Table Of Content

T | heoTlogAy Mat IClaLrem ont III || A o = Se oe)W w w on Ss oY HARPER TORCHBOOKS ¢ 181975 Vv se The Library SCHOOL OF THEOLOGY AT CLAREMONT WEST FOOTHILL AT COLLEGE AVENUE CLAREMONT, CALIFORNIA 91711 LEADERSHIP A Cee es BOOK ALSO BY JAMES MACGREGOR BURNS Edward Kennedy and the Camelot Legacy (1976) Uncommon Sense (1972) Roosevelt: The Soldier of Freedom (1970) Presidential Government: The Crucible of Leadership (1965) The Deadlock of Democracy: Four-Party Politics in America (1963) John Kennedy: A Political Profile (1960) Roosevelt: The Lion and the Fox (1956) Government by the People (with Jack W. Peltason) (1950) Congress on Trial (1949) HM L4H/ BY47 L977 LEADERSHIP James MacGregor Burns ¢ v HARPER TORCHBOOKS Harper & Row, Publishers New York, Cambridge, Philadelphia, San Francisco London, Mexico City, Sao Paulo, Sydney ‘Theology Library =CHOOL OF THEOLOGY AT CLAREMONT California A hardcover edition of this book is published by Harper & Row, Publishers. LEADERSHIP. Copyright © 1978 by James MacGregor Burns. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. For information address Harper & Row, Publishers, Inc., 10 East 53d Street, New York, N.Y. 10022. Published simultaneously in Canada by Fitzhenry & Whiteside Limited, Toronto. First HARPER PAPERBACK published 1979. ISBN: 0-06-131975-9 Designed by Sidney Feinberg 85 86 15 14 13 12 11 109 8 For Joan . .ameadow. . . with nesting life spared by a mower’s blade set high the flowering weeds and grasses strewn over the field to be raked and dried by rays from a fire set high in the heaven. “High Mowing’’ a ar=e ¥ CONTENTS Prologue: The Crisis of Leadership “<a 1 PART I. LEADERSHIP: POWER AND PURPOSE 1. The Power of Leadership 9 The Two Essentials of Power, 12. Leadership and Followership, 18. What Leadership Is Not: Closing the Intellectual Gap, 23. 2. The Structure of Moral Leadership ) 29 The Power and Sources of Values, 30. Conflict and Consciousness, 36. The Elevating Power of Leadership, 41. PART II. ORIGINS OF LEADERSHIP gh The Psychological Matrix of Leadership a The Cocoon of Personality, 53. The Wellsprings of Want, 61. The Trans- mutation of Need, 68. The Hierarchies of Need and Value, 72. 4. The Social Sources of Leadership 81 The Family as Imperium, 82. Political Schooling, 85. Self-esteem, So- cial Role, and Empathy, 94. 5. The Crucibles of Political Leadership 105 The Spur of Ambition, 106. The Need for Gratification, 112. Openings and Closures: The Structure of Political Opportunity, 119. The Creation of Fol- lowers, 129. vili CONTENTS PART III. TRANSFORMING LEADERSHIP 6. Intellectual Leadership: Ideas as Moral Power 141 Intellectuals at the Tension Points, 143. Liberty and Power, 148. Intellec- tuals and the Nature of Liberty, 157. The Intellectual Test of Transforming Power, 163. . Reform Leadership 169 Great Britain: The Insistent Particularists, 172. Russia: Reform from Above, 181. Reform in America: Dilemmas of Transforming Leadership, 190. . Revolutionary Leadership 201 France: The Maelstrom of Leadership, 205. Russia: The Vocation of Lead- ership, 215. China: The Cult of Leadership, 228. . Heroes and Ideologues 241 Heroic Leadership, 243. Ideological Leadership, 248. Leadership as Transformation, 252. oe Ee PART IV. TRANSACTIONAL LEADERSHIP 10. Opinion Leadership: The Missing Piece of the Puzzle 250 Arousal: The Mobilization of Political Opinion, 259. Aggregation: The Alignment of Opinion, 265. Voting: The Conversion of Opinion, 274. ik Group Leadership: Bargainers and Bureaucrats 287 The Leadership of Small Groups, 289. Bureaucracy Versus Leadership, ~ 295. Leadership in Political Interest Groups, 302. 12: Party Leadership 308 Parties: Conflict and Leadership, 311. Party Leaders and Government Leaders, 315. One-Party Leadership, 329. Party Leadership: Power and Change, 337. 13. Legislative Leadership: The Price of Consensus 344 The Legislator as Leader, 346. Group Leadership and Legislative Struc- ture, 355. Central Legislative Leadership, 363. 14. Executive Leadership 369 The Political Executive: Power and Purpose, 371. The Executive Leader as ‘ Decision Maker, 378. The American President as Executive Leader, 385.

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548 Pages·1978·32.376 MB·English
by  James MacGregor Burns
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T | heoTlogAy Mat IClaLrem ont III || A o = Se oe)W w w on Ss oY HARPER TORCHBOOKS ¢ 181975 Vv se The Library SCHOOL OF THEOLOGY AT CLAREMONT WEST FOOTHILL AT COLLEGE AVENUE CLAREMONT, CALIFORNIA 91711 LEADERSHIP A Cee es BOOK ALSO BY JAMES MACGREGOR BURNS Edward Kennedy and the Camelot Legacy (1976) Uncommon Sense (1972) Roosevelt: The Soldier of Freedom (1970) Presidential Government: The Crucible of Leadership (1965) The Deadlock of Democracy: Four-Party Politics in America (1963) John Kennedy: A Political Profile (1960) Roosevelt: The Lion and the Fox (1956) Government by the People (with Jack W. Peltason) (1950) Congress on Trial (1949) HM L4H/ BY47 L977 LEADERSHIP James MacGregor Burns ¢ v HARPER TORCHBOOKS Harper & Row, Publishers New York, Cambridge, Philadelphia, San Francisco London, Mexico City, Sao Paulo, Sydney ‘Theology Library =CHOOL OF THEOLOGY AT CLAREMONT California A hardcover edition of this book is published by Harper & Row, Publishers. LEADERSHIP. Copyright © 1978 by James MacGregor Burns. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. For information address Harper & Row, Publishers, Inc., 10 East 53d Street, New York, N.Y. 10022. Published simultaneously in Canada by Fitzhenry & Whiteside Limited, Toronto. First HARPER PAPERBACK published 1979. ISBN: 0-06-131975-9 Designed by Sidney Feinberg 85 86 15 14 13 12 11 109 8 For Joan . .ameadow. . . with nesting life spared by a mower’s blade set high the flowering weeds and grasses strewn over the field to be raked and dried by rays from a fire set high in the heaven. “High Mowing’’ a ar=e ¥ CONTENTS Prologue: The Crisis of Leadership “<a 1 PART I. LEADERSHIP: POWER AND PURPOSE 1. The Power of Leadership 9 The Two Essentials of Power, 12. Leadership and Followership, 18. What Leadership Is Not: Closing the Intellectual Gap, 23. 2. The Structure of Moral Leadership ) 29 The Power and Sources of Values, 30. Conflict and Consciousness, 36. The Elevating Power of Leadership, 41. PART II. ORIGINS OF LEADERSHIP gh The Psychological Matrix of Leadership a The Cocoon of Personality, 53. The Wellsprings of Want, 61. The Trans- mutation of Need, 68. The Hierarchies of Need and Value, 72. 4. The Social Sources of Leadership 81 The Family as Imperium, 82. Political Schooling, 85. Self-esteem, So- cial Role, and Empathy, 94. 5. The Crucibles of Political Leadership 105 The Spur of Ambition, 106. The Need for Gratification, 112. Openings and Closures: The Structure of Political Opportunity, 119. The Creation of Fol- lowers, 129. vili CONTENTS PART III. TRANSFORMING LEADERSHIP 6. Intellectual Leadership: Ideas as Moral Power 141 Intellectuals at the Tension Points, 143. Liberty and Power, 148. Intellec- tuals and the Nature of Liberty, 157. The Intellectual Test of Transforming Power, 163. . Reform Leadership 169 Great Britain: The Insistent Particularists, 172. Russia: Reform from Above, 181. Reform in America: Dilemmas of Transforming Leadership, 190. . Revolutionary Leadership 201 France: The Maelstrom of Leadership, 205. Russia: The Vocation of Lead- ership, 215. China: The Cult of Leadership, 228. . Heroes and Ideologues 241 Heroic Leadership, 243. Ideological Leadership, 248. Leadership as Transformation, 252. oe Ee PART IV. TRANSACTIONAL LEADERSHIP 10. Opinion Leadership: The Missing Piece of the Puzzle 250 Arousal: The Mobilization of Political Opinion, 259. Aggregation: The Alignment of Opinion, 265. Voting: The Conversion of Opinion, 274. ik Group Leadership: Bargainers and Bureaucrats 287 The Leadership of Small Groups, 289. Bureaucracy Versus Leadership, ~ 295. Leadership in Political Interest Groups, 302. 12: Party Leadership 308 Parties: Conflict and Leadership, 311. Party Leaders and Government Leaders, 315. One-Party Leadership, 329. Party Leadership: Power and Change, 337. 13. Legislative Leadership: The Price of Consensus 344 The Legislator as Leader, 346. Group Leadership and Legislative Struc- ture, 355. Central Legislative Leadership, 363. 14. Executive Leadership 369 The Political Executive: Power and Purpose, 371. The Executive Leader as ‘ Decision Maker, 378. The American President as Executive Leader, 385.

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