LAW, ANTHROPOLOGY, AND THE CONSTITUTION OF THE SOCIAL PDF
Preview LAW, ANTHROPOLOGY, AND THE CONSTITUTION OF THE SOCIAL
This page intentionally left blank LAW, ANTHROPOLOGY, AND THE CONSTITUTION OF THE SOCIAL This collection of interdisciplinary essays explores how persons and things–thecentralelementsofthesocial–arefabricatedbylegalrituals and institutions. The contributors, legal and anthropological theorists alike,focusonasetofspecificinstitutionalandethnographiccontexts, andsomeunexpectedandthought-provokinganalogiesemergefromthis intellectualencounterbetweenlawandanthropology.Forexample,con- temporaryanxietiesaboutthelegalstatusofthebiotechnologicalbody seem to resonate with the questions addressed by ancient Roman law initstreatmentofdeadbodies.Theanalogybetweencopyrightandthe transmissionofintangibledesignsinMelanesiasuddenlymakesWestern imagesofauthorshipseemquiteunfamiliar.Acomparisonbetweenlaw andlaboratorysciencepresentstheproductionoflegalartefactsinanew light.Thesestudiesareofparticularrelevanceatatimewhenlaw,faced withtheinventivenessofbiotechnology,findsitincreasinglydifficultto drawthelinebetweenpersonsandthings. ALAIN POTTAGE isReaderinLawattheLondonSchoolofEconomics and Political Science. Previously he has taught in the law schools of King’sCollege,London,andSydneyUniversity.Hehaspublishedexten- sivelyonquestionsofpropertylawandlegaltheory. MARTHA MUNDY is Reader in Anthropology at the London School of Economics and Political Science. She has published an ethnog- raphy, Domestic Government: Kinship, Community and Polity in North Yemen(1995),andeditedseveralbooks,mostrecently,TheTransforma- tion of Nomadic Society in the Arab East (co-edited with B. Musallam, Cambridge,2000)andLawandAnthropology(2002). CAMBRIDGE STUDIES IN LAW AND SOCIETY CambridgeStudiesinLawandSocietyaimstopublishthebestscholarlyworkon legaldiscourseandpracticeinitssocialandinstitutionalcontexts,combining theoreticalinsightsandempiricalresearch. Thefieldsthatitcoversarestudiesoflawinaction;thesociologyoflaw;the anthropologyoflaw;culturalstudiesoflaw,includingtheroleoflegaldiscourses in social formations; law and economics; law and politics; and studies of gov- ernance.Thebooksconsiderallformsoflegaldiscourseacrosssocieties,rather thanbeinglimitedtolawyers’discoursesalone. Theserieseditorscomefromarangeofdisciplines:academiclaw;socio-legal studies;sociologyandanthropology.Allhavebeenactivelyinvolvedinteaching andwritingaboutlawincontext. SeriesEditors ChrisArup VictoriaUniversity,Melbourne MartinChanock LaTrobeUniversity,Melbourne PatO’Malley CarletonUniversity,Ottawa SallyEngleMerry WellesleyCollege,Massachusetts SusanSilbey MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology BooksintheSeries SocialCitizenshipandWorkfareintheUnitedStatesandWesternEurope TheParadoxofInclusion JoelF.Handler 0521833701hardback 0521541530paperback LawandNature DavidDelaney 0521831261hardback ThePoliticsofTruthandReconciliationinSouthAfrica LegitimizingthePost-ApartheidState RichardA.Wilson 0521802199hardback 0521001943paperback ModernismandtheGroundsofLaw PeterFitzpatrick 0521802229hardback 0521002532paperback UnemploymentandGovernment GenealogiesoftheSocial WilliamWalters 0521643333hardback AutonomyandEthnicity NegotiatingCompetingClaimsinMulti–EthnicStates YashGhai 0521781124hardback 0521786428paperback ConstitutingDemocracy Law,GlobalismandSouthAfrica’sPoliticalReconstruction HeinzKlug 0521781132hardback 0521786436paperback TheNewWorldTradeOrganizationAgreements GlobalizingLawthroughServicesandIntellectualProperty ChristopherArup 0521773555hardback TheRitualofRightsinJapan Law,Society,andHealthPolicy EricA.Feldman 0521770408hardback 0521779642paperback TheInventionofthePassport Surveillance,CitizenshipandtheState JohnTorpey 0521632498hardback 0521634938paperback GoverningMorals ASocialHistoryofMoralRegulation AlanHunt 0521640717hardback 0521646898paperback TheColoniesofLaw Colonialism,ZionismandLawinEarlyMandatePalestine RonenShamir 0521631831hardback LAW, ANTHROPOLOGY, AND THE CONSTITUTION OF THE SOCIAL Making Persons and Things Edited by Alain Pottage and Martha Mundy LondonSchoolofEconomicsandPoliticalScience cambridge university press Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge cb2 2ru, UK Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521831789 © Cambridge University Press 2004 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provision of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published in print format 2004 isbn-13 978-0-511-21072-3 eBook (EBL) isbn-10 0-511-21249-6 eBook (EBL) isbn-13 978-0-521-83178-9 hardback isbn-10 0-521-83178-4 hardback isbn-13 978-0-521-53945-6 paperback isbn-10 0-521-53945-5 paperback Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of urls for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. CONTENTS Notesoncontributors page viii 1 Introduction:thefabricationofpersonsandthings 1 AlainPottage 2 ResReligiosae:onthecategoriesofreligionandcommerce inRomanlaw 40 YanThomas 3 Scientificobjectsandlegalobjectivity 73 BrunoLatour 4 Legalfabricationsandthecaseof‘culturalproperty’ 115 TimMurphy 5 Ownershiporoffice?AdebateinIslamicHanafite jurisprudenceoverthenatureofthemilitary‘fief’,from theMamlukstotheOttomans 142 MarthaMundy 6 Gedik:abundleofrightsandobligationsforIstanbul artisansandtraders,1750–1840 166 EnginDenizAkarlı 7 Losing(outon)intellectualresources 201 MarilynStrathern 8 Re-visualisingattachment:ananthropological perspectiveonpersonsandpropertyforms 234 SusanneKu¨chler 9 Ouroriginalinheritance 249 AlainPottage Bibliography 286 Index 302 vii CONTRIBUTORS EnginAkarlıistheJoukowskyFamilyDistinguishedProfessorofMod- ernMiddleEastHistoryatBrownUniversity.Hehastaughtatseveral universities, serves on the editorial board of Islamic Law and Society, and is the author of several publications including Political Participa- tion in Turkey (1974), Belgelerle Tanzimat (1977), and The Long Peace: OttomanLebanon,1861–1920(1993). SusanneKu¨chlerisReaderinMaterialCultureStudiesintheDepart- mentofAnthropology,UniversityCollegeLondon.Shehaswrittenon images of memory and the art of forgetting with special reference to thePacific.CurrentlysheisdirectinganESRCfundedprojectentitled ‘Clothing the Pacific’, linking University College London, the British Museum,andGoldsmithsCollege. Bruno Latour is Professor in the Centre of Innovation at the E´cole NormaleSupe´rieuredesMinesinParis.Healsoholdsappointmentsat theLondonSchoolofEconomicsandintheDepartmentoftheHistory of Science at Harvard University. He is the author of many books, most of which have been translated into English, notably We Have Never Been Modern (1993), Aramis or the Love of Technology (1996), andPandora’sHope(1999). MarthaMundyisReaderinAnthropologyattheLondonSchoolof Economics. Earlier she taught at Yarmouk University in Jordan, Uni- versite´Lyon2Lumie`re,UCLA,andtheAmericanUniversityofBeirut. TogetherwithRichardSaumarezSmith,sheiscompletingamonograph on The State of Property: Law, Administration and Production in Late OttomanSouthernSyria. TimMurphyisProfessorofLawattheLondonSchoolofEconomics. Hispublicationsinclude(withSimonRoberts)UnderstandingProperty Law (3rd edn, 1998) and The Oldest Social Science? Configurations of Law and Modernity (1997). His current research is in the field of law andsocialtheoryandthehistoryandtheoryofheritage. Alain Pottage is Reader in Law at the London School of Eco- nomics.Hehaswrittenonvariousaspectsoflawandsocialtheory,with viii
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