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Latin America, 1974 PDF

218 Pages·1975·18.068 MB·English
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Latin America 1974 Latin America 1974 Edited by Lester A. Sobel Contributing editor.- Chris Hunt Indexed by Grace M. Ferrara FACTS ON FILE, INC. NEW YORK, N.Y. Latin America 1974 © Copyright, 1975, by Facts on File, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without the permission of the publisher except for reasonably brief extracts used in reviews or scholarly works. Published by Facts on File, Inc., 119 West 57th Street, New York, N.Y. 10019. Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 73-83047 ISBN 0-87196-252-7 987654321 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Contents Page FOREWORD.............................................................. 1 REGIONAL DEVELOPMENTS.............................. 3 Relationships Reexamined....................................... 3 Economic Affairs...................................................... 10 ARGENTINA.............................................................. 13 Violence Precedes Peron’s Death.............................. 13 Troubles in Cordoba................................................. 21 Peron’s Final Months............................................... 23 Peron’s Death........................................................... 26 Mrs. Peron President, Violence Resumes................. 27 Foreign Relations...................................................... 38 Economic & Other Developments........................... 40 BOLIVIA..................................................................... 44 Politics & Turmoil.................................................... 44 Foreign & Economic Affairs..................................... 53 BRAZIL........................................................................ 55 Elections: Geisel President, Opposition Wins in Legislatures........................................... 55 Repression Continues............................................... 58 Economic & Foreign Affairs..................................... 61 Other Developments................................................. 63 CHILE............................................................................. 66 Repressions Continue.................................................. 66 Church Vs. Junta......................................................... 77 Pinochet Wins Supreme Power................................... 78 Junta Action & Resistance........................................... 79 Foreign Intervention.................................................... 85 Foreign & Economic Affairs........................................ 90 Other Economic Developments................................... 9^ COLOMBIA................................................................... 98 Lopez Michelsen Wins Presidency.............................. 98 Economic Developments............................................ 100 Other Events................................................................ 103 COSTA RICA................................................................ 105 Start of Oduber Administration................................ 105 CUBA............................................................................ 109 OAS Sanctions Remain in Force................................ 109 Soviet Relations......................................................... 114 Economic & Foreign Affairs....................................... 115 Other Developments.................................................... 117 DOMINICAN REPUBLIC................................. 119 Balaguer Wins Third Term.......................................... 119 GUATEMALA............................................................. 123 Fraud Charged as Presidency Is Awarded to Laugerud............................................ 123 MEXICO....................................................................... 127 Foreign Policy.............................................................. 127 Economic Events......................................................... 130 Anti-Government Violence....................................... 133 PANAMA....................................................................... 139 Canal Negotiations...................................................... 139 Economic & Other Events.......................................... 142 PERU............................................................................... 144 Politics & Repression................................................. 144 Press Under Attack...................................................... 147 Foreign Affairs........................................................... 150 Economic Events...................................................... 151 Other Developments................................................. 154 URUGUAY................................................................ 155 Politics, Arrests & Press Curbs................................ 155 Economic Developments.......................................... 159 VENEZUELA.............................................................. 161 Oil: Nationalization Planned, Prices Raised............ 161 Other Economic Developments................................ 168 Other Events.............................................................. 171 OTHER AREAS......................................................... 172 Bahamas................................................................... 172 Barbados................................................................... 172 Ecuador..................................................................... 173 El Salvador................................................................ 175 Grenada..................................................................... 176 Guyana..................................................................... 178 Haiti.......................................................................... 180 Honduras................................................................... 180 Jamaica..................................................................... 183 Nicaragua................................................................... 185 Paraguay................................................................... 188 Puerto Rico................................................................ 189 Surinam..................................................................... 190 Trinidad & Tobago.................................................... 191 West Indies Associated States.................................. 191 INDEX 193 Foreword This is the third volume of the Facts on File annual on Latin America. It records the history of Latin America and the Caribbean area during 1974. The purpose of this series is to give researchers, students, educators, librarians and others a convenient, reliable, un­ biased and inexpensive source of information on the many events that take place each year in this important part of the world. The 1974 volume, therefore, records the essential details of such events as Juan Peron’s death, the beginning of his widow’s term as president of Argentina, the cam­ paign to end OAS sanctions against Cuba and the dispute between the U.S. and Panama over the future of the Pan­ ama Canal and Canal Zone. But it also covers more than just the most important occurrences. It provides facts on economic developments, guerrilla operations, labor action, diplomatic relations, government corruption, political ma­ neuverings, student activism, military affairs and the many other events that make up the history of Latin America and the Caribbean area during 1974. The material of the book consists almost exclusively of the Latin American record compiled by Facts on File in its weekly reports on world events. Such changes as were made in producing this book were largely for the purpose of eliminating needless repetition, supplying necessary ampli­ fication or correcting error. Yet some useful repetition was 2 LATIN AMERICA 1974 provided deliberately: for example, when two countries are involved in a single event, the report, or at least part of it, is often carried in the chapter for each of the two countries. This means more complete coverage of each country in the place the reader is most likely to look; this makes it less likely that these items will be overlooked, and this reduces some of the need to consult the index and other chapters to locate a specific fact. A conscientious effort was made to record all events with­ out bias.

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