Larval Fish Aquaculture PDF
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FISH, FISHING AND FISHERIES LARVAL FISH AQUACULTURE No part of this digital document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means. The publisher has taken reasonable care in the preparation of this digital document, but makes no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assumes no responsibility for any errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of information contained herein. This digital document is sold with the clear understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, medical or any other professional services. F , F F ISH ISHING AND ISHERIES Additional books in this series can be found on Nova’s website under the Series tab. Additional e-books in this series can be found on Nova’s website under the e-book tab. M B ARINE IOLOGY Additional books in this series can be found on Nova’s website under the Series tab. Additional e-books in this series can be found on Nova’s website under the e-book tab. FISH, FISHING AND FISHERIES LARVAL FISH AQUACULTURE JIAN G. QIN EDITOR New York Copyright © 2013 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means: electronic, electrostatic, magnetic, tape, mechanical photocopying, recording or otherwise without the written permission of the Publisher. For permission to use material from this book please contact us: Telephone 631-231-7269; Fax 631-231-8175 Web Site: http://www.novapublishers.com NOTICE TO THE READER The Publisher has taken reasonable care in the preparation of this book, but makes no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assumes no responsibility for any errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of information contained in this book. The Publisher shall not be liable for any special, consequential, or exemplary damages resulting, in whole or in part, from the readers’ use of, or reliance upon, this material. Any parts of this book based on government reports are so indicated and copyright is claimed for those parts to the extent applicable to compilations of such works. Independent verification should be sought for any data, advice or recommendations contained in this book. In addition, no responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property arising from any methods, products, instructions, ideas or otherwise contained in this publication. This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information with regard to the subject matter covered herein. It is sold with the clear understanding that the Publisher is not engaged in rendering legal or any other professional services. If legal or any other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent person should be sought. FROM A DECLARATION OF PARTICIPANTS JOINTLY ADOPTED BY A COMMITTEE OF THE AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION AND A COMMITTEE OF PUBLISHERS. Additional color graphics may be available in the e-book version of this book. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data ISBN: (cid:28)(cid:26)(cid:27)(cid:16)(cid:20)(cid:16)(cid:25)(cid:21)(cid:25)(cid:20)(cid:27)(cid:16)(cid:20)(cid:24)(cid:21)(cid:16)(cid:25) (eBook) Published by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. † New York CONTENTS Preface vii Chapter 1 Roles of Temperature and Salinity on Early Development and Larval Rearing 1 Christopher C. Green and Charles A. Brown Chapter 2 The Effect of Light on Larval Rearing of Marine Finfish 25 Kevin R. Stuart Chapter 3 Live Feeds in Larval Fish Rearing: Production, Use, and the Future 41 Mohamed-Sofiane Mahjoub, Claire Schmoker and Guillaume Drillet Chapter 4 Feeding and Digestion 73 Enric Gisbert, Sofia Morais and Francisco J. Moyano Chapter 5 Gas Bladder Inflation in Larval Fish Aquaculture 125 Robert C. Summerfelt Chapter 6 Metamorphosis 143 Wilson Pinto Chapter 7 Cannibalism in Fish Larvae: What Have We Learned? 167 Etienne Baras Chapter 8 Larval Fish Weaning 201 Luca Parma and Alessio Bonaldo Index 223 PREFACE In finfish aquaculture, successful larval rearing and seed supply require the understanding of fish biology in early life history and technological practice in hatcheries. Hatcheries produce larval and juvenile fish primarily to support the aquaculture industry where fish are transferred to on-growing systems or supply juvenile fish for stock enhancement in wild. Aquaculture continues to grow more rapidly than all other animal food-producing sectors. The gap between seafood supply and market demand suggests a great potential for aquaculture development to meet the needs of seafood consumers. In aquaculture, larval fish rearing is a bottleneck to supply sufficient quantity and high quality of fingerlings for grow- out production. In the past decade, marine finfish larviculture techniques have quickly advanced. Feeding regimes and culture systems have been greatly modified to improve hatchery performance and efficiency. While the use of live food organisms, especially at first feeding, is still obligatory in most marine fish larvae culture, super-intensive rotifer culture using algal paste has improved cost-effectiveness in hatchery operation. Weaning of fish larvae to formulated feed at a later stage of development is easily achieved by co-feeding formulated feed with live food. Larval deformity and cannibalism are a challenge in some fish species, but system innovation and management strategies have dramatically reduced their negative impact in larval fish rearing. This book deals with larval fish aquaculture for both marine and freshwater species. It aims to provide comprehensive references on larval fish aquaculture. Specifically, it attempts to update the recent development in larval fish feed and feeding, environmental manipulation and hatchery management and to suggest future research needs for improvement of production efficiency in larval fish culture. An international team of larval fish experts from leading research institutes and universities in the world has been involved in writing this book. The main reason to write such a book is the lacking of a comprehensive book covering major issues in larval fish aquaculture from environmental, biological and managerial perspectives. This book consists of eight chapters and each chapter stands alone to discuss a particular issue(s) relevant to larval fish rearing. A total of 14 contributors from France, Italy, Portugal, Singapore, Spain, and United States provided reviews and summaries in each field. The organization of book is to start from environmental factors including temperature, salinity and light, and then to go through the major biological and managerial issues in larval fish rearing including live feed production, feeding and digestion, gas bladder development, metamorphosis, cannibalism control and weaning strategies. The information in this book is by no means complete. It is hoped that this book will become a useful reference text for viii Jian G. Qin researchers and hatchery managers advancing knowledge in larval fish rearing and a supplementary textbook for advanced courses in larval fish biology and aquaculture. All the authors responded positively when they were invited to contribute. I express my sincere gratitude to authors for their commitment in contributing chapters and the valuable information presented. Jian G. Qin Flinders University
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