Lehne’s Pharmacotherapeutics for Nurse Practitioners and Physician Assistants PDF
Preview Lehne’s Pharmacotherapeutics for Nurse Practitioners and Physician Assistants
Lehne's Pharmacotherapeutics for Advanced Practice Providers Laura D. Rosenthal, DNP, ACNP, FAANP Assistant Professor, College of Nursing University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus Denver, Colorado Jacqueline Rosenjack Burchum, DNSc, FNP-BC, CNE Associate Professor, College of Nursing Department of Advanced Practice and Doctoral Studies University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis, Tennessee 2 Table of Contents Cover image Title Page Copyright Dedications Acknowledgments About the Authors Contributor and Reviewers Preface Laying Foundations in Basic Principles Reviewing Physiology and Pathophysiology Teaching Through Prototypes Large Print and Small Print: A Way to Focus on Essentials Using Clinical Reality to Prioritize Content Special Features Teaching Supplements for Instructors Ways to Use This Textbook Unit I Introduction Chapter 1 Prescriptive Authority What Is Prescriptive Authority? 3 Prescriptive Authority Regulations The Case for Full Prescriptive Authority Prescriptive Authority and Responsibility Chapter 2 Rational Drug Selection and Prescription Writing The Responsibility of Prescribing Drug Selection Prescriptions Assistance Chapter 3 Promoting Positive Outcomes of Drug Therapy Medication Education Monitoring Adherence Managing Medication Therapy Summary Unit II Basic Principles of Pharmacology Chapter 4 Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Drug Interactions Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Interaction Chapter 5 Adverse Drug Reactions and Medication Errors Adverse Drug Reactions Medication Errors Chapter 6 Individual Variation in Drug Responses Body Weight and Composition Age Pathophysiology Tolerance Placebo Effect 4 Variability in Absorption Genetics and Pharmacogenomics Gender- and Race-Related Variations Comorbidities and Drug Interactions Unit III Drug Therapy Across the Life Span Chapter 7 Drug Therapy During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Drug Therapy During Pregnancy: Basic Considerations Drug Therapy During Pregnancy: Teratogenesis Drug Therapy During Breastfeeding Chapter 8 Drug Therapy in Pediatric Patients Pharmacokinetics: Neonates and Infants Pharmacokinetics: Children 1 Year and Older Adverse Drug Reactions Dosage Determination Promoting Adherence Chapter 9 Drug Therapy in Geriatric Patients Pharmacokinetic Changes in Older Adults Pharmacodynamic Changes in Older Adults Adverse Drug Reactions and Drug Interactions Promoting Adherence Unit IV Peripheral Nervous System Drugs Chapter 10 Basic Principles of Neuropharmacology How Neurons Regulate Physiologic Processes Basic Mechanisms by Which Neuropharmacologic Agents Act Multiple Receptor Types and Selectivity of Drug Action An Approach to Learning About Peripheral Nervous System Drugs Chapter 11 Physiology of the Peripheral Nervous System Divisions of the Nervous System 5 Overview of Autonomic Nervous System Functions Basic Mechanisms by Which the Autonomic Nervous System Regulates Physiologic Processes Anatomic Considerations Introduction to Transmitters of the Peripheral Nervous System Introduction to Receptors of the Peripheral Nervous System Exploring the Concept of Receptor Subtypes Locations of Receptor Subtypes Functions of Cholinergic and Adrenergic Receptor Subtypes Receptor Specificity of the Adrenergic Transmitters Transmitter Life Cycles Chapter 12 Muscarinic Agonists and Antagonists Introduction to Cholinergic Drugs Muscarinic Agonists, Cholinesterase Inhibitors, and Muscarinic Antagonists Chapter 13 Adrenergic Agonists Mechanisms of Adrenergic Receptor Activation Overview of the Adrenergic Agonists Therapeutic Applications and Adverse Effects of Adrenergic Receptor Activation Properties of Representative Adrenergic Agonists Prescribing and Monitoring Considerations Chapter 14 Adrenergic Antagonists Alpha-Adrenergic Antagonists Beta-Adrenergic Antagonists Prescribing and Monitoring Considerations Chapter 15 Indirect-Acting Antiadrenergic Agents Centrally Acting Alpha Agonists 2 Adrenergic Neuron-Blocking Agents Prescribing and Monitoring Considerations Unit V Central Nervous System Drugs 6 Chapter 16 Introduction to Central Nervous System Pharmacology Transmitters of the Central Nervous System The Blood-Brain Barrier How Do Central Nervous System Drugs Produce Therapeutic Effects? Adaptation of the Central Nervous System to Prolonged Drug Exposure Development of New Psychotherapeutic Drugs Approaching the Study of Central Nervous System Drugs Chapter 17 Drugs for Parkinson Disease Pathophysiology That Underlies Motor Symptoms Overview of Motor Symptom Management Pharmacology of the Drugs Used for Motor Symptoms Prescribing and Monitoring Considerations Chapter 18 Drugs for Alzheimer Disease Pathophysiology Risk Factors and Symptoms Drugs for Cognitive Impairment Drugs for Neuropsychiatric Symptoms Can We Prevent Alzheimer Disease or Delay Cognitive Decline? Chapter 19 Drugs for Epilepsy Seizure Generation Types of Seizures How Antiepileptic Drugs Work Basic Therapeutic Considerations Classification of Antiepileptic Drugs Traditional Antiepileptic Drugs Newer Antiepileptic Drugs Prescribing and Monitoring Considerations Chapter 20 Drugs for Muscle Spasm and Spasticity Drug Therapy of Muscle Spasm: Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxants 7 Drugs for Spasticity Prescribing and Monitoring Considerations for Drugs Used to Treat Muscle Spasm: Centrally Acting Skeletal Muscle Relaxants Unit VI Drugs for Pain Chapter 21 Local Anesthetics Basic Pharmacology of the Local Anesthetics Properties of Individual Local Anesthetics Clinical Use of Local Anesthetics Chapter 22 Opioid Analgesics, Opioid Antagonists, and Nonopioid Centrally Acting Analgesics Opioid Analgesics Basic Pharmacology of the Opioids Prescribing Opioids for Chronic, Noncancer Pain Clinical Use of Opioids Opioid Antagonists Nonopioid Centrally Acting Analgesic—Tramadol Chapter 23 Drugs for Headache Migraine Headache Cluster Headaches Tension-Type Headache Medication Overuse Headache Unit VII Psychotherapeutic Drugs Chapter 24 Antipsychotic Agents and Their Use in Schizophrenia Schizophrenia: Clinical Presentation and Etiology First-Generation (Conventional) Antipsychotics Second-Generation (Atypical) Antipsychotics Depot Antipsychotic Preparations Management of Schizophrenia Chapter 25 Antidepressants 8 Major Depression: Clinical Features, Pathogenesis, and Treatment Overview Drugs Used for Depression Peripartum Depression Somatic (Nondrug) Therapies for Depression Chapter 26 Drugs for Bipolar Disorder Characteristics of Bipolar Disorder Treatment of Bipolar Disorder Mood-Stabilizing Drugs Antipsychotic Drugs Chapter 27 Sedative-Hypnotic Drugs Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepine-Like Drugs Ramelteon: A Melatonin Agonist Barbiturates Management of Insomnia Other Hypnotics Chapter 28 Management of Anxiety Disorders Generalized Anxiety Disorder Panic Disorder Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Social Anxiety Disorder Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Chapter 29 Central Nervous System Stimulants and Attention- Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Central Nervous System Stimulants Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Unit VIII Drug Abuse Chapter 30 Drug Abuse I Definitions 9 Diagnostic Criteria Regarding Drugs of Abuse Factors That Contribute to Drug Abuse Neurobiology of Addiction Principles of Addiction Treatment The Controlled Substances Act Chapter 31 Drug Abuse II Basic Pharmacology of Alcohol Alcohol Use Disorder Drugs for Alcohol Use Disorder Chapter 32 Drug Abuse III Basic Pharmacology of Nicotine Pharmacologic Aids to Smoking Cessation Chapter 33 Drug Abuse IV Heroin, Oxycodone, and Other Opioids General Central Nervous System Depressants Psychostimulants Marijuana and Related Preparations Psychedelics Dextromethorphan 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy) Inhalants Anabolic Steroids Unit IX Drugs that Affect the Heart, Blood Vessels, Blood, and Blood Volume Chapter 34 Review of Hemodynamics Overview of the Circulatory System Regulation of Cardiac Output Regulation of Arterial Pressure 10
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