Larval mites (Acari: Trombidiidae) parasitic on aphids in Iran: key, a new species and new record

6 Pages·1996·2.9 MB·English

by  Z-Q Zhang

Zhi-qiang ZHANG' &NowzarRASTEGARI'
'InternationalInstituteofEntomology,London, UK&
'AgriculturalResearchCenter,Zarghan, Pars, Iran
LARVAL MITES (ACARI: TROMBIDIIDAE) PARASITIC
ON APHIDS IN IRAN: KEY, A NEW SPECIES AND
NEW RECORD
Zhang,Z.-Q. SiN. Rastegari, 1996.Larvalmites(Acari:Trombidiidae)parasiticonaphidsin
Iran:key,anewspeciesandnewrecord.-TijdschriftvoorEntomologie 139: 91-96,figs. 1-6.
[ISSN0040-7496]. Published 15October 1996.
Akeyto larvaeolTrombidiidae (Acari: Prostigmata) foundectoparasiticonaphids in Iran is
presented. AllothrombiumshirazicumZhangsp. n.isdescribedandillustratedfromlarvaepar-
asitic on Forda marginata Koch (Pemphigidae) and unidentified aphids in Shiraz, Iran.
MonotrombiumsimpliciumZhang is newly recorded from larvaeparasitic on aphids in wheat
fieldsinShiraz, Iran.
Z.-Q.Zhang,InternationalInstituteofEntomology, 56Queen'sGate, LondonSW75jR, UK.
Key words. — Acari; Trombidiidae; classification; larvae; key; ectoparasites; aphids;
Pemphigidae; Monotrombium;Allothrombium; Iran.
LarvaeofthegenusAllothrombiumandPodothrom- 2. TarsusIIIwithtwonormalclawsandanempodi-
biumarecommon ectoparasitesofaphids andareex- um A.pulvinumEwing
pected to have potential for use as biocontrol agents - Tarsus III with one normalclawandempodium;
against aphids (Eickwort 1983, Welbourn 1983, innerclawvestigial 3
Zhang 1991a, Zhang & Xin 1992). Discovery and 3. Idiosoma with more than 20 dorsal setae and
accurate description ofthese parasitic mites are pre- morethan 10ventralsetae A. mossi7ha.ng
requisites for any research toward their potential use - Idiosoma with 20 dorsal setae and less than 10
in pest control programs (Eickwort 1983, Welbourn ventralsetae 4
1983). 4. Legsshort; tarsi I-III < 60 |x ...A. triticiumZang
Recently, H. Norbakhsh of Shahid Chamran - Legs long; tarsi I-III > 90 |X
University, Ahwaz, Iran sent to the senior author A. shirazicumZhangsp. n.
some larval trombidiid mites which were found ec-
toparasiticonvariouswheataphids in Shiraz, Iran.A AllothrombiumshirazicumZhangsp. n.
study of these mites revealed a new species (figs. 1-6)
{Allothrombium shirazicum Zhang sp. n.) and a new Typematerial.-Holotypelarva(ZQZ96-0128-3a)
record {Monotrombium simplicium Zhang) from parasitic on an aphid, collected byN. Rastagari (No.
Shiraz, Iran. The purposeofthis paper is to describe 14, 58-19), on20.iv.1992 inShiraz,IRAN.-Paratype
the new species and to present a key to larvae of larva (ZQZ 93-0128-3b), same data as holotype.
Trombidiidaeparasiticonaphidsin Iran. Paratype larvae (ZQZ 930128-2c, d) parasitic on
Theterminologyandabbreviationsusedinthispa- Forda marginata Koch (Pemphigidae), collected by
per are adapted from Robaux (1974) and Welbourn N. R. Nowband (No. 1-19),on I4.vi.l992inShiraz,
&Young (1988).All the measurementsoflength are IRAN.All typesdeposited in theTheNatural History
in micrometers. Museum (BMNH), London.
KeytolarvaeofTrombidiidaeparasiticonaphids Description
in Iran Larvaewith the followingfeatures: fD = 4(+2)-6-4-
1. Coxa II with oneseta; genu II and genu III each 4-2 = 18(+2); fV= 2-2-2U-2 = 8; fnTr= 1-1-1; fnPe=
with onesolenidion 5-4-4; fnGe = 4-3-3; fnTi = 5-5-5; fiiTa = 17-14-13;
Monotrombium{M. simpliciumZhang) fSol = 1(0-2-2-1), 11(0-2-2-1), 111(0-2-0-0); fk = 1(1-
— CoxaIIwithtwosetae;genu II and IIIeachwith 1), 11(1-0), 111(0-0); f^ = 2-0-0; fe = 1-1-0;fPp=0-0-
twosolennidia {Allothrombium) 2 0-BNN2-BBNNNÜ); IP= 1298 (1280-1320).
91
TijdschriftvoorEntomologie,volume139.1996
Figs. 1-3.AllothrombiumshirazicumZhangsp. n. Holotypelarva. - 1, Idiosoma, dorsalview; 2, Idiosoma,ventralview; 3,
Gnathosoma.
Larva. - Measurements are means of four speci- partthanonanteriorpart;AMsetaebarbed, nearan-
mens,with rangeinparentheses. Idiosomaengorged, tero-lateralanglesofscutum; PLsetaebarbed,atpos-
holotype750 long,450wide. Idiosomadorsaliywith tero-lateralangles;ALsetaebarbed, betweenAMand
a scutum, a scutellum, a pair ofocular sclerites, and PLsetae;Sbarbedonlyindistalhalf,betweenALand
24-26 dorsal setae. Scutum pentagonal in shape, PL setae. Scutellum with two barbed setae; wider
widestatpostero-lateralangles,withconvexposterior than long, with small punctation throughout.
side; smallpunctationonscutumdenseronposterior Standard measurements ofscutum and scutellum as
92
Zhang&RastegarI: TrombidiidaeinIran
follows: AM 39 (29-45); AA60 (53-66); AL44 (43- spessulanwn Robaux & Aeschlimann (Felder 1951,
47);AW87 (78-90); MA42 (41-44); PL72 (70-73); Felder &Agekian 1967, Henking 1882, Hirst 1926,
PW 104 (100-114);AP46 (38-53);S 84 (79-90);SB Robaux 1972, 1974, Robaux & Aeschlimann 1987,
61851(6(41-4750-)1;58A)S;BW9412(490(-1919)9;-13P0S)B; 5H6S(3575-5(93)3;-3S8)D; TOuurdkem&anTsur1k91109,52)1.91S2i,x sTpheocires&havWeilblemeannrnec1o9r4d7e,d
LSS 86 (79-93); SL 68 (65-72); SS 36 (29-43). only from Asia: A. ovatum Zhang & Xin, A. kekko
Ocular sclerite, 37 (34-40) long, lateral to postero- (Southcott), A. epiphyllusShiba, and A. chanaanense
lateral angles ofscutum; with 2 eyes, theanterioreye Felder, A. triticium Zhang, and A. mossi Zhang
(13-15 in diameter) larger than the posteriorone (9- (Felder 1977, Shiba 1976, Southcott 1986, Zhang&
11 in diameter). All dorsal setae barbed, arising Irom Xin 1992, Zhang & Norbakhsh 1995). Two species
smallsetalsclerites;dorsalsetalformulafD=4(+2)-6- areknownonlyfromNorthAmerica:A. lerouxiMoss
4-4-2 = 18(+2). and A. mali (Childers & Vercammen-Grandjean
Idiosomaventrallywiththreepairsofcoxae, 1 pair 1980; Moss 1962).A.pulvinumEwingappearsto be
ofintercoxalsetae, eightpairsofventralsetae, andan a cosmopolitan species and has been reported from
anus.Allsetaeonventralidiosomawithbarbs.CoxaI Europe, Asia (China and Iran), and North America
82 (75-88) long, with two barbed setae. Coxa II 84 (Howard 1918, Miller 1925, Minks & Harrewijn
(81-88) long,withtwobarbedsetae. CoxaIII74 (69- 1988, Zhang 1988, 1991b, Zhang & Faraji 1994,
75) long, with a single barbed seta. Intercoxal setae Zhang &Xin 1989a, b, 1992), although its presence
between coxa III. Ventral setae with small setal scle- inEuropeneedstobeconfirmed.Thenewspecies,A.
rites;ventralsetal formulafV= 2-2-2u-2 = 8. shimzicum, is related to A. triticium, but can be dis-
Gnathosoma truncate posteriorly. Palpal setal for- tinguished from the latter from its long legs: leg
mulafPp=0-0-0-BNN2-BBNNNW.Apairofadorai lengthsofI-II-III areAA^AìAAòG forA. shimzicum,
setae nude, 8 (6-9) long. A pair ofsubcapitular setae but335-328-367forA. triticium.
thick, branched distally, 11 (11-12) long, 119 (18-
20) apart at base. Cheliceral base 65 (62-68) long; MonotrombttimsimpliciitmZhang
cheliceralblade26 (23-30) long, curvedwithasingle
toothdistally. Description
Leg segmentation formula fSp = 6-6-6. IP = 1298 Larvaewiththefollowingfeatures: fD=2-2-6-4-4-
(1280-1320). Leg I 448 (431-456); trochanter 53 2=20; fV = 2-2-2U-2 = 8; fcx = 2-1-1; fnTr = 1-1-1;
(50-55), with IB; femur 83 (80-84), with 5B; genu fnFe= 5-4-4; fnCe=4-3-3; fnTi = 5-5-5; fnTa= 17-
49 (47-50),with4B, twosolenidiao", andamicrose- 14-13; fSol = 1(0-2-2-1), 11(0-1-2-1), 111(0-1-0-0); fK
ta k; tibia78 (75-80), with 5B, two solenidia c|), and = 1(1-1), 11(1-0), 111(0-0); f^ = 2-0-0; fe = 1-1-0; fPp
a microseta k; tarsus 104 (96-108), with 17B, one = 0-0-0-BNN2-BBNNNÜ); IP = 805; tarsus III with
solenidion to, onedorsaleupathidum l,, one terminal reducedinnerclaw. IP = 785 (754-814).
eupathidum ^, one famulus e; claw-like empodium Larva. — Measurements are means of four speci-
20 (19-21), two lateral claws 32 (32-34) each. Leg II mens, with range in parentheses. Idiosoma 492-530
414 (406-419); trochanter 52 (49-55), with IB; fe- long, 280-300 wide. Standard measurements ofscu-
mur74 (71-75),with4 B;genu40 (38-42),with3B, tumandscutellumasfollows:AM36 (35-38);AA51
two solenidia cr and one microseta k; tibia 71 (70- (48-54);AL33 (25-39);AW62 (59-65);MA32 (31-
72), with 5B and two solenidia c|); tarsus 95 (92-96), 34); PL47 (45-47); PW79 (74-83); AP 35 (34-35);
with 14B,onesolenidionto,andonefamuluse;claw- S 48 (43-52); SB 50 (49-50);WASB 6G (63-68); PSB
like empodium 22 (21-23), two lateral claws 31 (25- 43 (36-49);SD 109(99-117); 94(81-104);HS32
37) each. Leg III 436 (423-451); trochanter 57 (55- (25-36); LSS 68 (59-81); SL42 (39-45); SS 25 (23-
64), with IB; femur 77 (75-79) with 4B; genu 42 26). Ocularsclerite, 23 (22-25) longand 13 (11-13)
(38-46), with 3B and two solenidia ct; tibia 83 (80- wide; theanterioreye (diameter9-11) largerthan the
86), with 5B; tarsus 102 (100-107), with 13B; claw- posteriorone (diameter 5-7). Palpal 52 (51-54) long.
like empodium 26 (25-27), one lateral claw 37 (30- Adoraiseta6long.Subcapitularsetae7(6-7)long, 12
40). (11-12) apart at base. Cheliceral base 44 (42-45)
long;cheliceralblade 12(11-14) long. IP=785 (754-
814). Leg I 258 (250-262) long; coxa I 51 (45-57)
Remarks long; trochanter 33 (32-34) long; femur 48 (47-49)
Larvae of" 13 Allothrombhimspecies have been rec- long; genu 29 (27-31) long; tibia 42 (38-47) long;
ognized worldwide (Zhang andXin 1992; Zhang & tarsus 57 (51-61) long; claw-like empodium 21 (19-
Norbakhsh 1995). Fourspeciesareknownonlyfrom 22) long, two lateralclaws 15 (13-16) longeach. Leg
Europe:A.fuliginosum(Hermann),A. reckiFelder& II253 (243-268) long;coxaII58 (54-61);trochanter
Agekian, A. neapolitanum Oudemans, and A. mon- 32 (31-32)long;femur45 (43-45) long;genu24(22-
93
TijdschriftvoorEntomologie,volume139,1996
M
Figs.4-6.AllothrombiumshirazicumZhangsp. n. Holotypelarva.-4,firstleg; 5,secondleg;6,thirdleg.
94
Zhang& Rastegari: TwmbìdiidaeinIran
2lo5n)g;locnlga;w-ltiikbieae4m0po(d3i6-u4m3)23l(o2n1g-;23t)arsluosng,53tw(o49l-at5e8r)- Howdpiiaciraddla,eSoCoc.ifeWtM.yi,n1n19e92s61o:8t.a2A.74p--r2e7lR6ie.mpionratrySrtaetpeortEnotnotmhoeloTgriosmtbio-f
alclaws 16(14-17)each. LegIII 275 long;coxa111 55 Minnesota 17: 1!1-144.
(54-56) long; trochanter 35 (34-36) long; femur 49 Miller,E.A., 1925.AnintroductorystudyoftheAcarinaor
(43-52) long; genu28 (25-31) long; tibia46 (42-50) mites ofOhio. — Ohio Agricultural Experiment Station
long; tarsus61 (53-68); claw-likeempodium 25 (23- Bullenn386&: 82-172.
28), onelateral claw 17 (16-18). Minnkast,uraAl.eKn.emiePs. Haanrdrecwoinjtrno,l.19V8o8l..ABp.hi—dsE.lseTvhieeirr,Abimosltoegry-,
Material. - Larvae (ZQZ 93-0128-2a, b, and e), IRAN, Mosdsa.m,W.36W4.,pp.1962.Theimmaturestagesoftheredvelvet
Shiraz,onwheataphids,l4.iv.l992,N.Rastegari. mite Allothronibiuni lerouxi (Acari: Trombidiidae). —
AnnalsoftheEntomologicalSocietyofAmerica55:295-
Remarks 303.
Oudemans, A. C, 1910. Acarologische aanteekeningen
onTahpihsisdpseciinesShwaahsrkfiorrstd,deIcrrainbe(dZfhia'nomgl&arvNaoerpbaraakshitsihc XXXI. - Entomologische Berichten, Amsterdam 3: 47-
51.
1995). This is a new record of this species from Oudemans,A. C, 1912. DiebisjetztbekannteLarvenvon
Shiraz, Iran. TheShirazspecimens arealmostidenti- Trombidiidae und Erythraeidae mit besonderer Be-
cal to those from Shahrkord. A minor exception is rücksichtigungderfürden MenschenschädlichenArten.
that the subcapitular setae are longer and more nar- -ZoologischeJahrbücher(Supplement) 14 (1) 230pp.
rowlyspaced at base in the former than in the latter; Robaux, P., 1972. Etude des larves deThrombidiidae; IV.
Redescription des larvaires formes à'Allothrornbium
7 long, 12 apart at base in Shiraz specimens but 5.3 neapolitum Oudemans, 1910, Neothrombium neglectum
long, 13 apartatbaseinspecimensfrom Shahrkord. (Bruyant), 1908 et Microthrombiumfasciatimi (Koch),
1836.-Acarologia 14:612-630.
Robaux,P., 1974.Recherchessurledéveloppementetlabi-
Acknowledgements ologie des acariens Thrombidiidae'. - Memoires du
We are grateful to Mr. Graham duHeaume ofthe MuseumNationald'HistoireNaturelleSerieAZoologie
85: 1-186.
tIhnetesrinxaftiigounraelsiInnstthietuptaepeorf. SEpnatcoemoanldogfyacifliotriesdrdauwriinngg Robbaiuuxm,moPn.sp&essiJ.danPu.m nAoevs.chslpiemc.an(nA,cari1:98T7r.ombAildloitihdraoer)n,-
thisstudywerekindlyprovidedbytheDepartmentof unimportanteneminatureldesarthropodesinféodésala
Entomology, The Natural History Museum, luzerne cultivée {Medicago sativa Linnaeus) en region
London. méditerranéenne. - Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen
EntomologischenGesellschaft60:43-50.
Shiba, M., 1976. Taxonomie investigation on free-living
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scribedfromlarvae ecroparasitic on aphids from Iran. - Received30June 1995
EuropeanJournalofEntomology92:705-718. Accepted6 October 1995
96