Table Of Content

Language Study/Latin pain Rose Williams has undertaken a welcome and formidable task— preparing a set of rep resentative selections from the Neo-Latin works of New Spain for the Latin classroom. This pioneering text presents four prose writers—Acosta, Columbus, Cortés, and Salazar— and two epic poets— Landivar and Cabrera—whose works present the Europeans’ first views of the land that would become New Spain and trace the development of the preconquest Tenochtitlán into Mexico City. These authentic selections from the New World offer students who have completed their initial Latin grammar studies a special view of the full legacy of Latin literature. Features • Unadapted Latin texts from six authors and four genres: epic poetry, natural histo ry, letters, and pedagogical dialogue • 345 lines of poetry; 707 lines of prose • Biographies and cultural context for each author • Synopsis before and comprehension questions after each se lection • Vocabulary aids and grammar and word use questions that facilitate comprehension • Two maps and 37 black and white illustrations • Appendices: Background Notes on Signifi cant Persons, Places, and Terms; Historical Timeline; Common Figures of Speech; Rhythm and Meter in Poetry; Master List of Neologisms • Latin to English Glossary pilose Williams has taught Latin for over thirty years in college and high school. She has au- thored over twenty books and maintains a popular website, wwwroserwilliams.com. Her , books include From Romulus to Romulus Augustulus, From Rome to Reformation, The Lighter e of the Dark Ages, Julius Caesar: Master of Surprise, and Caesar’s Blood: Greek Tragedy in Roman Life. She coauthored A Caesar Workbook and Caesar: A LEGAMUS Transitional Reader. Williams holds a BA from Baylor University and an MA from the University of North ¡Carolina, Chapel Hill and did postgraduate work in Latin and the humanities at the Univer sity of Dallas and the University of Texas at Arlington. On a Rockefeller Grant, Williams did «tesearch at the Bodleian Library of Oxford University and at the University of Pisa, Italy. Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers, Inc. ; 1570Baskin Road, Mundelein, IL 60060 Phone: (847) 526-4344; Fax: (847) 526-2867 ir.bolchazy.com Latín by R o se W il l ia m s Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers, Inc. Mundelein, Illinois USA Editor: Donald E. Sprague Contributing Editors: Bridget Dean, Laurel Draper, and Connor Hart Cover Design: Adam Phillip Velez Map: Mapping Specialists Cover Photograph: Juan de Oñate, Conquistador by Laro McKenzie Sims Latin of New Spain Rose Williams © 2015 Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved. Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers, Inc. 1570 Baskin Road Mundelein, Illinois 60060 www.bolchazy.com Printed in the United States of America 2015 by United Graphics ISBN 978-0-86516-833-6 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Williams, Rose, 1937- compiler. Title: Latin of New Spain / by Rose Williams. Description: Mundelein, Illinois, USA: Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers, Inc., 2016.1 Includes bibliographical references. Identifiers: LCCN 2015043386 | ISBN 9780865168336 (pbk.: alk. paper) Subjects: LCSH: Latin literature, Medieval and modern-New Spain. | Latin literature, Medieval and modern-New Spam-History and criticism. ] Latin language, Medieval and modern-New Spain. Classification: LCC PA8027 .L38 2016 | DDC 870.8/0074-dc23 LC record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2015043386 Contents List of Maps and Illustrations.........................................................................vii How to Use This Book..........................................................................................ix Acknowledgments...............................................................................................xiii Introduction........................................................................................................xv Abbreviations.......................................................................................................xix Section I: Before the Europeans.................................................................1 The Nature of the Lands................................................................................3 Biography of José de Acosta, S J .............................................................3 De natura novi orbis...................................................................................6 Chapter 9 ...............................................................................................6 Aristotle’s Views............................................................................6 Chapter 11.............................................................................................10 Ihe Christian Fathers..................................................................10 Pliny’s Comments......................................................................12 Seneca’s Prophecies......................................................................16 The Origins of the People.............................................................................21 De natura novi orbis.................................................................................22 Chapter 2 4 ........................................................................................22 The Origin of the Native Population.......................................22 Chapter 2 5 ........................................................................................28 The Difficulties of Learning about Their History................28 -i» 111 IV Latin of New Spain Quetzalcoatl, King and G od......................................................................33 Biography of Francisco José Cabrera...................................................33 Monumenta Mexicana.............................................................................36 Quetzalcoatl the King (lines 1-16)...............................................36 Quetzalcoatl’s Teachings (lines 17-33).......................................40 The Origin of Quetzalcoatl (lines 34-50)...................................42 Quetzalcoatl Gains Support (lines 107-122)...........................44 Quetzalcoatl’s Recovery Brings Confrontation (lines 170-192).............................................................................48 The People Accept Quetzalcoatl’s Reasoning and Prepare His Coronation (lines 225-260)............................52 Quetzalcoatl Rules (lines 284-294)...........................................58 Quetzalcoatl Abdicates (lines 331-344)...................................60 Quetzalcoatl Departs (lines 345-363).......................................62 The City in the Lake.....................................................................................65 Monumenta Mexicana.............................................................................66 The Mexica Wander, Expelled from Their Homeland (lines 1-26)..............................................................66 The Omen Is Fulfilled (lines 27-56)...........................................70 Biography of Rafael Landívar, SJ..........................................................75 Rusticatio Mexicana.................................................................................76 Invocation to Apollo (lines 28-36)...............................................76 The New City Prospers, but Incurs Envy (lines 140-156).............................................................................78 The Floating Gardens Are Begun (lines 157-174)....................82 Planting the Crops (lines 175-190)...............................................86 Paying the Tribute (lines 191-204)...............................................90 The Envious Shore Competes with the Floating Gardens (lines 205-217)..........................................................92 An Amazing Bird (lines 218-231)...............................................94 Life on the Floating Islands (lines 232-250)............................96 Contents v Section II: The Coming of the Hispanics..................................................99 Columbus’s Observations........................................................................101 Biography of Christopher Columbus.................................................101 Epistola de Insulis Nuper Repertis (1493)...................................... 104 Preface..............................................................................................104 The Voyage and the Five Islands.................................................106 The First Islands...............................................................................108 The Islands Joanna and Hispana.................................................112 Inhabitants of Hispana....................................................................116 Interaction with the Natives........................................................120 Characteristics of the People and Commerce among Them........................................................124 Size of the Islands...........................................................................128 Taking Hold and Getting Acquainted.........................................132 Stories of Other Tribes...................................................................136 Summation.......................................................................................140 Tenochtitlán..................................................................................................145 Biography of Hernán (Ferdinand) Cortés.....................................145 Praeclara Ferdinandi Cortesii de nova maris oceani Hyspania narratio...................................................................................148 Location ofMontezuma’s Capital.................................................148 Hazards of the Location................................................................152 Splendors of Tenochtitlán............................................................156 Religion..............................................................................................158 Cortés Takes Action........................................................................162 Mexico City Arises.......................................................................................165 Biography of Francisco Cervantes de Salazar..................................165 Francisci Cervantis Salazari Toletani, ad Ludovici Vivis Valentini exercitationem, aliquot Dialogi.................................168 vi Latin of New Spain Civitas Mexicus—Exploration Begins.....................................168 Tacuba Street...................................................................................172 The Forum, or Plaza Mayor............................................................176 This Unique City and Cortés........................................................180 The Modest Early Cathedral........................................................182 The University and the Great Crossing Streets..........................................................................................186 The Orphanages...............................................................................188 The Shops of Tejada.......................................................................192 The Hospital.......................................................................................196 Epilogue.........................................................................................................199 Appendix 1: Background Notes on Significant Persons, Places, and Terms......................................................................................201 Appendix 2: Historical Timeline....................................................................217 Appendix 3: Common Figures of Speech....................................................223 Appendix 4: Rhythm and Meter in Poetry................................................225 Appendix 5: Master List of Neologisms....................................................231 Latin-to-English Glossary...............................................................................233 Bibliography.....................................................................................................277 Maps and Illustrations Maps Columbus’s Four Voyages............................................................................xx Illustrations The Equestrian....................................................................................................xii Climate Z ones...................................................................................................9 Acosta Frontispiece.........................................................................................14 José de Acosta, S J .............................................................................................15 Quetzalcoatl M ask........................................................................................35 Temple of Quetzalcoatl Detail....................................................................47 Cotton.................................................................................................................51 Quetzalcoatl Statue........................................................................................57 Mount Popocatépal........................................................................................69 Flag of M exico.................................................................................................74 Universidad Rafael Landivar........................................................................80 Chinampas and Trajineras............................................................................85 Mexico City.........................................................................................................89 The City in the Lake........................................................................................98 Ferdinand and Isabella’s Court..................................................................103 VÍÍ~*r viii Latin of New Spain Arrival on Guanahani..................................................................................Ill Philomela...........................................................................................................115 Columbus Greets Natives..........................................................................119 Royal Palace, Barcelona..............................................................................123 Columbus Lays Claim..................................................................................125 Santa M aria.......................................................................................................131 Columbus with M aps..................................................................................135 The Catholic Monarchs..............................................................................139 Cortés’s Portrait..............................................................................................146 Statue of Cortés...............................................................................................147 Cortés at Cholula...........................................................................................151 Cortés Meets Montezuma..........................................................................155 Cortés’s Conquest I .......................................................................................161 Palacio N acional..........................................................................................166 Cortés’s Conquest II......................................................................................167 Palacio Nacional Courtyard......................................................................171 La Malinche and Cortés..............................................................................179 Mexico City Cathedral..............................................................................185 Temple Mayor, Mexico City......................................................................191 Tlatelolco...........................................................................................................195 Metro Tacuba...................................................................................................198