae
3.3.Birchwoodlands Nemophorabellela(Wlk.).106.
Sparsely growing mountain birches (Betula pu- Incurvariidae
bescensssp.czerepanovii(Orlova)Hämet-Ahti) Incurvariaoehlmanniella(Hb.).26,103,107
occurmostlyinlowplaces,i.e.betweenhillsand (common).
alongtherivers.Thebirchesarelow(2–5m),po- Incurvariavetulella(Zett.).101,106.
lycormic,withtwistedtrunks.Fieldlayervegeta- Incurvariacirculella(Zett.).106,108.
tionisdominatedbyE.n.ssp.hermaphroditum;
othercommonplantswereJ.c.ssp.alpina,S.vir- Tineidae
gaurea,M.pratense,G.sylvaticum,V.myrtillus, Haplotineainsectella(F.).106.
V.vitis-idaeaL.,andC.suecica;Callunavulgaris Tineolabisselliella(Hummel).33(withinabuil-
(L.) Hull was common at 106 only. The wood- ding).
landsareoftenassociatedwithsmallbogscove- Monopislaevigella(Den.etSchiff.).106.
redby B.nana,SalixglaucaL.,A.polifolia,R. Monopisspilotella(Tengstr.).107(common).
chamaemorus,E.angustifolium,Calthapalustris
L., V. uliginosum, Carex spp. and sometimes Gracillariidae
Dactylorhiza maculata (L.) Soó. Characteristic Parornixloganella(Stt.).105.
Lepidoptera species were Monopis spilotella
(Tengstr.)(commonin107),Coleophorathulea Yponomeutidae
Johansson, Sparganothispraecana(Kennel), A. Paraswammerdamiaconspersella(Tengstr.).
deutschiana, A. myrtillana, Phiaris schulziana 33,102,106,107,108.
(F.),S.heliophila(verycommonin103),Rheu-
maptera subhastata (Nolcken), Xanthorhoe Plutellidae
montanata(Den.etSchiff.)andX.fluctuata(L.). Plutellaxylostella(L.).26,101,102,106,107,
108(commoninmostofthelocalities).
3.4.Secondaryvegetationalongroadsandon Glyphipterigidae
meadowsnearsettlements Glyphipterixhaworthana(Steph.).106.
ThemosttypicalplantspecieswasE.angustifo- Oecophoridae
lium;otherplantsincludeViciaspp.,Campanula Pleurotabicostella(Cl.).105(common),106,
sp.,Antennariadioica(L.)Gaertn.,S.v.ssp.mi- 107.
nuta, and different grasses. Characteristic Lepi- Denisiastipella(L.).105(common),106,107,
dopteraspecieswereMomphaidaei(Z.),Platyp- 108(common).
118 Kozlov&Kullberg (cid:127) ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.19
Elachistidae Lozotaeniaforsterana(F.).101,102,103,106,
ElachistaexcelsicolaBraun.106,108. 107,108.
Apheliaviburnana(Den.etSchiff.).26,105.
Coleophoridae Sparganothisrubicundana(H.-S.).102,103
ColeophoravacciniellaH.-S.106,108(com- (common).
mon). Sparganothispraecana(Kennel).103,106.
ColeophoraglitzellaHofm.108(common). Euliaministrana(L.).105,106,107.
ColeophoramurinellaTengstr.108. Hedyaatropunctana(Zett.).106.
ColeophorathuleaJohansson.103. ApotomisboreanaKrogerus.102,106.
ColeophoravirgaureaeStt.102,103,106. Apotomissororculana(Zett.).101,106,107.
ColeophorastriatipennellaNylander.106. Apotomissauciana(Fröl.).102,106(common),
107,108.
Momphidae Olethreutesconcretanus(Wck.).101.
Momphaidaei(Z.).103,105,106. Olethreutesledianus(L.).103,107.
Momphaconturbatella(Hb.).106. Loxotermalacunana(DenetSchiff.).26,102,
106.
Gelechiidae Loxotermabipunctana(F.).104,105,106,107
Teleiodesproximella(Hb.).106. (common).
Teleiopsisdiffinis(Hw.).106. Phiarisobsoletana(Zett.).26,102,103,104,
Alteniaperspersella(Wck.).106. 105,106,107,108(commoninmostofthe
Chionodeslugubrellus(F.).106. localities).
Chionodescontinuellus(Z.).104. Phiarisschulziana(F.).26,33,102,103,104,
Chionodesviduellus(F.).107. 105,106,107,108(commoninmostofthe
Syncopacmakarvoneni(Hackman).106:19ex. localities).
1.–10.VII.2006.Thenorthernmostrecordin Phiarisseptentrionana(Curt.).102,103,104,
Russia;sofar,knownfromtheWhiteSea 106(commoninmostofthelocalities).
shoreonly(Kozlov&Jalava1994). Phiaristurfosana(H.-S.).26,33,101,102,106,
Neofacultainfernella(H.-S.).102,103,104. 107.
Ancylisunguicella(L.).26,103,106.
Zygaenidae Ancylisuncella(Den.etSchiff.).106.
Zygaenaexulans(Hochenw.).102,103,106. Ancylismyrtillana(Tr.).33,101,102,103,104,
105,106,107,108(commoninmostofthe
Tortricidae localities).
Aethesdeutschiana(Zett.).26,33,102,103, Eriopselaquadrana(Hb.).33,106,107.
104,106,108(commoninmostoftheloca- *Epinotiaimmundana(F.v.R.).106:1ex.
lities). 3.VII.2006.ThenorthernmostrecordinFin-
Aethessmeathmanniana(F.).106(common). landisfromLi(Kullbergetal.2002).
Aethesdubitana(Hb.).26,106. Epinotiatetraquetrana(Hw.).33,102,103,
Eanaosseana(Scop.).102. 104,106(commoninmostofthelocalities).
!Eanaargentana(Cl.).106:1ex.16.VII.2006. Epinotiacruciana(L.).103.
Thefirstconfirmationoftheoccurrencein Eucosmasuomiana(Hoffm.).106:2exx.13.–
theKolaPeninsula.Thespecieswasmentio- 16.VII.2006.Sofar,reportedfromtheWhite
nedinourfirstlist(Kozlov&Jalava1994) Seashoreonly(Kozlov&Jalava1994).
onthebasisoftheunpublisheddatabyJ. Grapholitaaureolana(Tengstr.).26,33,106,
TengströmreferringtoLapponiaRossica,a 108.
territorythatincludesnotonlythelargerpart Pammeneclanculana(Tengstr.).106.
oftheMurmanskregionbutalsotheRe- Dichroramphaobscuratana(Wolff).106:1ex.
publicofKareliatotheNorthoftheKem’ 15.VII.2006.Sofar,reportedfromtheWhite
River(Tengström1869). Seashoreonly(Kozlov&Jalava1994).
Choristoneuraalbaniana(Wlk.).26,106.
ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.19 (cid:127) LepidopteraneartheArcticOcean 119
Epermeniidae Plebeiusidas(L.).106.
Phaulernisfulviguttella(Z.).106(common). Plebeiusoptilete(Knoch).102,103,106(com-
mon).
Pterophoridae Plebeiusicarus(Rott.).106(commononmea-
Platyptiliacalodactyla(Den.etSchiff.).103, dowsinthevalleyoftheVoronjariver).
106(common).
StenoptiliaveronicaeKarv.102:1ex. Nymphalidae
16.VII.2006.Sofar,reportedfromtheWhite Boloriaeunomia(Esp.).106(onbogs).
Seashoreonly(Kozlovetal.2000). Boloriaeuphrosyne(L.).102,103.
Hellinsiaosteodactyla(Z.).103,106(common). Boloriaselene(Den.&Schiff.).106(onbogs).
Hellinsiatephradactyla(Hb.).106. Boloriafreija(Thnbg.).103(common),104,
106(commononbogs).
Pyralidae Boloriapolaris(Boisd.).106(intundra).
*Ortholepisvacciniella(LienigetZ.).103:1 Boloriafrigga(Thnbg.).103(common),106
ex.16.VII.2006.Anexpectedspecies,which (onbogs).
isfoundinallprovincesofNorthernFinland Boloriaaquilonaris(Stich.).106(onbogs).
(Kullbergetal.2002). Euphydryasiduna(Dalm.).103(common),106
CatastiakistrandellaOpheim.106:2exx. (onbogs).
3.VII.2006.Thenorthernmostrecord;earlier Erebiadisa(Thnbg.).106,107.
reportedfromalpinehabitatsoftheKhibiny Erebiapandrose(Bkh.).103,106,108(com-
Mts.andLovozeroMts.(Kozlov&Jalava moninalllocalities).
1994);alsofoundatKrasnyiKameninPolar
Ural(J.Kullberg,pers.obs.). Geometridae
Polopeustisaltensis(Wck.).26,106(common). Jodisputata(L.).106.
Episcythrastistetricella(Den.etSchiff.).104. Scopulaternata(Schrank).102,103,106,107.
Gesneriacenturiella(Den.etSchiff.).104,106 Xanthorhoedecoloraria(Esp.).106.
(common),107. Xanthorhoefluctuata(L.).103,105.
Eudoniamurana(Curt.).106,108. Xanthorhoeannotinata(Zett.).101.
Eudoniaalpina(Curt.).103. Xanthorhoemontanata(Den.etSchiff.).103,
Catoptriamaculalis(Zett.).103,106. 105,106(common),107.
Crambusericellus(Hb.).106. Xanthorhoespadicearia(Den.etSchiff.).106.
Crambushamellus(Thnbg.).106. Xanthorhoeferrugata(Cl.).106.
Udeainquinatalis(LienigetZ.).26,101,103, Xanthorhoeabrasaria(H.-S.).103,106.
104,105,106,108(commoninmostofthe Entephriacaesiata(Den.etSchiff.).105.
localities). Sparganialuctuata(Den.&Schiff.).33,106
Udeadecrepitalis(H.-S.).33,106(common). (common).
Opsibotysfuscalis(Den.etSchiff.).106. Dysstromatruncatum(Hufn.).106.
Ananiafunebris(Ström).103,106(common). Hydriomenaruberata(Freyer).106.
Rheumapterasubhastata(Nolcken).101,103,
Hesperiidae 106(common),107.
Pyrguscentaureae(Rambur).106. Perizomablandiatum(Den.etSchiff.).106
(common).
Pieridae Perizomaalbulatum(Den.etSchiff.).105,106
Anthochariscardamines(L.).106. (common).
Pierisnapi(L.).106. Eupitheciapygmaeata(Hb.).106.
Coliaspalaeno(L.).102,103,106(common). Eupitheciaintricata(Zett.).106.
Eupitheciasatyrata(Hb.).106.
Lycaenidae EupitheciagelidataMöschl.103,105,106
Callophrysrubi(L.).106. (common),107.
Lycaenaphlaeas(L.).106(common). Macariabrunneata(Thnbg.).106.
120 Kozlov&Kullberg (cid:127) ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.19
Macariafusca(Thnbg.).102,103,106,107. Therecentcollectingincreasedthenumberof
Macariacarbonaria(Cl.).106. records (compared to the data published by
Elophosvittaria(Thnbg.).26,105,106,107, Kozlov&Jalava1994)intheUTMsquareWB2
108(commoninmostofthelocalities). from7to53,inWB3from3to43,inXDfrom2
Glaciescoracina(Esp.).26,106(commonin to113,andinDSfrom3to30.Addingthedataby
tundra),107,108. Shutovaetal.(1999)furtherincreasedthenum-
berofrecordsinWB3to71,andinDS2toseven.
Lymantriidae Stillthisarearemainslessexploredthanthecen-
Leucomasalicis(L.).106. tralpartoftheKolaPeninsula(inparticularinre-
spectofleafminers,aswellasearlyandlatesea-
Arctiidae sonspecies),andthereforeanyconclusiononthe
Phragmatobiafuliginosa(L.).103. diversityofmothsandbutterfliesoftundraadja-
centtotheBarentsSeawouldbepremature.
Noctuidae Although most of the species collected near
Autographagamma(L.).106(rivervalley). theArcticOceanaretypicalforestLepidoptera,
Syngraphaparilis(Hb.).106(rivervalley). wehavenoreasonstoconcludethatallspeciesin-
Sympistisheliophila(Payk.).101,103,106 habiting the central (forested) part of the Kola
(commonintundra). PeninsulacanbefoundintundraneartheBarents
Sympistislapponica(Thnbg.).106(tundra). Sea shore. Moreover, surprisingly high overlap
Hadulamelanopa(Thnbg.).106(tundra). (65species)betweenthelistsof94speciespub-
Diarsiamendica(F.).105,106(common),107. lishedbyMikkola(2006)andof140speciesin-
Xestiaquieta(Hb.).106(tundra). cluded in the present paper hints that we can
hardlyexpecttosubstantiallyincreasethenum-
berofthespeciesbyfurthercollectingintundra
4.Discussion habitats. Thus, it seems likely that the fauna of
moths and butterflies of tundra near the Arctic
Thefaunaoftheexploredhabitatsresemblesthat Oceanisjustafractionofthefaunatypicalforthe
of the more southern, forested part of the Mur- forestedpartsoftheNorthernFennoscandia,with
manskregion.Thisresultisinthelinewithrecent onlyafewarcticspeciesadded.However,more
publication by Mikkola (2006) who found that dataarenecessarytotestthehypothesisthatsome
theLepidopteranfaunaoftheNorwegiancoastof specificlifehistorytraitsdeterminetheabilityof
theArcticOceanwasunexpectedlypoorinterms certainforestspeciestoinhabitthetundrabiome.
ofsubarcticandarcticspecies.Twospeciesnew Quite predictably, diversity of Lepidoptera
fortheKolaPeninsula,Epinotiaimmundanaand increased with the diversity of vegetation, with
Ortholepisvacciniella,arealsothetypicalrepre- themaximumnumberofspeciesoccurringinthe
sentatives of the boreal fauna. This result sug- rivervalleys.Comparablenumberofspecieswas
geststhatthe‘routine’samplinginnorth-eastern collectedinbogssurroundedbybirchwoodlands,
tundrabetweenMurmanskandPonojmightnot whileonlyafewspecieswererecordedfromdry
beasimportantintermsofbiogeographyasithas tundra. However, these observations may be
been expected. However, many interesting spe- partly biased by microclimate: more sheltered
cies come close to the research area, including habitatsalloweasiercollectionofmothsandbut-
butterflyspeciessuchasErebiarossii(Curt.)and terfliesthandoestheflatandwindytundra.
E. fasciata ssp. semo (Gr.-Gr.) that arereported Althoughnoquantitativeestimatesofspecies’
fromtheneighbouring Kanin Peninsulaand the abundances had been performed, we got the
Kolgujev Island (Gorbunov 2001). Keeping in strongimpressionthatavastmajorityofspecies
mind that many arctic species often show ex- intundrawaseithercommonorrare,withalmost
tremely local distributions, new collecting trips no species demonstrating intermediate (moder-
shouldbeorientedtoareaswithspecialvegeta- ate)abundance.Thisclearlycontradictsobserva-
tion,primarilytolimestoneorsandyareas,andto tionsconductedintheforestedpartsoftheKola
meanderingriversideswithfloweringmeadows. Peninsula,wherebothcommonandrarespecies
ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.19 (cid:127) LepidopteraneartheArcticOcean 121
represent relatively minor parts of the species Peninsula,NorthwesternRussia.—Entomol.Fennica
pool. 5:65–85.
Kozlov,M.V.&Kullberg,J.2006:LepidopteraofTerskij
The knowledge on the fauna of moths and
seashoreoftheKolaPeninsula,NorthwesternRussia.
butterflies of the Kola Peninsula, with 690 spe-
—Entomol.Fennica17:123–129.
ciesrecordedsofar,isnowapproachingthelevel Kozlov,M.V.,Jalava,J.&Shutova,E.2000:Newrecords
of Northern Fennoscandia. Still the comparison ofLepidopterafromtheKolaPeninsula,Northwestern
withtheNorthernFinland(biogeographicalpro- Russia.—Entomol.Fennica11:131–136.
Kullberg, J., Albrecht, A., Kaila, L. & Varis, V. 2002:
vincesLe,Li,LkocandLkor),with984speciesof
Checklist of Finnish Lepidoptera — Suomen per-
mothsandbutterfliesrecordedbytheendof2006
hostenluettelo.—Sahlbergia6:45–190.
(Kullberg etal. 2007), suggeststhatsome250– Kullberg, J., Albrecht, A., Kaila, L. & Varis, V. 2007:
300 additional species of Lepidoptera will cer- Checklist of Finnish Lepidoptera — Suomen per-
tainlybefoundintheKolaPeninsula. hosten luettelo. [www document]. URL http://
www.fmnh.helsinki.fi/elainmuseo/hyonteiset/perho-
set/index.htm(Accessed20April,2007).
Acknowledgements. We are thankful to A. Lvovsky, V. Mikkola,K.2006:OntheLepidopteranfaunaoftheNor-
ZverevandE.MelnikovforcollectingofLepidoptera,to wegiancoastoftheArcticOcean.—Baptria31:94–
thelateJ.Jalava,aswellastoL.Kaila,A.Lvovsky,A. 99.[InFinnish].
MatovandV.Mironovforidentificationofdifficulttaxa, Miller,E.1915:Onthecharacteristicsofthelepidopteran
andtoK.Mikkolaforcommentsonanearlierdraftofthe faunaoftheMurmanskcoast.—Bull.Soc.Entomol.
manuscript. The travel was partially supported by the Moscow1:124–135.[InRussian].
AcademyofFinland. Pickles,A.J.2005:CollectinginLapland,JuneandJuly
2004.—Entomol.Rec.J.Var.117:207–220.
Shutova,E.V.,Antonova,E.M.,Sviridov,A.V.&Kuten-
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