Left-of-centre parties and trade unions in the twenty-first century PDF
Preview Left-of-centre parties and trade unions in the twenty-first century
LEFT-OF-CENTRE PARTIES AND TRADE UNIONS IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY Left-of-Centre Parties and Trade Unions in the Twenty-First Century Editedby ELIN HAUGSGJERD ALLERN and TIM BALE 1 OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,24/1/2017,SPi 3 GreatClarendonStreet,Oxford,OX26DP, UnitedKingdom OxfordUniversityPressisadepartmentoftheUniversityofOxford. ItfurtherstheUniversity’sobjectiveofexcellenceinresearch,scholarship, andeducationbypublishingworldwide.Oxfordisaregisteredtrademarkof OxfordUniversityPressintheUKandincertainothercountries ©OxfordUniversityPress2017 Themoralrightsoftheauthorshavebeenasserted FirstEditionpublishedin2017 Impression:1 Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedin aretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,withoutthe priorpermissioninwritingofOxfordUniversityPress,orasexpresslypermitted bylaw,bylicenceorundertermsagreedwiththeappropriatereprographics rightsorganization.Enquiriesconcerningreproductionoutsidethescopeofthe aboveshouldbesenttotheRightsDepartment,OxfordUniversityPress,atthe addressabove Youmustnotcirculatethisworkinanyotherform andyoumustimposethissameconditiononanyacquirer PublishedintheUnitedStatesofAmericabyOxfordUniversityPress 198MadisonAvenue,NewYork,NY10016,UnitedStatesofAmerica BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData Dataavailable LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2016948584 ISBN 978–0–19–879047–1 PrintedinGreatBritainby ClaysLtd,StIvesplc LinkstothirdpartywebsitesareprovidedbyOxfordingoodfaithand forinformationonly.Oxforddisclaimsanyresponsibilityforthematerials containedinanythirdpartywebsitereferencedinthiswork. Acknowledgements We have shared a fascination with the relationships between political parties andinterestgroupsindemocraciesforadecade.Thefirstfruitofourcollab- orationwasaworkshopattheECPRJointSessionsinLisbonin2009,which led to a special issue of the journal, Party Politics. The specific idea for the projectonwhichthisbookisbasedfirstoccurredtousinthespringof2011, during a series of conversations at the University of Sussex where one of us was then teaching and the other had come as a visiting fellow in order to developa joint researchproposalonparties andinterest groups.Wedecided that looking at left-of-centre parties and trade unions—long one of the best- known, politically most important, and most talked-about relationships— would be a great first stage in such a project, the second stage of which is ongoing as we write. That decision led to us rounding up a posse of country experts drawn from scholarsspecializing eitherin parties or in tradeunions/ interestgroups,orinsomecasesboth. Since then, and through the course of what has been a complex and challenging projectto pulltogether,wefeel wehave gotto knowallof them. Clearly this volume could never have materialized without their expertise, theircommitment,andtheirbeingpreparedtoputupwithourdemands!We would like to thank them all—and, no doubt, the colleagues, friends, and families who stand behind them, as well as the people in parties and trade unionsallaroundtheworldwhoagreedtofillintheirquestionnairesandmeet themforinterviews.Socialsciencereliesonthecooperationofthoseitstudies in order to come up with accurate and, we hope, interesting findings, so we appreciatethathelpimmensely. Wealsoappreciateallthehardworkoftheeditorialandproductionteams at Oxford University Press, especially Dominic Byatt, who helped us enor- mouslybysecuringsomeveryusefulacademicfeedbackontheinitialproposal and book manuscript draft. We hope that whathas eventually emerged is all thebetterforustakingitonboard.Wewouldalsoliketothankcolleaguesfor the comments on various manuscript drafts received on conferences, work- shops,andresearchseminarsduringthewritingprocess. Predictably,butimportantly,wewouldliketothankfriendsandcolleagues at Queen Mary University of London and at the University of Oslo, which deservesa special mentionforprovidingthe financial wherewithalneeded to make all this happen. In April 2014, we were able to invite all of the country experts to Oslo to discuss the results of the party–union surveys before completing the datasets and drafting the book chapters. Thanks are also due vi Acknowledgements to the European Consortium of Political Research, which funded a very helpful ECPR Research Session at the European University Institute in Flor- enceduringtheearlystages. Anevenmorespecialmentionshouldgototheexcellentresearchassistants in Oslo who helped us, oftentimes above and beyond the call of duty: Lars Petter Berg, Eirik Hildal, Maiken Røed, and Torill Stavenes. They have all provided invaluable assistance, at various stages of the process. Simon Otjes deserves special thanks for not only co-writing an excellent country chapter but also for being an invaluable co-author on the methodological and the cross-nationalchapters.Thescalinganalysisofexistingparty–unionlinkswas hisideaandturnedouttobeaveryfruitfulwayforward. Asusual,however,ourbiggestdebtisduetoourrespectivefamiliesfortheir love, support, andforbearance: we can only imaginehow difficult the pair of usaretolivewithsometimes! EHA,UniversityofOslo,andTB, QueenMaryUniversityofLondon, September2016 OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,24/1/2017,SPi Contents ListofFigures ix ListofTables xiii ListofContributors xvii 1. TheRelationshipbetweenLeft-of-CentrePartiesandTradeUnions 1 ElinHaugsgjerdAllernandTimBale 2. MappingParty–TradeUnionRelationshipsinContemporary Democracies 26 ElinHaugsgjerdAllern,TimBale,andSimonOtjes 3. TheAustralianLaborPartyandtheTradeUnions: ‘TilDeathDoUsPart’? 54 PhilLarkinandCharlesLees 4. ADyingEmbrace?InterlockedParty–UnionDirectorates inAustria’sCartelDemocracy 70 KurtRichardLuther 5. Finland:StrongParty–UnionLinksunderChallenge 93 TapioRaunioandNikoLaine 6. Left-wingPartiesandTradeUnionsinFrance 112 NickParsons 7. GrowingApart?TradeUnionsandCentre-leftParties inGermany 130 TimSpier 8. PartiesandLabourFederationsinIsrael 149 RonenMandelkernandGideonRahat 9. Left-of-CentrePartiesandTradeUnionsinItaly:FromParty DominancetoaDialogueoftheDeaf 170 LiborioMattinaandMimmoCarrieri 10. TheLegacyofPillarization:TradeUnionConfederations andPoliticalPartiesintheNetherlands 186 SimonOtjesandAnneRasmussen 11. TwoBranchesoftheSameTree?Party–UnionLinksinSweden intheTwenty-FirstCentury 206 JennyJansson viii Contents 12. StrongTiesbetweenIndependentOrganizations:Unionsand PoliticalPartiesinSwitzerland 226 RolandErneandSebastianSchief 13. NoPlaceElseToGo:TheLabourPartyandtheTradeUnions intheUK 246 PaulWebbandTimBale 14. StillSoHappyTogether?TheRelationshipbetweenLabour UnionsandtheDemocraticParty 264 ChristopherWitko 15. TheRelationshipbetweenLeft-of-CentrePartiesandTrade UnionsinContemporaryDemocracies 280 ElinHaugsgjerdAllern,TimBale,andSimonOtjes 16. VariationsinParty–UnionRelationships:Explanations andImplications 310 ElinHaugsgjerdAllern,TimBale,andSimonOtjes Bibliography 343 Index 369 List of Figures 3.1. Totallinkscoresofcentralpartyorganization–tradeunion relationships(0–20) 64 3.2. Ratingofoveralldegreeofcloseness/distance(averagescore) betweenthepartyandunionconfederation,lastfiveyears(c.2008–13) 65 4.1. Totallinkscoresofcentralpartyorganization–tradeunionrelationships andlegislativeparty–tradeunionrelationships(0–20/0–12) 85 4.2. Ratingofoveralldegreeofcloseness/distance(averagescore) betweenthepartyandunionconfederation,lastfiveyears(c.2008–13) 86 5.1. ShareofSDPandVASMPsin2013/14thatholdorhaveheld positionsasofficialsorstaffintheconfederationsofunionsatthe nationallevel 103 5.2. Totallinkscoresofcentralpartyorganization–tradeunionrelationships andlegislativeparty–tradeunionrelationships(0–20/0–12) 104 5.3. Ratingofoveralldegreeofcloseness/distance(averagescore)between thepartyandunionconfederation,lastfiveyears(c.2008–13) 105 6.1. Totallinkscoresofcentralpartyorganization–tradeunionrelationships andlegislativeparty–tradeunionrelationships(0–20/0–12) 124 6.2. Ratingofoveralldegreeofcloseness/distance(averagescore)between thepartyandunionconfederation,lastfiveyears(c.2008–13) 125 7.1. ShareofSPDandDieLinkeMPsin2014withunionmembership orcurrent/formerpositionsasofficialsorstaffintheunionsatthe nationalorlocallevel 141 7.2. Totallinkscoresofcentralpartyorganization–tradeunionrelationships andlegislativeparty–tradeunionrelationships(0–20/0–12) 143 7.3. Ratingofoveralldegreeofcloseness/distance(averagescore)between thepartyandunionconfederation,lastfiveyears(c.2008–13) 144 8.1. ShareofLabour,Likud,andMeretzMKsthatholdorhaveheldpositions asofficialsorstaffintheconfederationsofunionsatthenationallevel 162 8.2. Totallinkscoresofcentralpartyorganization–tradeunionrelationships andlegislativeparty–tradeunionrelationships(0–20/0–12) 163 8.3. Ratingofoveralldegreeofcloseness/distance(averagescore)between thepartyandunionconfederation,lastfiveyears(c.2008–13) 164 9.1. Totallinkscoresofcentralpartyorganization–tradeunionrelationships andlegislativeparty–tradeunionrelationships(0–20/0–12) 178 9.2. Ratingofoveralldegreeofcloseness/distance(averagescore)between thepartyandunionconfederation,lastfiveyears(c.2008–13) 178
The list of books you might like
