i PRAISE FOR LEARNING ECOSYSTEMS ‘Katja Schipperheijn provides a helpful and important deep analysis of an area that is rapidly changing our lives. She explains the history and direction of human and behavioural automation clearly and then gives us a framework that we can apply to learn and adapt – a LearnScape. Creating a LearnScape should be on every executive’s agenda.’ Julia Cook, CEO of Change Management Group, Deputy Chair of GMC and Chair of Consortium for Street Children US ‘As we build an innovation ecosystem to find and nurture new ideas, it is vital to feed it with the most appropriate skills and capabilities to drive growth. Adapting to different learning methods and styles is key to helping the ecosystem thrive. Learning from the intelligent symbioses of humans and technology provides nimble growth opportunities. The method for continuous improvement presented in this book is a useful guide for business leaders who want to innovate together with their team.’ Lisa Perkins, Director of Research and Innovation, BT ‘Katja Schipperheijn has one of those unique L&D mindsets that can move your thinking forward. Learning Ecosystems is an important book for any serious learning professional or executive who wants to grow with their team through the opportuni- ties that digital innovations have to offer in a world of ever-accelerating change.’ Damien Woods, Chapter Lead, Learning and Growth, 7-Eleven Australia ‘Katja Schipperheijn makes a strong case for enabling organization and human devel- opment through technology. She takes a fresh look at the latest research in education and the latest technology trends that will develop and amplify humans’ abilities. Any leader who wants to unleash the collective experience and knowledge of the organiza- tion with engaged employees and wants to meet the challenge of retraining, or nurture a culture of continuous learning, should read Learning Ecosystems.’ Regis Chasse, founder and Chief Learning Officer, CLO Advisors LLC, and Dean of the Leadership Institute ii ‘Access to learning opportunities will be one of the key differentiators in adapting to the rapidly changing world. Opportunities for continuous development can be a scarce resource and are not available to everyone to the same extent. Thanks to the evolution of technology, we can build learning ecosystems to provide access to knowl- edge for learners around the world. Everyone will have a fair chance to develop and grow and not feel limited by a lack of local offerings.’ Sami M Leppänen, Learner Experience Innovation Manager, KONE Corporation ‘The turmoil we are going through since the beginning of this century requires compa- nies to grow resilience and people to acquire new skills. In this wonderful book, Katja Schipperheijn shows that competences such as curiosity, openness, optimism, empa- thy, entrepreneurship, consilience and imagination will make the all the difference needed to thrive, grow and learn. In a world that is becoming increasingly virtual and ever changing, learning architects will find the necessary tools and inspiration to prepare for the future of work.’ Stefan van Hooydonk, founder of Global Curiosity Institute and author of The Workplace Curiosity Manifesto ‘How does one build a learning organization that constantly collects data, processes it and turns it into actionable information? The answer is simple: understand the science and art of learning and build an organization using those building blocks and dynamics. Connect the dots and create an ecosystem organization. Or in other words: create a LearnScape.’ ‘Katja Schipperheijn has always been passionate about “learning” and now she has used her scientific understanding of how “learning” works to describe how to create a LearnScape. This fascinating book is a must-read for everybody that not only wants to be ready for the future, but wants to play an active role in shaping it. Learning Ecosystems is an instant classic; the book as well as the concept.’ Rik Vera, international keynote speaker, thought leader, business philosopher, author, coach and consultant ‘Effective teams need specialized training adapted to their needs, abilities and expecta- tions. This means that a one-size-fits-all approach is no longer working. Leading companies are less interested in hiring people with a lot of knowledge; they recruit people that are highly curious and able to learn fast. They create a learning ecosystem that delivers insights into the strategies, processes and tools that make the difference. For sales organizations too, learning takes place through collaboration, innovation and experimentation supported by AI-enabled technology.’ Gerhard Gschwandtner, founder and Publisher, Selling Power magazine iii Learning Ecosystems Creating innovative, lean and tech-driven learning strategies Katja Schipperheijn iv Publisher’s note Every possible effort has been made to ensure that the information contained in this book is accurate at the time of going to press, and the publishers and authors cannot accept responsibility for any errors or omissions, however caused. No responsibility for loss or damage occasioned to any person acting, or refraining from action, as a result of the material in this publication can be accepted by the editor, the publisher or the author. First published in Great Britain and the United States in 2022 by Kogan Page Limited Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms and licences issued by the CLA. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside these terms should be sent to the publishers at the undermentioned addresses: 2nd Floor, 45 Gee Street 8 W 38th Street, Suite 902 4737/23 Ansari Road London New York, NY 10018 Daryaganj EC1V 3RS USA New Delhi 110002 United Kingdom India www.koganpage.com Kogan Page books are printed on paper from sustainable forests. © Katja Schipperheijn, 2022 The right of Katja Schipperheijn to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted by her in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. ISBNs Hardback 978 1 3986 0742 2 Paperback 978 1 3986 0740 8 Ebook 978 1 3986 0741 5 British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data 2022024480 Typeset by Integra Software Services, Pondicherry Print production managed by Jellyfish Printed and bound by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon CR0 4YY v CONTENTS Foreword xi Preface xiii Acknowledgements xv Introduction 1 PART ONE A world in ever-increasing change 7 01 The world of human and machine 9 The time to transform your organization has come 10 Case study: The homo digitalis is a homo sapiens in collaborative digital mode who uses technology to be more human 12 Does homo digitalis become homo phygitalis in the metaverse? 12 The robot beats a human on intelligence 16 Fear of the future? Moore’s law 23 The symbiosis between man and machine, hype or hope? 25 References 26 02 The value driven organization 29 The future of work 30 Case study: The golden triangle, added value from knowledge sharing 38 Employer branding 41 Employee engagement as a driver of learning 42 Corporate social responsibility 46 vi CONTENTS Case study: The need for self-actualization and ‘Abhaar’ to serve the immediate and long-term interest and aspirations of the migrant workers 47 References 49 03 The data driven organization 51 The importance of humanizing data 52 Data analytics for people-driven organizations 53 Case study: Reinventing KPIs for the future of work 55 The future of learning analytics 58 Case study: A missed opportunity with NPS 59 The ethical use of data and stakeholder involvement 60 Case study: The ethical debate that is not conducted on the same basis for all employees 60 References 63 PART TWO Learning to stay relevant for the future 65 04 Lifelong learning in a world of change 67 A strategic need for organizations to engage in re-skilling now 67 Lifelong learning: a tantalizing torment or a gift to support craftsmanship? 68 Case study: Craftmanship and the ING talent fluidity platform 69 Learning in the flow of life 70 Digital skills 73 Case study: Coding or dancing: what does it matter? 77 References 79 05 Competences that make us unique as human beings 81 Case study: Seeing the similarities in the differences 88 Growth mindset as a catalyst for change and growth 90 References 92 CONTENTS vii PART THREE Learning strategies and technology 93 06 Can learning strategies stand the test of time? 95 Case study: Glocalization of learning strategies to meet the needs of internationally diverse employees in a nimble and measurable way 96 Learning frameworks and their added value 98 Case study: L&D professionals can also continue to learn 105 Case study: Erasmus MC in Rotterdam 110 Old ways of working in a new guise 112 Case study: A lesson in hybrid education 114 Juggling data and performance measurements 117 References 127 07 Learning technologies 129 Microlearning platforms 130 Case study: Stuck on the tarmac: the search for the right approach 133 Gamification or game-based learning 136 Conversational AI is more than just chatbots 138 The rise of VR and AR in adult learning 139 Case study: Connect, collaborate and grow… for real using VR and AI 142 AR, digital twins and spatial computing to bridge learning and society needs 144 Case study: Improved surgical outcomes, learning and ethical and safe compassionate care 146 Blockchain and learning platforms 148 Is the future of learning in the eduverse? 152 References 154 viii CONTENTS PART FOUR Lean learning ecosystems and LearnScapes 157 08 The learning maturity model: from data repositories to LearnScapes 159 Data repository organizations 162 Broadcaster of news 163 Interactive communicator 164 Social collaborator 165 The LearnScape 166 References 168 09 Lean learning 169 Overproduction 171 Overprocessing 172 Time 172 Inventories 173 Skills 174 Transport 175 Defects 176 Movement 176 References 177 10 The six drivers of LearnScapes to make learning central 178 Social networks put the learner at the centre 179 Teamwork and peer coaching 180 Nielsen’s 1-9-90 rule and how everyone participates differently 180 Bridging the knowledge gap 182 Social learning and lean learning go hand in hand 182 System security is key to the LearnScape’s success 183 Case study: How an IT consulting firm had to move from a social collaborator to a lean learning ecosystem to support its continued growth 185 Reference 186 CONTENTS ix PART FIVE Building LearnScapes 187 Habit of improvement: five steps to nimble LearnScapes 188 11 Step 1: Discovery: analysing the current learning needs for future success 191 Wh-questions 192 Case study: When a problem is not the problem, but an opportunity arises 196 More Wh-questions: what, who, when 198 Algorithmic business thinking 201 Looking to the future 203 Case study: San Francisco opera labs 207 Doing nothing is the biggest experiment 212 What not to do in the discovery workshop 213 References 213 12 Step 2: Burning platform: a supported choice for change 215 The OODAP-model to make the opportunity for improvement visible 216 Calculating the cost of opportunity or missed opportunity 224 References 226 13 Step 3: Path to improvement: where technology, content and the learning culture come together 227 Technology and tools 231 Case study: Integration and cooperation as a starting point for innovation 233 Content 235 Case study: The basic rules for good content creation 238 The learning culture 241 Case study: You cannot build a social learning culture with technology alone 242 References 244