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Lawyer's Manual on Domestic Violence PDF

446 Pages·2015·9.13 MB·English
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Printer note: Back cover is all white. “Floating” spine Purple ends at spine. center line Lawyer’s Manual on Domestic Violence L a w Lawyer’s Manual on Domestic Violence Representing the Victim, 6th Edition R y e e p r Edited by re ’s Representing the Victim, 6th Edition s M Mary Rothwell Davis, Dorchen A.Leidholdt and Charlotte A. Watson e n a t i n n u g With each edition, the Lawyer’s Manual has provided guidance on increasing numbers of a Edited by t topics from leading experts, and this new edition continues to add to this indispensable h l e o Mary Rothwell Davis, Dorchen A.Leidholdt and Charlotte A. Watson resource. It is, without a doubt, a powerful tool for those on the front lines and in the trench- n V es to bring justice and safety to victims and accountability for perpetrators. There is valuable ic D t o information across these pages for judges, prosecutors, law enforcement, government agen- i m m cies, service providers, treatment professionals, community groups, and others who seek to , e protect victims and uphold the law. 6 s t h t Hon. Jonathan Lippman ic E d Chief Judge of the State of New York V i t i i o o l This 6th Edition of the Lawyer’s Manual on Domestic Violence marks the twentieth year n e n since publication of the first Manual in 1995 when the New York State legislature set in c motion what soon became a sea change in how New York law addressed domestic vio- e lence. It has been ten years since publication of the last edition of the Lawyer’s Manual on Domestic Violence and during that time the law in this area has continued to evolve at a rapid pace. Our goal is to engender an understanding of the dimensions of domestic violence M and the history that has brought us to where we are today. We hope this book will provide ar y the wisdom and the technical information to help guide those called upon to respond within R o the legal system. th w Hon. Betty Weinberg Ellerin e Presiding Justice, Appellate Division, First Department (Ret.) Ch ll D This guide is an amazing compendium of spot-on critical information. Everyone doing this arlotte avis, D Edit e A o d work should read it, not just victim/survivor attorneys! . W rch by a e William M. Schaefer, Jr. t n s o A n . VAWA/Victim Services Unit Manager L e Office of Program Development and Funding id h o New York State Division of Criminal Justice Services ld t a n A version of this manual in PDF form is available through the links at: d Supreme Court of the State of New York, Appellate Division, First Department www.nycourts.gov/ip/womeninthecourts/publications.shtml and The New York State Judicial Committee on Women in the Courts www.probono.net/ny/family/library.cfm Lawyer’s Manual on Domestic Violence Representing the Victim, 6th Edition Edited by Mary Rothwell Davis, Dorchen A. Leidholdt & Charlotte A. Watson Supreme Court of the State of New York, Appellate Division, First Department Hon. Luis A. Gonzalez, Presiding Justice New York State Judicial Committee on Women in the Courts Hon. Betty Weinberg Ellerin, Chair This text is an unofficial publication of the Appellate Division, First Department, Supreme Court of the State of New York and the New York State Judicial Committee on Women in the Courts. The content represents the views of the contributors and does not necessarily reflect the views of the New York State Unified Court System, the Committee, or any New York State Judge. © 2015 All rights reserved This project was supported by subgrant No.SV14-1117-E00 awarded by the state administering office for the STOP Formula Grant Program. The opinions, findings, conclusions, and recommendations expressed in this publication/program/exhibition are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the state or the U.S. Department of Justice, Office on Violence Against Women or the NYS Division of Criminal Justice Services. Dedication These three judicial leaders devoted their minds, hearts and the transformative power they held in their institutional roles to ensuring that domestic violence be recognized as a scourge that could and would be addressed by our courts. Hon. Betty Weinberg Ellerin • Hon. Judith S. Kaye • Hon. Jonathan Lippman We dedicate this 6th edition of the Lawyer’s Manual on Domestic Violence to them, with our deepest gratitude. The pages of this book, with its chapters, paragraphs and words that enfold knowledgeable discussion of legal strategy, legislative reform, and energetic social advocacy, have a tendency to tear open, and we see beneath the language the faces and terror of those living among us in fear of domestic violence. These fellow humans might be next to us on the bus, or in the apartment just two floors down, or handing us our items at the check-out counter. We do not see them. But this book reveals the horror that is all around us, too often invisible: a version of hell. Teodors Ermansons, Graphic Designer (retired) Office of Court Administration –Spoken upon completing design of this book. Acknowledgements Hon. Jonathan Lippman, whose steadfast and energetic willingness to name domestic violence as one of the central concerns of the court system under his leadership has helped moved forward justice and jurisprudence. Hon. A. Gail Prudenti, whose sensitivity to New York’s most vulnerable citizens and the centrality of our courts to bettering their lives has helped make our judicial system ever more responsive. Hon. Lawrence Marks, our new Chief Administrative Judge, who will carry forward administration of justice in domestic violence cases. Hon. Luis Gonzalez, whose leadership of the Appellate Division, First Department has embraced the publication of this book and the promotion of best practices for domestic violence cases in New York courts. Hon. Betty Weinberg Ellerin, Chair of the New York State Judicial Committee on Women in the Courts, special counsel to Alston & Bird, and former Presiding Justice of the Appellate Division, First Department for her constant leadership, vision and perseverance in the pursuit of justice. Teodors Ermansons, who designed the cover and the book, cheerfully helping the co-editors through draft after draft of these chapters until they were perfect or, given Ted’s impending and well-deserved retirement, we ran out of time. This book would not have been without his tireless care, attention and help. U.S. Department of Justice’s Office on Violence Against Women & the New York State Division of Criminal Justice Services for a generous STOP grant that underwrote creation of this book. Jill Zuccardy, Amanda Norejko, and William Silverman of Greenberg Traurig for invaluable proofreading. The contributors, one and all, who took time in professional lives that were already stretched to the breaking point to share with our readers and with the Bar the extraordinary collective wisdom they carry. We are so very grateful. Mary Rothwell Davis Dorchen A. Leidholdt Charlotte A. Watson Summary of Contents Acknowledgements v 7 Intimate Partner Sexual Assault: Summary of Contents vi An Overlooked Reality of Domestic Violence Table of Contents viii by Jill Laurie Goodman Foreword by Hon. Jonathan Lippman xxv updated by Introduction by Hon. Betty Weinberg Ellerin xxvi Lynn Hecht Schafran & Eliana Theodorou 68 Section 1 Introductory Matters 8 Taking Stalking Seriously by Hilary Sunghee Seo 77 1 Ensuring Victim Safety and Abuser Accountability: Reforms and Revisions in 9 Litigating Family Offense Proceedings New York Courts’ Response by Nicole Fidler & Dorchen A. Leidholdt 87 to Domestic Violence by Hon. Jonathan Lippman 1 Section 3 Domestic Violence in the Courts 2 A Look Back on Our 40-Year 10 Representing Victims of Domestic Violence in Walk, and a Glimpse Ahead Supreme Court Matrimonial Actions by Charlotte A. Watson 18 by Hon. Emily Ruben 108 11 Prosecuting a Domestic Violence Case: Section 2 Fundamentals of a Looking Beyond the Victim’s Testimony Domestic Violence Case by Elizabeth Cronin 116 3 Interviewing and Assisting Domestic Violence Survivors 12 Compensation for Domestic Violence Victims: Tort by B. J. Cling & Dorchen A. Leidholdt 32 Remedies and Beyond by Betty Levinson 130 4 Assessing Lethality and Risk: What Do We Know, How Can We Help? 13 The Rights of Domestic Violence Victims in by Hon. Janice M. Rosa 46 Criminal Proceedings by Christina Brandt-Young 140 5 Police Response: Mandatory Arrest & Primary Physical Aggressor 14 The Integrated Domestic Violence Court: by Lisa Fischel-Wolovick 52 New York’s Successful Experience by Hon. Daniel D. Angiolillo 150 6 Firearms Seizure in Domestic Violence Proceedings by Hon. Mary Anne Lehmann 62 vii Section 4 Children and Domestic Violence 24 Disabled Victims of Domestic Violence 15 Litigating Custody and Visitation by Mary Rothwell Davis 302 in Domestic Violence Cases by Kim Susser 163 25 Abuse in Later Life: Domestic Violence and the Older Client 16 Child Welfare Cases and Investigations by Mary Rothwell Davis 316 Involving Domestic Violence by Jill M. Zuccardy 182 Section 6 Employment, Housing and Benefits 26 Domestic Violence Victims 17 Representing Domestic Violence Victims and Employment Law: in Child and Spousal Support Cases Safeguarding the Workplace by Roxana Bernal & Amy Hozer 196 by Wendy R. Weiser & Deborah A. Widiss updated by 18 Interstate Custody for Domestic Violence Christina Brandt-Young & Jelena Kolic 329 Victims and Their Children: The UCCJEA and Relocation 27 Public Assistance and Housing: Updated by Mary Rothwell Davis 208 Navigating Difficult Benefits Systems by Jack Newton, 19 International Custody Disputes and Abduction: Amy Schwartz & Sharon Stapel 343 Invoking and Defending Against UCCJEA and Hague Convention Claims 28 Helping Immigrant Victims of by Betsy Tsai, Mary Rothwell Davis Domestic Violence Access Federal & Josephine Lea Iselin 221 and State Public Benefits by Barbara Weiner 369 Section 5 Protecting All Victims 20 Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Section 7 Offender Accountability Queer Victims of Intimate Partner Violence 29 Batterer Intervention Programs: by Sharon Stapel & Virginia M. Goggin 241 What Criminal Justice Professionals Need to Know 21 Teen Victims of Intimate Partner Violence by Rose M. Garrity 378 by Andrew Sta. Ana & Stephanie Nilva 254 30 The Role of Probation in 22 Remedies for Immigrant Victims Domestic Violence Cases of Domestic Violence by William M. Schaefer, Jr. by Melissa Brennan & Pooja Asnani 266 & Robert M. Maccarone 386 Appendix 395 23 Emerging Issues: FGM, Forced Marriage, Contributors 410 Honor Violence & Trafficking by Dorchen A. Leidholdt & Sayoni Maitra 287 Table of Contents Acknowledgements v Summary of Contents vii Table of Contents viii Foreword by Hon. Jonathan Lippman xxv Introduction by Hon. Betty Weinberg Ellerin xxvi Section 1 Introductory Matters 1 Ensuring Victim Safety and Abuser Accountability: Reforms and Revisions in New York Courts’ Response to Domestic Violence* by Hon. Jonathan Lippman 1 Introduction 1 Changes to the New York Criminal Court System Over Time Have Improved Outcomes for Victims of Domestic Violence 2 In the past, antiquated views of women and domestic violence impeded the prosecution of abusers. 2 Logistical and procedural obstacles in criminal court also prevented litigants from accessing justice. 3 Mandatory arrest policies, a statewide domestic violence registry, and other reforms were implemented to aid law enforcement and prosecutors. 3 The creation of specialized domestic violence courts brings families with overlapping criminal and family court cases before the same judge. 5 The success of specialized domestic violence courts and other reforms are documented by encouraging statistical trends from the criminal courts. 7 Innovative Solutions in the Family Courts Have Increased Access to Justice for Domestic Violence Victims 7 Historically, obstacles in Family Court prevented victims of domestic violence from obtaining relief. 7 Legislative changes and the strengthening of civil protective orders have aided in combating domestic violence. 8 The implementation of Family Justice Centers and expanded access to civil legal services provide increased support to domestic violence victims. 9 Conclusion 10 Notes 11 2 A Look Back on Our 40-Year Walk, and a Glimpse Ahead by Charlotte A. Watson 18 Civil Justice Reforms 22 Judicial Insight into Domestic Violence: Court Responses 24 Chief Judge Kaye Embraces and Champions Our Cause 25 Family Justice Center: Centralized Services 27 Continuing Expansion of Legal Remedies 27 Notes 29 Table of Contents ix Section 2 Fundamentals of a Domestic Violence Case 3 Interviewing and Assisting Domestic Violence Survivors by B. J. Cling & Dorchen A. Leidholdt 32 The Attorney-Client Relationship: Where it Begins 32 Communicating Safely 32 Communicating Effectively 33 Stretching Further to Connect With Your Client 33 Awareness of the Strength of Your Role 33 Understanding Legal Issues 33 Understanding Intimate Partner Violence 34 Coercive Control & Intimate Terrorism 34 Jealousy and Possessiveness 34 Controlling Behavior 34 Quick Involvement and Manipulative Behavior 35 Isolation 35 Blame and Incessant Criticism 35 Cruelty to Animals or Children 35 Abusive and Violent Sex 36 Verbal Abuse 36 Rigid Sex Roles 36 Identifying Other Legal and Non-Legal Needs 36 Other Legal Proceedings 36 Non-Legal Needs 37 For safety 37 For counseling 37 For therapy or psychiatric help 37 For emotional reassurance 38 The Interview 38 The First Meeting 38 Confidentiality 38 Three Effective Techniques 39 Obtaining the History of Domestic Violence and Gathering Evidence 39 Documenting the Abuse and Preserving Evidence 39 Assessing the Children’s Situation 40 Knowing the Worst 40 Strengthening Your Client’s Courtroom Presentation 41 Prepare the client for meetings with other professionals. 41 Understanding the Effects of Trauma 41 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) 41 Trauma-Coerced Bonding: When Your Client Wants to Return to the Abuser 43 Vicarious Trauma 43 Conclusion 44 Notes 44

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This book would not have been without his tireless care, attention and help. violence, and the courts have been a catalyst for conversation and coordination among became a sea change in how New York law addressed domestic violence. Kofi Annan, Secretary-General of the United Nations.
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