Leafy medicinal herbs: botany, chemistry, post harvest technology and uses PDF
Preview Leafy medicinal herbs: botany, chemistry, post harvest technology and uses
Leafy Medicinal Herbs Botany, Chemistry, Postharvest Technology and Uses Leafy Medicinal Herbs Botany, Chemistry, Postharvest Technology and Uses Edited by Dawn C.P. Ambrose ICAR Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Regional Centre, Coimbatore, India Annamalai Manickavasagan College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman Ravindra Naik ICAR Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Regional Centre, Coimbatore, India CABI is a trading name of CAB International CABI CABI Nosworthy Way 745 Atlantic Avenue Wallingford 8th Floor Oxfordshire OX10 8DE Boston, MA 02111 UK USA Tel: +44 (0)1491 832111 Tel: +1 (617)682-9015 Fax: +44 (0)1491 833508 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.cabi.org © CAB International 2016. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronically, mechanically, by photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owners. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library, L ondon, UK. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Ambrose, Dawn C. P., editor. Title: Leafy medicinal herbs : botany, chemistry, postharvest technology and uses / editors: Dawn C.P. Ambrose, A. Manickavasagan, Ravindra Naik. Description: Boston, MA : CABI, [2016] | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2016002562 (print) | LCCN 2016004050 (ebook) | ISBN 9781780645599 (hbk : alk. paper) | ISBN 9781780645605 (ePDF) | ISBN 9781780647555 (ePub) Subjects: LCSH: Herbs--Therapeutic use. | Medicinal plants. Classification: LCC RM666.H33 L43 2016 (print) | LCC RM666.H33 (ebook) | DDC 615.8/8--dc23 LC record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2016002562 ISBN-13: 978 1 78064 559 9 Commissioning editor: Nicki Dennis/Rachael Russell Editorial assistant: Emma McCann Production editor: Lauren Povey Typeset by SPi, Pondicherry, India. Printed and bound in the UK by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon, CR0 4YY. Contents About the Editors vii Contributors ix Preface xii Introduction xiii 1 Aloe Vera 1 Ravindra Naik, J.S. Rutra Priya and R. Arul Mari 2 Ashwagandha 19 Paramadhas Sudha and Alagirisamy Reni 3 Basil 27 Darach Lupton, Muhammad Mumtaz Khan, Rashid Abdullah Al-Yahyai and Muhammad Asif Hanif 4 Bay 42 Hülya Çakmak, Seher Kumcuog˘lu and S¸ebnem Tavman 5 Betel Vine 63 S. Jacob K. Annamalai, S. Reetha Subashini, J.S. Rutra Priya and Ravindra Naik 6 Celery 74 Svein Øivind Solberg 7 Centella 85 Terrence Madhujith and Subajiny Sivakanthan 8 Chester 107 A.F. Alonge 9 Coriander 116 Maripillai Munusamy Pragalyaashree and Venkatachalam Thirupathi 10 Curry Leaf Plant 125 Dawn C.P. Ambrose v vi Contents 11 Fenugreek 133 Gopal Amuthaselvi and Dawn C.P. Ambrose 12 Lemongrass 139 Salome Amarachi Chime and Ikechukwu V. Onyishi 13 Mint 149 Maria do Carmo Ferreira and Aline de Holanda Rosanova 14 Moringa 163 Anthonia O. Oluduro, Dawn C.P. Ambrose, Aregbesola Oladipupo Abiodun and Alice L. Daunty 15 Oregano 170 K. Hüsnü Can Ba¸ser and Nes¸et Arslan 16 Parsley 189 Ghazi Daradkeh and Musthafa Mohamed Essa 17 Patchouli 198 H.G. Ramya 18 Rosemary 209 Milda E. Embuscado 19 Sage 224 Ahmad Ghorbani 20 Senna 237 Kuntal Das 21 Spinach 246 Periyasamy Suganya and A. Sangamithra 22 Stevia 260 Ramanathan Parimalavalli and S. Radhai Sri 23 Thyme 268 Rashid Abdullah Al-Yahyai and Darach Lupton Index 277 About the Editors Dawn C.P. Ambrose PhD is Principal Scientist at the Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering (Indian Council of Agricultural Re- search, ICAR), Regional Centre, Coimbatore, India. She has spe- cialized in agricultural process engineering and obtained her PhD in that field at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, India. Before joining ICAR in 1997, she had experience as an academician and also as a researcher in various other organizations. She has published four books, 13 book chapters, 30 research papers and 47 papers pre- sented at conferences. She is a life member of many professional societies. Annamalai Manickavasagan PhD, PEng (Canada) obtained a PhD (Biosystems Engineering) from the University of Manitoba, Canada. He is a licensed professional engineer (PEng) in the province of New Brunswick, Canada. After obtaining his PhD, he worked with McCain Foods Limited (Canada) as a Scientist. At present, he is working as an Assistant Professor at the College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman. He has published three books, eight book chapters and more than 60 sci- entific papers in peer-reviewed journals and presented at international conferences. He has diverse research and management experience with academic institutions and industries in Canada, Malaysia, India and Oman. vii viii About the Editors Ravindra Naik PhD works as a Principal Scientist at the Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, (Indian Council of Agricul- tural Research, ICAR), Regional Centre, Coimbatore, India, and specializes in agricultural structure and process engineering. He obtained his PhD in 1998 from Tamil Nadu Agricultural Univer- sity, Coimbatore, India and joined the ICAR Directorate of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India, in 1998. His major areas of profes- sional interest are in the postharvest technology of paddy, modi- fied atmosphere storage of fruits and vegetables, nutraceuticals, postharvest machinery for sugarcane and banana, and value add- ition of horticultural crops, particularly fruits and vegetables. He has been involved in the patenting of six technologies, which are now at various stages of the patenting process. He has operated many externally funded projects and underwent training in the field of nutraceuticals at Virginia Tech, USA. He has also won many awards at national level. He is a member of many national and international scientific associations. He has published many books, book chapters, e xtension bulletins, and articles in reputed national and international journals. Contributors Aregbesola Oladipupo Abiodun, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, 22005, Nigeria. Rashid Abdullah Al-Yahyai, Department of Crop Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 34, Al Khod 123, Muscat, Oman. E-mail: [email protected] Akindele Folarin Alonge, Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, University of Uyo, PMB 1017, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, 52003, Nigeria. E-mail: [email protected] Dawn C.P. Ambrose, ICAR – Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Regional Centre, Coimbatore 641 007, Tamil Nadu, India. E-mail: [email protected] Gopal Amuthaselvi, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Sirugamani, Tiruchirappalli 639 115, Tamil Nadu, India. E-mail: [email protected] S. Jacob K. Annamalai, ICAR – Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Regional Centre, Coimbatore 641 007, Tamil Nadu, India. Nes¸et Arslan, Ankara University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops, 06110 Ankara, Turkey. R. Arul Mari, Department of Food and Agricultural Process Engineering, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, Tamil Nadu, India. K. Hüsnü Can Bas¸er, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir 26470, Turkey, Near East University, Nicosia, N. Cyprus. E-mail: [email protected] Hülya Çakmak, Department of Food Engineering, Ege University, Bornova 35100, Izmir, Turkey. E-mail: [email protected] Salome Amarachi Chime, Department of Pharmaceutical and Industrial Pharmacy, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria. E-mail: [email protected]; salome.chime@ unn.edu.ng Ghazi Daradkeh, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences (CAMS), Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman; Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar. Kuntal Das, Department of Pharmacognosy and Regulatory Affairs, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy # 12/1, ChikkaBellandur, Carmelaram Post., VarthurHobli, Bangalore 560035, India. E-mail: [email protected] Alice L. Daunty, Mcrennet Foods, Anna Nagar East, Chennai 102, Tamil Nadu, India. E-mail addresses are included only for corresponding authors. ix
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