Leadership for Nursing and Allied Health Care Professions L e a It is time to take stock, to promote and d “ e This is a book that all students r support our articulate and strategic s studying leadership in health care h thinkers, and to let them shine! ip have been waiting for. It provides f This inspiring book is a wake-up call to nurses and allied health an excellent broad perspective on o r professionals to develop their leadership skills and to make a aspects of leadership common to N real difference to global health and social development. Veronica all disciplines. It aims to empower u r Bishop demystifies the key elements of leadership, highlights all health care providers to fully s i the difference between leadership and management and n realise their potential as a leader g identifies the essential components for successful leadership and demonstrates how this can be a amongst health care professionals. Thebook incorporates: n achieved in reality. It is d (cid:129)A new research based theory of leadership that embraces inspirational, exciting to read and A clinical excellence should result in a more ll (cid:129)Educational and practice based concepts to support key skills empowered and enlightened ie d (cid:129)Case examples of real experiences workforce.” H (cid:129)Exercises for developing your own leadership skills e Phil Halligan, a Contributions from experts from a wide range of countries and University College Dublin, Ireland lt with diverse knowledge bases make the topic readily accessible. h C Leadership for Nursing and Allied Health Care Professionsis key reading for all nurses and a Leadership for alliedhealth care professionals aspiring to be leaders. r e Veronica Bishopis Visiting Professor of Nursing at City University, London, UK and is P r Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Research in Nursing. o f Nursing and Allied e Contributors s s i Sue Antrobus, Mary Lovegrove, Annie Macleod, Abigail Masterson, Dawn Freshwater, o n IainGraham, Philip Esterhuizen, David Stanley, Mike Saks, Veronica Bishop, Tyrone Goh s Health Care Professions With a foreword by TonyButterworth. V e d “This book is timely. The increasing emphasis on the need for good leadership is signalled by the ER ite O d establishment across the world of new leadership development initiatives. Effective leadership is b N y crucial for improving the quality of care for patients and others and for developing staff. This I C highly readable and informative book, written by experts in the field, will be of interest to all A nursing and allied health professionals, particularly those aspiring and emerging leaders.” B I S Professor David R Thompson, University of Leicester, UK H O P edited by Image credit: Redmond Durrell / Alamy VERONICA BISHOP Cover design Hybert Design (cid:129)www.hybertdesign.com www.openup.co.uk JOBNAME:5820−McGraw−MayPowel PAGE:1 SESS:22 OUTPUT:TueMar1008:42:072009 SUM:0CFB6A45 /production/mcgraw−hill/booksxml/bishop/a1−prelims1 Leadership for Nursing and Allied Health Care Professions KerrypressLtd–TypesetinXML A Division:a1-prelims1 F Sequential1 www.kerrypress.co.uk-01582451331-www.xpp-web-services.co.uk McGrawHill-152mmx229mm-Fonts:StoneSans&StoneSerif JOBNAME:5820−McGraw−MayPowel PAGE:2 SESS:22 OUTPUT:TueMar1008:42:072009 SUM:040C4734 /production/mcgraw−hill/booksxml/bishop/a1−prelims1 KerrypressLtd–TypesetinXML A Division:a1-prelims1 F Sequential2 www.kerrypress.co.uk-01582451331-www.xpp-web-services.co.uk McGrawHill-152mmx229mm-Fonts:StoneSans&StoneSerif JOBNAME:5820−McGraw−MayPowel PAGE:3 SESS:22 OUTPUT:TueMar1008:42:072009 SUM:0BC400C3 /production/mcgraw−hill/booksxml/bishop/a1−prelims1 Leadership for Nursing and Allied Health Care Professions Editor: Veronica Bishop KerrypressLtd–TypesetinXML A Division:a1-prelims1 F Sequential3 www.kerrypress.co.uk-01582451331-www.xpp-web-services.co.uk McGrawHill-152mmx229mm-Fonts:StoneSans&StoneSerif JOBNAME:5820−McGraw−MayPowel PAGE:4 SESS:22 OUTPUT:TueMar1008:42:072009 SUM:2BC7014C /production/mcgraw−hill/booksxml/bishop/a1−prelims1 Open University Press McGraw-Hill Education McGraw-Hill House Shoppenhangers Road Maidenhead Berkshire England SL6 2QL email: [email protected] world wide web: www.openup.co.uk and Two Penn Plaza, New York, NY 10121—2289, USA First published 2009 Copyright © Veronica Bishop 2009 All rights reserved. Except for the quotation of short passages for the purpose of criticism and review, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher or a licence from the Copyright Licensing Agency Limited. Details of such licences (for reprographic reproduction) may be obtained from the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd of Saffron House, 6–10 Kirby Street, London, EC1N 8TS. A catalogue record of this book is available from the British Library ISBN-13:9780335225330 (pb) 978033522532-3 (hb) ISBN-10:033522533-0 (pb) 033522532-2 (hb) Typeset by Kerrypress, Luton, Bedfordshire Printed and bound in the UK by Bell and Bain Ltd. Fictitious names of companies, products, people, characters and/or data that may be used herein (in case studies or in examples) are not intended to represent any real individual, company, product or event. KerrypressLtd–TypesetinXML A Division:a1-prelims1 F Sequential4 www.kerrypress.co.uk-01582451331-www.xpp-web-services.co.uk McGrawHill-152mmx229mm-Fonts:StoneSans&StoneSerif JOBNAME:5820−McGraw−MayPowel PAGE:1 SESS:19 OUTPUT:TueMar1008:28:332009 SUM:3549AF77 /production/mcgraw−hill/booksxml/bishop/a2−prelims2 Contents Notes on contributors vii Foreword xii Preface Veronica Bishop xv Introduction 1 Veronica Bishop 1 What is leadership? 8 Veronica Bishop 2 Leadership and management: a new mutiny? 32 David Stanley 3 Leadership challenges: professional power and dominance in health care 52 Mike Saks 4 Leadership for the allied health professions 75 Mary Lovegrove and Tyrone Goh 5 Developing political leaders in nursing 98 Sue Antrobus, Annie Macleod and Abigail Masterson 6 Educating leaders for global health care Dawn Freshwater, Iain Graham and Philip Esterhuizen 121 KerrypressLtd–TypesetinXML A Division:a2-prelims2 F Sequential1 www.kerrypress.co.uk-01582451331-www.xpp-web-services.co.uk McGrawHill-152mmx229mm-Fonts:StoneSans&StoneSerif JOBNAME:5820−McGraw−MayPowel PAGE:2 SESS:19 OUTPUT:TueMar1008:28:332009 SUM:0FF2539C /production/mcgraw−hill/booksxml/bishop/a2−prelims2 vi Contents 7 Clinical leadership and the theory of congruent leadership 143 David Stanley 8 Leadership for health globally: grasping the nettle 164 Veronica Bishop Index 187 KerrypressLtd–TypesetinXML A Division:a2-prelims2 F Sequential2 www.kerrypress.co.uk-01582451331-www.xpp-web-services.co.uk McGrawHill-152mmx229mm-Fonts:StoneSans&StoneSerif JOBNAME:5820−McGraw−MayPowel PAGE:1 SESS:16 OUTPUT:TueMar1008:28:432009 SUM:3EF11A9D /production/mcgraw−hill/booksxml/bishop/a3−contributors Notes on contributors Sue Antrobus, MPhil, BSc, PGDipEd, RGN, has over 20 years’ experience working with, or connected to, the National Health Service (NHS), the independent sector, academia and a major professional union. In her NHS work she has held roles in the Department of Health and with health authorities and has worked directly with patients in clinical practice. Sue currently holds a non-executive appointment at a primary care trust in the north west of England, where she has the non-executive lead for commis- sioning,patientsafetyandclinicalquality.Herparticularinterestthroughout her career has been to enable health and social care staff to contribute effectively at a strategic and policy level through leadership development. She has a particular interes t in commissioning and has worked at a national policy level to develop the nursing contribution to the commissioning agenda. As a successful change agent, Sue has a renowned track record of working with a range of partners to agree priorities and translate those into programmesthatbringaboutserviceimprovementandchangeacrosstheUK and internationally. Veronica Bishop, PhD, MPhil, RGN, FRSA, is Visiting Professor of Nursing atCityUniversity,London,editor-in-chiefoftheJournalofResearchinNursing (Sage)andaFellowoftheRoyalSocietyofArts.SheisanadvisertotheHong Kong Nursing Journal, a member of the scientific committee for the Royal College of Nursing (RCN) Research Society, and until recently an executive member of the Florence Nightingale Foundation and a member of its academicpanel.Veronicacamelateintonursingafteravariedcareer.Having gained her RGN and specialized in cardio-thoracic and intensive care nurs- ing,shejoinedtheAnaestheticResearchDepartmentattheRoyalCollegeof Surgeons (England) and obtained an MPhil (CNAA), followed by a PhD KerrypressLtd–TypesetinXML A Division:a3-contributors F Sequential1 www.kerrypress.co.uk-01582451331-www.xpp-web-services.co.uk McGrawHill-152mmx229mm-Fonts:StoneSans&StoneSerif JOBNAME:5820−McGraw−MayPowel PAGE:2 SESS:16 OUTPUT:TueMar1008:28:432009 SUM:526256A5 /production/mcgraw−hill/booksxml/bishop/a3−contributors viii Notesoncontributors throughtheFacultyofMedicine,LondonUniversity.Bothdegreessoughtto bridge the gap between clinical research and nursing. She then joined the CivilServiceasanursingofficerwhereshehadresponsibilityforalargebody ofnursingandmidwiferyresearchandworkforcestudiesfortheentireNHS. She also had the national lead across the UK for clinical supervision, and commissioned the first national multi-site study in nursing. Veronica has worked as a consultant for the WHO in Denmark, India and Romania, is widely published and has presented keynote speeches at numerous nursing conferences. Philip Esterhuizen, PhD, MScN, BA, is a nursing lecturer in research and elective English-language modules on intercultural sensitivity in the Nether- lands.HeisinvolvedinMaster’sandBachelorcurriculumdevelopment,and supervises students at Doctoral and Master’s levels. Between 2002 and 2008 heworkedinacademicsettingsinEnglandandranactionresearchinvarious settings, was involved in developing or sustaining clinical supervision and was curriculum development consultant and an external panel member validating undergraduate, postgraduate and Master’s programmes, at two universities in Ireland. Philip reviews manuscripts for numerous interna- tional journals. His PhD research explored the socialization and professional development of undergraduate nursing students in the Netherlands. Dawn Freshwater, PhD, BA, RNT, RN, FRCN, is Professor and Dean of the SchoolofHealthcareattheUniversityofLeeds,aFellowoftheRoyalCollege ofNursingandeditoroftheJournalofPsychiatricMentalHealthNursing.Sheis anactivememberofSigmaThetaTaureceivingtheDistinguishedResearcher Award in 2000, and is an executive member of the Florence Nightingale Foundation,whereshesitsontheresearchscholarshippanel.Sincetheearly 1990s she has maintained an interest in the application and evaluation of transformational research, critical reflexivity, pragmatism, reflective practice and clinical supervision, and in particular its relation to evidence-based practiceandthetherapeuticalliance.SheisexternalreviewerfortheForensic Mental Health Fellowships and sits on a number of international grant review panels. Dawn is a prolific writer and passionate about developing leadership capacity through high quality research and education. In this contextshehasaparticularinterestintransformationalleadership,reflective practice and strategic planning. She has undertaken significant strategic changeinhercurrentroleandwasnominatedasawomanofachievementin 2008. Tyrone Goh, DSc, MBA, FCR, FIR (Aust.), HDCR, TDCR, is a radiographer who moved into mainstream health care management. He is the current executive director of three business units in Singapore, at the National HealthcareGroup(NHG),whichoperatesthelargestprimarycarediagnostic service in the country and performs health care consultancy to regional KerrypressLtd–TypesetinXML A Division:a3-contributors F Sequential2 www.kerrypress.co.uk-01582451331-www.xpp-web-services.co.uk McGrawHill-152mmx229mm-Fonts:StoneSans&StoneSerif JOBNAME:5820−McGraw−MayPowel PAGE:3 SESS:16 OUTPUT:TueMar1008:28:432009 SUM:4F41D837 /production/mcgraw−hill/booksxml/bishop/a3−contributors Notesoncontributors ix countries. Tyrone was made an honorary Doctor of Science at South Bank University,London,whereheisaVisitingFellow.Tyroneisrecognizedatthe highest level by many governments as well as his own, and a champion of theradiographyprofessionandtheserviceworldwide.Heispastpresidentof theInternationalSocietyofRadiographersandsitsonseverallocalboardsin academiaandhospitals.SomeofTyrone’sachievementsincludesettingupa radiotherapy centre at Singapore’s National University Hospital and initiat- ing the first island-wide tele-radiology service in Singapore. He has been given several local and international awards, and awarded the commenda- tion medal by the President of Singapore, and the National Health care Group distinguished staff achievement award, the highest accolade given to non-clinical staff. IainGraham,PhD,MSc,MEd,BSc,RGN,RMN,isProfessorofNursingand Head of School, Health and Human Sciences Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Southern Cross University, NSW, Australia. He is a registered nurse in both the UK and New South Wales, and qualified as a mental health nurse in the UK. Iain has a background in advanced clinical practice, health service management and education and has held various academic and service positions in the UK. He is an Adjunct Professor in Nursing to Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, University of Northumbria, UK, and Uni- versity of Technology, Sydney, and holds fellowships with the European Academy of Nurse Scientists and the Royal Society of Health. During 2005–2007, Iain was President of the Consortium of Higher Education, HealthandRehabilitationEducators,aEuropean-basedorganizationpromot- ing inter-professional education with health care. He teaches in the areas of leadership, nursing theory and health policy, and supervises students at doctoral and master’s levels. Mary Lovegrove, MSc, TDCR, HDCR, DMU, DCR(R), MSSR, is a diagnostic radiographer by profession, Professor of Education and Development for AlliedHealthProfessions,andveryinvolvedintheworldofAHP.SheisHead of Department of Allied Health Sciences at London South Bank University (LSBU)andaDirectorofCentreforResearchinAHPatLSBU.Marybalances her time between local, national and international activities. She is an advisertotheUKDepartmentofHealthonAlliedHealthDevelopmentissues and to the Health Authority of Hong Kong; she is a member of London Higher and of the NHS London Education and Workforce review advisory committee. She previously served as the vice-president for the International Society of Radiographers and Radiological Technologists (Europe and Africa) andisanhonorarymemberoftheSingaporeSocietyofRadiographers.Mary is an Allied Health Executive Member for the UK Council of Deans for Nursing and Health Professions and is a member of the NHS London AHP Network Steering Committee. KerrypressLtd–TypesetinXML A Division:a3-contributors F Sequential3 www.kerrypress.co.uk-01582451331-www.xpp-web-services.co.uk McGrawHill-152mmx229mm-Fonts:StoneSans&StoneSerif