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Laser Photobiology and Photomedicine PDF

322 Pages·1985·9.22 MB·English
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Laser Photobiology and Photomedicine ETTORE MAJORANA INTERNATIONAL SCIENCE SERIES Series Editor: Antonino Zichichi European Physical Society Geneva, Switzerland (PHYSICAL SCIENCES) Recent volumes in the series: Volume 15 UNIFICATION OF THE FUNDAMENTAL PARTICLE INTERACTIONS II Edited by John Ellis and Sergio Ferrara Volume 16 THE SEARCH FOR CHARM, BEAUTY, AND TRUTH AT HIGH ENERGIES Edited by G. Bellini and.S. C. C. Ting Volume 17 PHYSICS AT LEAR WITH LOW-ENERGY COOLED ANTIPROTONS Edited by Ugo Gastaldi and Robert Klapisch Volume 18 FREE ELECTRON LASERS Edited by S. Martellucci and Arthur N. Chester Volume 19 PROBLEMS AND METHODS FOR LITHOSPHERIC EXPLORATIONS Edited by Roberto Cassinis Volume 20 FLAVOR MIXING IN WEAK INTERACTIONS Edited by Ling·Lie Chau Volume 21 ELECTROWEAK EFFECTS AT HIGH ENERGIES Edited by Harvey B. Newman Volume 22 LASER PHOTOBIOLOGY AND PHOTOMEDICINE Edited by S. Martellucci and A. N. Chester A Continuation Order Plan is available for this series. A continuation order will bring delivery of each new volume immediately upon publication. Volumes are billed only upon actual shipment. For further information please contact the publisher. laser Photobiology and Photomedicine Edited by 5. Martellucci Second University of Rome Rome, Italy and A. N. Chester Hughes Aircraft Company EI Segundo, California Plenum Press • New York and london Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Main entry under title: Laser photobiology and photomedicine. (Ettore Majorana international science series. PhYSical sciences; v. 22) "Proceedings of a two-week course on laser applications to biology and mediCine, held September 4-16, 1983, in Erice, Italy"-T.p. verso. Bibliography: p. Includes index. 1. Lasers in biology-Congresses. 2. Lasers in medicine-Congresses. I. Martel- lucci, S. II. Chester, A. N. III. Series. QH324.9.L37L37 1985 574'.028 84-26627 ISBN-13: 978-1-4612-9494-8 e-ISBN-13: 978-1-4613-2461-4 DOl: 10.1007/978-1-4613-2461-4 Proceedings of a two-week course on Laser Applications to Biology and Medicine, held September 4-16,1983, in Erice, Italy © 1985 Plenum Press, New York Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1985 A Division of' Plenum Publishing Corporation 233 Spring Street, New York, N. Y. 1 001 3 All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from th~ Publisher PREFACE This volume contains the Proceedings of a two-week course on "Laser Applications to Biology and Medicine" held from September 4 to 16, 1983 in Erice, Italy. This is the 10th annual course of the International School of Quantum Electronics organized under the auspices of the "E. Majorana" Center for Scientific Culture. ,Among the possible approaches to a course on Laser Applications to Biology and Medicine, the one which emphasizes the scientific and technological aspects of the advanced laser techniques when applied to laboratory and clinical tests has been chosen. In fact, it reflects the new policy of the School to stress the advanced scien- tific and technological achievements in the field of Quantum Elec- tronics. Accordingly, the Course has given the broadest information on the ultimate performances already achieved and the perspectives of their applications. Because of the great variety of applications of laser in biology, medicine, chemistry, engineering and related branches of science, this school addressed a subject of interdisciplinary interest. The formal sessions have been balanced between tutorial presentations and lectures focusing on unsolved problems and future directions. In addition, wide time has been provided for the par- ticipants to meet together informally for additional discussions on the forefront of current work. Therefore the character of the Course was a blend of current research and tutorial reviews. We have brought together some of the world's acknowledged masters in the field to summarize both the present state of their researches and the background behind them. Most of the lecturers attended all the lectures and devoted their spare hours to stimu- lating discussions and the organization of the panel discussions, conducted by Professor G. Salvatore, on a questions-answers basis. We would like to thank them all for their admirable contributions. The Course also has taken advantage from the very active audience; most of the students were experts in the field and contributed with panel discussions and seminars. Some students' seminars are also included in these Proceedings. v vi PREFACE "Laser Photobiology and Photomedicine" could hardly be a more appropriate and timely title to be given. The papers in these pro- ceedings give a fairly complete accounting of the Course lectures with the exception of the informal panel discussions. In editing this material we did not modify the original manuscripts except to assist in uniformity of style. The papers are not ordered exactly according to the chronology of the Course but in the following topical arrangement: A "Physical and Biological Basis" B "Biological Effects and Applications" C "Photochemotherapy" D "Photobiology and Dermatology" E "Surgical and Ophthalmological Applications" F "Laser Safety" G "Diagnostics and Technological Aspects" Several reasons have prevented the inclusion of the contri- butions by some busy authors. The lectures given by F. Hillenkamp and M. Wolbarsht were based on papers already published elsewhere and have not been included in these proceedings. The tutorials on laser sources given by o. Svelto have also been omitted because we have assumed that the main properties of the "laser" are well known. This volume would. of course. not be possible without the con- siderable efforts put forth by the authors represented here; all of them are cordially acknowledged. We also wish to mention with sincere thanks the very specialized assistance of Miss Madeleine Carter and Dr. R.H. Andrews of Plenum Press in the preparation of this volume. Before concluding. we acknowledge the organizations who spon- sored the School. especially the E. Majorana Center for Scientific Culture. whose continuous support made this Course possible. The Directors of the I.S.Q.E. S. Martellucci A. N. Chester The Second University Hughes A. C. Rome (Italy) EI Segundo. CA (USA) April 5. 1984 CONTENTS PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL BASIS Photobiology and Photomedicine 3 J. A. Parrish Effects of Lasers on Biological Tissue: Options for Specificity 17 J. A. Parrish Interaction of Laser Light with Biological Tissue 29 A. J. Welch and M. Motamedi BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS AND APPLICATIONS Biological Action of Low-intensity Monochromatic Light in Visible Range 57 T. I. Karu and V. S. Letokhov Certain aspects of He-Ne Laser Irradiation on Biological Systems In Vitro 67 S. Passarella, E. Casamassima, E. Quagliariello, I. M. Catalano and A. Cingolani A Brief Discussion on Problems Arising in the Irradiation of Whole Biological Specimens by Laser Beams 75 G. Delfino, S. Martellucci, J. Quartieri and E. Quarto Time-resolved Fluorescence Microscopy: Examples of Applications to Biology 85 F. Docchio, R. Ramponi, C. A. Sacchi, G. Bottiroli and I. Freitas vii viii CONTENTS Time-resolved Spectrofluorometry of Melanin in Human Melanoma 101 M. Arico. M. Barcellona. M. S. Giammarinaro and S. Micciancio PHOTOCHEMOTHERAPY Photophysical Properties of Hematoporphyrin Derivative and Related Components 109 A. Andreoni and R. Cubeddu Photoradiation Therapy with Hematoporphyrin as a Selective Technique for the Treatment of Malignant Tumors 117 L. Tomio. F. Calzavara and G. Jori PHOTOBIOLOGY AND DERMATOLOGY N2 Laser Radiation Effects in Iodoaminoacids 129 G. Palumbo. R. Massa. I. Vassallo. R. Bruzzese. S. Solimeno and S. Martellucci The Influence of Oxygen-radicals on the Mechanisms of Conformational Changes and Denaturation of Hemoglobin Induced by UV Irradiation 145 H. Malak Aspects of Dermatological Photopathology 151 1. A. Magnus Phototherapy of Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia: Physical Aspects 163 R. Pratesi SURGICAL AND OPHTHALMOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS Five Years of Laser Applications in Broncology (1637 Endoscopy Resections, 921 Patients) 211 C. Personne. A. Colchen and L. Toty Early Experiences with CO2 Laser for the Treatment of Septic Pathology in Neurosurgery: Experimental Model with Other Sources 219 V. A. Fasano. G. F. Lombard. P. Martinetto. S. Tealdi and R. Tealdi Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery by Laser 227 R. Pariente CONTENTS ix Laser Surgery in Hemophylia 241 A. Musajo-Somma Microsurgery by Means of a Nd-YAG Laser 249 C. Balacco-Gabrieli LASER SAFETY Laser Dosimetry and Damage Mechanisms: Unresolved Problems 261 D. H. Sliney Safety Aspects of Anterior Segment Laser Photodisrupters 271 D. H. Sliney Laser Safety in Laser Surgery 275 D. H. Sliney Laser Safety in the Use of Laser Systems 281 E. Righi DIAGNOSTICS AND TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS Potential Use of (LED's) Incoherent and Coherent Light-emitting-diodes in Photomedicine 293 R. Pratesi CO2 Laser Radiation Delivery Systems 309 A. M. Scheggi Optical Fiber Temperature Sensors for Medical Use 317 A. M. Scheggi, M. Brenci and A. G. Mignani Index 325 PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL BASIS

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