Table Of Content

i Latin American Politics and Development For over forty years, Latin American Politics and Development has kept instructors and students abreast of current affairs and changes in Latin America. Now in its tenth edition, this authoritative yet accessible introduction has been updated throughout. Organized on a country-b y- country basis, Latin American Politics and Development offers instructors max- imum flexibility in organizing courses. Revisions to the Tenth Edition include: • An updated theoretical framework to explain changes in the region, including discussions of electoral systems and political actors. • Discussions on presidential, parliamentary, and municipal election cycles throughout the region from 2017 through early 2022. • Coverage of the COVID- 19 pandemic. • Examination on the regional decline in democratic norms and practices. • A look at the impact of the Trump administration on regional relations, including the decline in democracy. • Updates on race, Indigenous groups, women, Afro- Latin Americans, contemporary social movements, religious and other non-e lite groups. Harvey F. Kline is Professor Emeritus of Political Science at the University of Alabama. Christine J. Wade is Professor of Political Science and International Studies at Washington College. ii iii Latin American Politics and Development Tenth Edition Edited by Harvey F. Kline and Christine J. Wade iv Cover image: © Getty Images Tenth edition published 2023 by Routledge 605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158 and by Routledge 4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2023 selection and editorial matter, Harvey F. Kline and Christine J. Wade; individual chapters, the contributors The right of Harvey F. Kline and Christine J. Wade to be identified as the authors of the editorial material, and of the authors for their individual chapters, has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. First edition published by Houghton Mifflin 1979 Ninth edition published by Westview Press 2018 Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data A catalog record has been requested for this book ISBN: 978- 1- 032- 12158- 1 (hbk) ISBN: 978- 1- 032- 12156- 7 (pbk) ISBN: 978- 1- 003- 22335- 1 (ebk) DOI: 10.4324/ 9781003223351 Typeset in Times New Roman by Newgen Publishing UK v For David Scott Palmer Contributor, beloved mentor, and dear friend vi vii Contents List of Illustrations x List of Contributors xi Preface to the Tenth Edition xvii PART I The Latin American Tradition and Process of Development 1 HARVEY F. KLINE AND CHRISTINE J. WADE Introduction 3 1 The Context of Latin American Politics 9 2 A Brief History of Latin America 20 3 State Institutions and Public Policy 31 4 Actors, Interest Groups, and Political Parties 44 5 The Political Economy of Latin America 63 6 Latin America and the United States 81 7 The Struggle for Democracy in Latin America 99 PART II The Political Systems of South America 113 8 Argentina: The Economic Tango Continues 115 LINDA CHEN viii viii Contents 9 Brazil: Polarization and Elite Rule 135 BRITTA H. CRANDALL 10 Chile: From Democracy to Dictatorship and Back 154 PETER M. SIAVELIS 11 Colombia: Coping with Multiple Transitions 178 HARVEY F. KLINE AND ANGELIKA RETTBERG 12 Peru: Will Democracy Outlast Political Dysfunction? 201 JULIO F. CARRIÓN 13 Venezuela: A Revolutionary Petrostate Under Stress 223 VÍCTOR M. MIJARES 14 Uruguay: An Early Democracy and Welfare State in South America 247 DANIEL BUQUET 15 Paraguay: Consolidation of Limited Democracy 268 BRIAN TURNER 16 Bolivia: Between Reform and Revolution 290 MIGUEL CENTELLAS 17 Ecuador: The Return of Neoliberal Ghosts with Pandemic Woes 311 JENNIFER N. COLLINS PART III The Political Systems of Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean 333 18 Mexico: Pluralism, Violence, and a Populist Backlash 335 JOSÉ LUIS VELASCO 19 Cuba: Revolution in the Balance? 359 BRIAN FONSECA AND JEFFERY A. TOBIN 20 Costa Rica: Tensions and Uncertainty in Latin America’s Most Stable Democracy 382 RONALD ALFARO- REDONDO ix Contents ix 21 Nicaragua: The Resurgence of Authoritarian Rule 399 SHELLEY A. MCCONNELL 22 El Salvador: Democracy in Peril? 418 CHRISTINE J. WADE 23 Guatemala: The Ongoing Struggle Against Corruption and Impunity 436 MICHAEL E. ALLISON 24 Honduras: Inequality and Social Crisis 454 JORGE E. CUÉLLAR 25 Panama: Political Culture and the Struggle to Build Democracy 473 ORLANDO J. PÉREZ 26 The Dominican Republic: Democracy, Still a Work in Progress 490 LILIAN BOBEA AND CYRUS VEESER 27 Haiti: Searching for Modern Governance 508 GEORGES A. FAURIOL Index 526