Learning network programming with Java harness the hidden power of Java to build network-enabled applications with lower network traffic and faster processes

292 Pages·2015·2.453 MB·English

by  Reese, Richard M

Learning Network Programming
with Java
Harness the hidden power of Java to build
network-enabled applications with lower network
traffic and faster processes
Richard M Reese
BIRMINGHAM - MUMBAI
Learning Network Programming with Java
Copyright © 2015 Packt Publishing
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First published: December 2015
Production reference: 1141215
Published by Packt Publishing Ltd.
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ISBN 978-1-78588-547-1
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Credits
Author Project Coordinator
Richard M Reese Shipra Chawhan
Reviewer Proofreader
Daniel MÜHLBACHLER Safis Editing
Commissioning Editor Indexer
Veena Pagare Monica Ajmera Mehta
Acquisition Editors Production Coordinator
Vivek Anantharaman Nilesh Mohite
Rahul Nair
Cover Work
Nilesh Mohite
Content Development Editor
Arshiya Ayaz Umer
Technical Editor
Humera Shaikh
Copy Editor
Priyanka Ravi
About the Author
Richard M Reese has worked in both industry and academia. For 17 years, he
worked in the telephone and aerospace industries, serving in several capacities,
including research and development, software development, supervision, and
training. He currently teaches at Tarleton State University, where he has the
opportunity to apply his years of industry experience to enhance his teaching.
Richard has written several Java books and a C Pointer book. He uses a concise and
easy-to-follow approach to topics at hand. His Java books have addressed EJB 3.1,
updates to Java 7 and 8, certification, functional programming, jMonkeyEngine, and
natural language processing.
I would like to thank my daughter, Jennifer, for her numerous
reviews and contributions; my wife, Karla, for her continued support;
and to the staff of Packt for their work in making this a better book.
About the Reviewer
Daniel MÜHLBACHLER got interested in computer science shortly after
entering high school, where he later developed web applications as part of a
scholarship system for outstanding pupils.
He has a profound knowledge of web development (PHP, HTML, CSS/LESS, and
AngularJS), and has worked with a variety of other programming languages and
systems, such as Java/Groovy, Grails, Objective-C and Swift, Matlab, C (with Cilk),
Node.js, and Linux servers.
Furthermore, he works with some database management systems based on SQL, and
also some NoSQL systems, such as MongoDB, and SOLR. This is also reflected in
several projects that he is currently involved in at Catalysts GmbH.
After studying abroad as an exchange student in the United Kingdom, he completed
his bachelor's degree at Johannes Kepler University in Linz, Austria, with a thesis
on aerosol satellite data processing for mobile visualization. This is where he also
became familiar with processing large amounts of data.
Daniel enjoys solving challenging problems and is always keen on working with new
technologies, especially related to the fields of big data, functional programming,
optimization, and NoSQL databases.
More detailed information about his experience, as well as his contact details, can be
found at www.muehlbachler.org and www.linkedin.com/in/danielmuehlbachler.
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Table of Contents
Preface vii
Chapter 1: Getting Started with Network Programming 1
Network addressing using the InetAddress class 3
NIO support 5
Using the URLConnection class 5
Using the URLConnection class with buffers and channels 6
The client/server architecture 7
Creating a simple echo server 8
Creating a simple echo client 10
Using Java 8 to support the echo server and client 12
UDP and multicasting 14
Creating a multicast server 14
Creating the multicast client 15
Scalability 17
Creating a threaded server 17
Using the threaded server 19
Security 21
Creating a SSL server 21
Creating an SSL client 22
Generating secure keys 23
Summary 25
Chapter 2: Network Addressing 27
Networking basics 27
Understanding network basics 29
Network architectures and protocols 30
Using the NetworkInterface class 32
Getting a MAC address 35
Getting a specific MAC address 35
[ i ]
Table of Contents
Getting multiple MAC addresses 36
Network addressing concepts 37
URL/URI/URN 37
Using the URI class 39
Creating URI instances 39
Splitting apart a URI 40
Using the URL class 41
Creating URL instances 42
Splitting apart a URL 42
IP addresses and the InetAddress class 45
Obtaining information about an address 45
Address scoping issues 47
Testing reachability 48
Introducing the Inet4Address 49
Private addresses in IPv4 50
IPv4 address types 50
The Inet4Address class 51
Special IPv4 addresses 51
Introducing the Inet6Address class 52
Private addresses in IPv6 52
The Inet6Address class 53
Special IPv6 addresses 53
Testing for the IP address type 53
Using IPv4-compatible IPv6 addresses 54
Controlling network properties 56
Summary 56
Chapter 3: NIO Support for Networking 57
Java NIO 57
Introduction to buffers 59
Using channels with a time server 60
Creating a time server 61
Creating a time client 62
The chat server/client applications 63
The chat server 64
The chat client 66
Server/client interaction 67
The HelperMethods class 68
Handling variable length messages 69
Running the chat server/client application 71
Handling multiple clients 72
The parts server 72
The parts client handler 74
The parts client 75
[ ii ]
Table of Contents
Running the parts client/server 76
Asynchronous socket channels 78
Creating the asynchronous server socket channel server 79
Creating the asynchronous socket channel client 81
Other buffer operations 83
Bulk data transfer 83
Using a view 85
Using read-only buffers 86
Controlling socket options 86
Summary 87
Chapter 4: Client/Server Development 89
The HTTP protocol structure 89
The nature of HTTP messages 91
Initial request line format 92
Header lines 94
Message body 94
Client/Server interaction example 95
Java socket support for HTTP client/server applications 95
Building a simple HTTP server 96
Building a simple HTTP client 100
Client/server development using standard Java classes 102
Using the HttpURLConnection class 102
URL encoding 105
Using the HTTPServer class 106
Implementing a simple HTTPServer class 108
Managing response headers 112
Open source Java HTTP servers 113
Server configuration 115
Handling cookies 116
Summary 117
Chapter 5: Peer-to-Peer Networks 119
P2P functions/characteristics 120
Applications-based P2P networks 122
Java support for P2P applications 123
Distributed hash tables 123
DHT components 124
DHT implementations 126
Using JDHT 126
Using FreePastry 128
The FreePastry demonstration 129
Understanding the FreePastryExample class 129
[ iii ]