Legitimacy and the State in Twentieth-Century Africa: Essays in Honour of A. H. M. Kirk-Greene

291 Pages·1993·28.549 MB·English

by  Terence Ranger, Olufemi Vaughan (eds.)

St Antony's/Macmillan Series
General Editors: Archie Brown ( 1978-85), Rosemary Thorp ( 1985-92) and Alex
Pravda (1993-), all Fellows ofSt Antony's College, Oxford.
Recent titles include:
Christopher Abel and Colin M. Lewis (editors)
WELFARE, POVER1Y AND DEVELOPMENT IN LATIN AMERICA
Jeremy Adelman (edit~»")
ESSAYS IN ARGENTINE LABOUR HISTORY, 1870-1930
Orlando Albornoz
EDUCATION AND SOCIE1YIN LATIN AMERICA
Amatzia Baram
CULTURE, HISTORY AND IDEOLOGY IN THE FORMATION OF BA'THIST
IRAQ. 1968-89
Archie Brown (edit~»")
NEW THINKING IN SOVIET POLITICS
Deborah Fahy Bryceson
FOOD INSECURI1Y AND THE SOCIAL DMSION OF LABOUR IN
TANZJUNIA, 1919-85
Sir Alec Cairncross
PLANNING IN WARTIME
Rodolfo Cerdas-Cruz
THE COMMUNIST INTERNATIONAL IN CENTRAL AMERICA, 1920-36
Anuson Chinvanno
THAILAND'S POLICIES TOWARDS CHINA, 1949-54
Colin Clarke (edit~»")
SOCIE1Y AND POLITICS IN THE CARIBBEAN
John Crabtree
PERU UNDER GARCiA
Alex Danchev (edit~»")
INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES ON THE FALKLANDS CONFLICT
Joiio de Pina-Cabral and john Campbell (edittn"s)
EUROPE OBSERVED
Guido di Tella and Carlos Rodriguez Braun (editors)
ARGENTINA, 1946-83: THE ECONOMIC MINISTERS SPEAK
D. R. Dorondo
BAVARIA AND GERMAN FEDERALISM
Saul Dubow
RACIAL SEGREGATION AND THE ORIGINS OF APARTHEID IN SOUTH
AFRICA, 1919-36
Michael B. Froman
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE IDEA OF DETENTE
Haruhiro Fukui, Peter H. Merkt, Hubertus Mliller-Groeling and Akio Watanabe
(edit~»"s)
THE POLITICS OF ECONOMIC CHANGE IN POSTWAR JAPAN AND WEST
GERMANY
Heather D. Gibson and Euclid Tsakalotos (editors)
ECONOMIC INTEGRATION AND FINANCIAL LIBERALIZATION
Avner Gil'adi
CHILDREN OF ISLAM
Beatrice Heuser and Robert O'Neill (editors)
SECURING PEACE IN EUROPE, 1945-62
Derek Hopwood
HABIB BOURGUIBA OF 'TIJNISIA
Anita Isaacs
MILITARY RULE AND TRANSITION IN ECUADOR, 1972-92
Hiroshi Ishida
SOCIAL MOBILITY IN CONTEMPOI~RY JAPAN
Jeremy Jennings (edilor)
INTELLECl'UALS IN 1WENTIETH-CENTURY FRANCE
Leslie McLoughlin
IBN SAUD: FOUNDER OF A KINGDOM
lftikhar H. Malik
US-SOUTH ASIAN RELATIONS, 1940-47
Ziba Moshaver
NUCLEAR WEAPONS PROLIFERATION IN TI-lE INDIAN SUBCONTINENT
Jonathan Osmond
RUlW. PROTEST IN THE WEIMAR REPUBLIC
Leslie Palmier (editor)
DETENTE IN ASIA?
George Philip
THE PRESIDENCY IN MEXICAN POLITICS
Riitta Pittman
THE WRITER'S DIVIDED SELF IN BULCAKOV'S TilE MASTER AND
MARGARITA
Alfonso W. Quiroz
DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN FINANCE IN MODERN PERU,l850-1950
Terence Ranger and Olufemi Vaughan (editors)
LEGITIMACY AND TilE STATE IN 1WENTIETH-CEN11JRY AFRICA
Gregor Schollgen
A CONSERVATIVE AGAINST HITLER (trarulaled l!y Louise WiUmot)
Wenguang Shao
CHINA, BRITAIN AND BUSINESSMEN
Sebastian Siebel-Achenbach
LOWER SILESIA FROM NAZI GERMANY TO COMMUNIST POLAND, 1942-49
Pierre L. Siklos
WAR FINANCE, RECONSTRUCTION, HYPEIUNFLATION AND
STAIHLIZATION IN HUNGARY, 1938-48
H. Cordon Skilling (edilor)
CZECHOSLOVAKIA, 1918-88
Barbara Stallings and Gabriel Szekely (editors)
JAPAN, THE UNITED STATES, AND LATIN AMERICA
Joseph S. Szyliowicz
POLITICS, TECHNOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENT
Haris Vlavianos
GREECE, 1941-49: FROM RESISTANCE TO CIVIL WAR
Stephen Welch
TilE CONCEPT OF POLITICAL CULTURE
Legitimacy and the
State in Twentieth
Century Mrica
Essays in Honour of A. H. M. Kirk-Greene
Edited by
Terence Ranger
and
Olufemi Vaughan
~in
association with
~
ST ANTONY'S COLLEGE, OXFORD
© Terence Ranger and Olufemi Vaughan 1993
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1993
All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of
this publication may be made without written permission.
No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or
transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with
the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988,
or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying
issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Totten ham Court
Road, London W1P 9HE.
Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this
publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil
claims for damages.
First published 1993
ISBN 978-1-349-12344-5 ISBN 978-1-349-12342-1 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-12342-1
A. catalogue record for this book is available
from the British Library.
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2
04 03 02 01 00 99 98 97 96
Contents
Notes on the Contributors vii
Frontispiece x
~a ~
Introduction I
PART I LEGITIMACY AND THE COLONIAL STATE
I Purity and Exotica in Legitimating the Empire.
Cultural Constructions of Gender, Sexuality
and Race
Helen Callaway 31
2 The Invention ofTradition Revisited:
The Case of Colonial Africa
Terence Ranger 62
3 Garveyism, Akinpelu Obisesan and his
Contemporaries: Ibadan, I920-22
Gavin Williams 112
PART II LEGITIMACY AND THE NATIONALIST
TRANSITION
4 Decolonisation and Legitimation in Nigeria
Olufemi Vaughan 135
5. The Demise of Indirect Rule in the Emirates of
Northern Nigeria
A.Af. Yakubu I62
6 Christianity, Colonial Legitimacy and the Rise of
Nationalist Politics in Northern Nigeria
Niels Kastfelt I91
PART III LEGITIMACY AND THE
CONTEMPORARY STATE
7 'Power in the Name ofj esus':
Social Transformation and Pentecostalism in
Western Nigeria 'Revisited'
Ruth Marshall 2I3
vi Contents
8 Reappraising Postcolonial Geopolitics: Europe,
Mrica and the End of the Cold War
Daniel C. Bach 24 7
Postscript: Legitimacy, Civil Society and the
Return of Europe 258
PART IV A. H. M. KIRK-GREENE: A SELECT
BIBLIOGRAPHY 265
Shehu Othman
Index 282
Notes on the Contributors
Terence Ranger is Rhodes Professor of Race Relations at St
Antony's College, Oxford, and for the last five years a
colleague there of Tony Kirk-Greene. He is the editor, with
Eric Hobsbawm, of The Invention of Tradition (1983) and many
books and articles on Mrican religious, political, social and
ecological history.
Olufemi Vaughan is a Nigerian. Until recently he was a
graduate student of Tony Kirk-Greene at the University of
Oxford. He is currently teaching Mrican politics at the State
University of New York, Stony Brook. His articles on Nigerian
politics have appeared in the journal of Commonwealth and
Comparative Politics and Politique Africaine.
Gavin Williams is Fellow of StPeter's College, Oxford, and has
been for many years a colleague of Tony Kirk-Greene in the
development of West Mrican Studies. He is the author of
many works on Nigerian politics and Mrican peasantries and
is currently engaged on a study of the Nigerian Civil War.
Helen Callaway was a doctoral student of Tony Kirk-Greene.
Her prizewinning Gender, Culture and Empire ( 1987) was a
development from her D.Phil. thesis. She has been Co
Director of the Oxford Multi-Cultural Women's Studies
Programme. She is currently working with Dorothy Helly on a
biography of Lady Lugard.
A. M. Yakubu is a Nigerian. He worked under Tony Kirk
Greene's supervision for his Oxford D.Phil. thesis 'An
Artistocracy in Political Crisis: Zamanin Siyasa in the Nigerian
Emirates, 1939-1967', which he completed in 1991. He
teaches at the University ofjos.
Niels Kast{elt is Lecturer in the Institute for Church History at
the University of Copenhagen. He has been inspired by Tony
Kirk-Greene's work on the history of Northern Nigeria. He is
vii
viii Notes on the Contributers
preparing a monograph to be entitled Churches, History and
Politics in Northern Nigeria.
Ruth Marshall is a do<:toral student, working under the super
vision of Gavin Williams, at St Peter's Colleg<!, Oxford. She
represents the latest generation of Oxford West Africanists. An
earlier version of her chapter in this book appeared in The
Review of African Political Economy, 52, 1991, as 'Power in the
Name of.Jcsus'.
Daniel Bach is Lecturer at the lnstitut,d'I~tudes Politiqucs and
Director of Research at the Centre d'Etude d'Afrique noire in
Bordeaux. He is the author of many works on contemporary
Mrican politics. He has been both a student and a colleague
of Tony Kirk-Greene. They are jointly editing Francophone
Africa since Independence.
A. H. M. Kirk-Greene photograph : Rob Judges
X