Legal Sabotage: Ernst Fraenkel In Hitler’s Germany PDF
Preview Legal Sabotage: Ernst Fraenkel In Hitler’s Germany
LEGAL SABOTAGE The Jewish leftist lawyer Ernst Fraenkel was one of twentieth-century Germany’s great intellectuals. During the Weimar Republic, he was a shrewd constitutional theorist for the Social Democrats, and in post– WorldWarIIGermany,hewasarespectedpoliticalscientistwhoworked tosecureWestGermany’snewdemocracy.Thisbookhomesinonthemost dramatic years ofFraenkel’s life, when heworkedwithin Nazi Germany actively resisting the regime, both publicly and secretly. As a lawyer, he representedpoliticaldefendantsincourt.Asadissident,heworkedinthe underground.Asanintellectual,hewrotehismostfamouswork,TheDual State–aclassicaccountofNazilawandpolitics.Thisfirstdetailedaccount ofFraenkel’scareerinNaziGermanyopensupanewviewonanti-Nazi resistance – its nature, possibilities, and limits. With grit, daring, and imagination, Fraenkel fought for freedom against an increasingly repressiveregime. douglas g. morris is both a legal historian and a criminal defense attorneyforindigentclientsinNewYorkCity.Hehaspublishedwidely ontwentieth-centuryGermanlegalhistoryandwasarecipientofthe1998 ThurgoodMarshallAwardfromtheAssociationoftheBaroftheCityof New York for serving “as pro bono counsel to a human being under a sentenceofdeath.” cambridge studies in constitutional law Theaimofthisseriesistoproduceleadingmonographsinconstitutional law.Allareasofconstitutionallawandpubliclawfallwithintheambitof theseries,includinghumanrightsandcivillibertieslaw,administrative law,aswellasconstitutionaltheoryandthehistoryofconstitutionallaw. Awidevarietyofscholarlyapproachesisencouraged,withthegoverning criterion being simply that the work is of interest to an international audience. Thus, works concerned with only one jurisdiction will be includedintheseriesasappropriate,while,atthesametime,theseries will include works which are explicitly comparative or theoretical – or both. The series editor likewise welcomes proposals that work at the intersectionofconstitutionalandinternationallaw,orthatseektobridge thegapsbetweencivillawsystems,theUS,andthecommonlawjurisdic- tionsoftheCommonwealth. SeriesEditors DavidDyzenhaus ProfessorofLawandPhilosophy,UniversityofToronto,Canada ThomasPoole ProfessorofLaw,LondonSchoolofEconomicsandPoliticalScience EditorialAdvisoryBoard T.R.S.Allan,Cambridge,UK DamianChalmers,LSE,UK SujitChoudhry,Berkeley,USA MonicaClaes,Maastricht,Netherlands DavidCole,Georgetown,USA K.D.Ewing,King’sCollegeLondon,UK DavidFeldman,Cambridge,UK CoraHoexter,Witwatersrand,SouthAfrica ChristophMoellers,Humboldt,Germany AdrienneStone,Melbourne,Australia AdamTomkins,Glasgow,UK AdrianVermeule,Harvard,USA BooksintheSeries LegalSabotage:ErnstFraenkelinHitler’sGermanyDouglasG.Morris ProportionalityinAction:ComparativeandEmpiricalPerspectivesonthe Judicial Practice Edited by Mordechai Kremnitzer, Tayla Steiner and AndrejLang Constitutional Dialogue: Democracy, Rights, Institutions Edited by GeoffreySigalet,GrégoireWebberandRosalindDixon The Veiled Sceptre: Reserve Powers of Heads of State in Westminster SystemsAnneTwomey Vigilance and Restraint in the Common Law of Judicial Review DeanKnight TheAlchemists:QuestioningOurFaithinCourtsasDemocracy-Builders TomGeraldDaly Australia’sConstitutionafterWhitlamBrendanLim BuildingtheConstitution:ThePracticeofConstitutionalInterpretationin Post-ApartheidSouthAfricaJamesFowkes DimensionsofDignity:TheTheoryandPracticeofModernConstitutional LawJacobWeinrib ReasonofState:Law,Prerogative,EmpireThomasPoole BillsofRightsintheCommonLawRobertLeckey TheGuardianoftheConstitution:HansKelsenandCarlSchmittonthe LimitsofConstitutionalLawTranslatedbyLarsVinx,withanintroduc- tionandnotesbyLarsVinx Parliamentary Bills of Rights: The Experiences of New Zealand and the UnitedKingdomExperiencesJanetL.HiebertandJamesB.Kelly Lawyering for the Rule of Law: Government Lawyers and the Rise of JudicialPowerinIsraelYoavDotan Balancing Constitutional Rights: The Origins and Meanings of Postwar LegalDiscourseJaccoBomhoff Judges on Trial: The Independence and Accountability of the English JudiciaryShimonShetreetandSophieTurenne Proportionality and Constitutional Culture Moshe Cohen-Eliya and IddoPorat The Politics of Principle: The First South African Constitutional Court, 1995–2005TheunisRoux TheNewCommonwealthModelofConstitutionalism:TheoryandPractice StephenGardbaum SearchingfortheStateinBritishLegalThought:CompetingConceptionsof thePublicSphereJanetMcLean JudgingSocialRightsJeffKing Proportionality:ConstitutionalRightsandtheirLimitationsAharonBarak ParliamentarySovereignty:ContemporaryDebatesJeffreyGoldsworthy L E G A L S A B O T A G E ’ Ernst Fraenkel in Hitler s Germany DOUGLAS G. MORRIS FederalDefendersofNewYork UniversityPrintingHouse,CambridgeCB28BS,UnitedKingdom OneLibertyPlaza,20thFloor,NewYork,NY10006,USA 477WilliamstownRoad,PortMelbourne,VIC3207,Australia 314–321,3rdFloor,Plot3,SplendorForum,JasolaDistrictCentre, NewDelhi–110025,India 79AnsonRoad,#06–04/06,Singapore079906 CambridgeUniversityPressispartoftheUniversityofCambridge. ItfurtherstheUniversity’smissionbydisseminatingknowledgeinthepursuitof education,learning,andresearchatthehighestinternationallevelsofexcellence. www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9781108835008 DOI:10.1017/9781108872324 ©DouglasG.Morris2020 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2020 AcataloguerecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Names:Morris,DouglasG.,1954–author. Title:Legalsabotage:ErnstFraenkelinHitler’sGermany/DouglasMorris,Federal DefendersofNewYork Description:NewYork:CambridgeUniversityPress,2020.|Series:Cambridgestudiesin constitutionallaw|Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. Identifiers:LCCN2019058652(print)|LCCN2019058653(ebook)|ISBN9781108835008 (hardback)|ISBN9781108872324(ebook) Subjects:LCSH:Fraenkel,Ernst,1898–1975.|Lawyers–Germany–Biography.|Germany– Politicsandgovernment–1933–1945. Classification:LCCKK185.F725M672020(print)|LCCKK185.F725(ebook)|DDC 340.092[B]–dc23 LCrecordavailableathttps://lccn.loc.gov/2019058652 LCebookrecordavailableathttps://lccn.loc.gov/2019058653 ISBN978-1-108-83500-8Hardback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracyof URLsforexternalorthird-partyinternetwebsitesreferredtointhispublication anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuchwebsitesis,orwillremain, accurateorappropriate. TomygrandchildrenSamandSara CONTENTS ListofPlates pagexi Acknowledgments xii ListofAbbreviations xv Introduction 1 1 SettingtheSceneofaJewishLawyer,LikeFraenkel, inNaziGermany 10 JewishLawyersEncounteringNaziOppression 10 FraenkelPeeringintotheDarknessintheWinter of1933 38 2 FraenkelasaSocialDemocratPracticingLaw inNaziGermany 43 CultivatingContactsinaFrighteningTime 43 SubvertingNaziRule 47 AdvisingPoliticalDefendants 52 FightingforDefendantsonTrial 65 TacklingtheProblemofCommunistDefendants 75 CopingwithaDecliningLegalPractice 88 UnderstandingtheDualStateasaPolitical Lawyer 93 3 FraenkelasanEssayistSupportingtheIllegal Underground 105 WritingFiveEssaysagainstNazism 105 OpposingtheNaziRevolutioninCriminalJustice 106 ix
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